Category: CBSE

A notice is written or printed information that can be in the form of an official statement of public importance or an advance warning. It can also be used for giving information to a segment of people or people at large.

The basic purpose of a notice is to disseminate information related to various issues or occasions. It is written in a simple and formal language and is always brief and to the point. Notices are generally given in newspapers or magazines or displayed publicly on the noticeboard of an organization. Examples of  Notice Writing Formats.

Looking for an easy way to learn English Grammar? then you are in right place. Here we providing basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc… in this article, we are providing Notice Writing Class 12.

Notice Writing Class 12 Format, Examples, Topics, Exercises

A notice is an official communication, which announces or conveys some information. A notice is usually affixed on the noticeboard by an organization or institution to announce an event, celebration or some important information, etc.

Notice Writing Important Points

• A notice is always written in a box.
• It must be dated.
• It should have the title, which is not a complete sentence.
• It should always have the name, the designation and the signature of the issuing authority.
• A notice is generally written in complete sentences but at time phrases are also acceptable.
• As a notice usually announces an upcoming event/celebration, etc. so future time reference is used while writing a notice.
• A notice should have all the details related to the event. It must have an answer to what, when, where, why, how.
• The information should be presented accurately and concisely.
• The language should be formal.

Notice Writing Format Class 12 CBSE

Name and Address of Institution/Organization NOTICE Date: Heading Body of the notice (giving relevant details) in two paragraphs. Paragraph: Information (about the event, etc.) Instruction to the readers/members. Full name (Designation)

Types of Notice Class 12 CBSE

Question 1.
Arts Club of your school is going to organize a drawing and painting competition. Write a notice in not more than 50 words, to be displayed on the school notice board, inviting students to participate in it. Give all the necessary details. You are Rishabh/Ridhima, Secretary, Arts Club, Sunrise Public School, Gurugram, Haryana.
Answer:

Sunrise Public School Gurugram NOTICE 16 February 20XX Drawing and Painting Competition This is to inform that the Arts Club of the school is going to organize a drawing and painting competition from the 20th instant. All the students are requested to display their drawings and paintings in the exhibition Hall of the School. The interested candidates may please submit their names to the undersigned latest by the 18 February. Ridhima (Secretary) Arts Clubs A

Question 2.
Issued by Government Bodies: Draft a notice in about 50 words on behalf of traffic police to inform the residents of Delhi about a diversion in the traffic route due to Independence Day Celebrations at the Red Fort.
Answer:

Delhi Traffic Police NOTICE 14 August 20XX Traffic Diversion This is to inform all citizens that the route from ISBT to Red Fort via Kashmere Gate will remain closed due to Independence Day Celebrations on 15 August 20XX. No vehicles will be allowed on this route from 7 a.m. to 2 p.m. All the commuters should use the Outer Ring Road to go to the ISBT. Delhi Traffic Police

Question 3.
While walking in a park in your neighbourhood you found a small plastic bag containing some documents and some cash. Write a notice in about 50 words to be put on the park noticeboard asking the owner to identify and collect it from you. You are Amar/Amrita 9399123456.
Answer:

Children’s Park NOTICE 10 March 2017 FOUND! FOUND! Found a small black plastic bag containing some documents and cash today morning. It was lying in the corner bench of the park. The owner may please contact the undersigned and collect the bag after identifying the documents and details of the cash. Please contact at 9399123456. Amrita (A concerned citizen)

Question 4.
After the rains cases of dengue, Chikungunya, etc. are on the rise in your city. As Principal, Sunshine Public School, Manu Vihar, you have decided to allow your students to wear full sleeve shirts and trousers in the school for a period of one month. Write the notice in about 50 words.
Answer:

Sunshine Public School, Manu Vihar NOTICE 17 March 2017 Change in Uniform This is to inform all the students that you all are allowed to wear full sleeved shirts and trousers in the school for a period of one month starting from tomorrow. This comes in the wake of the rising cases of dengue and chikungunya which have become an epidemic. Principal (Sunshine Public School)

Question 5.
You are Health Secretary, Students Council Citizens Public School, Ram Bagh, Varanasi. The Council has decided to start from the second of October a week-long cleanliness drive around the school. Draft a notice in about 50 words asking the Class XI students to enrol for the drive.
Answer:

Students Council Citizens Public School, Ram Bagh NOTICE 25 September 2017 Cleanliness Drive The Students Council of the school has decided to start a week-long cleanliness drive around the school from 2 October. It is in keeping with the spirit of Prime minister’s initiative “Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan”. Students of class XI are requested to enrol for the drive as volunteers. Registration is open for two days, 28 September and 29 September, from 9 a.m. to 10:30 a.m. Vinay Kapoor (Health Secretary)

Question 6.
RJ Public School is located in a Central Government employees residential cojony. Cultural Society of the school has decided to organise a fancy dress show on 25th of January in which each participant will wear the dress particular to his/her region. The aim is to show the cultural diversity of India. As Secretary, write a notice in about 50 words inviting the names of those who want to participate.
Answer:

RJ Public School, Sant Nagar NOTICE Fancy Dress Show The Cultural Society of the school is going to organise a fancy dress show on 25 January to show the cultural diversity of India. Those who are interested in participating are requested to give their names to the undersigned latest by 20th January. Participants should wear the dress particular to their region. Secretary (Cultural Society)

Question 7.
An NGO has approached your school to offer book grants to the needy students. As Head girl of Sunshine Public School, Aram Bagh, write a notice in about 50 words asking students who are in need to put their requests into the box kept outside the Principal’s office.
Answer:

Sunshine Public School, Aram Bagh NOTICE 21 March 2017 Book Grants for Needy Students The NGO “ Helping Hand” has offered to give book grants to the needy students of our school. Students who are genuinely in need should put their requests into the box that has been kept outside the Principal’s office. For further queries, please contact the undersigned. Aarushi (Head Girl)

Question 8.
The Principal, Sunshine Public School, Dindigul, has invited the Inspector of Police (Traffic) to deliver a lecture on ‘Road Safety’ in her school. Dfaft a notice in about 50 words informing the students to assemble in the school auditorium.
Answer:

Sunshine Public School, Dindigul NOTICE Road Safety As you all are aware that ‘Road Safety’ week is being celebrated everywhere these days. In this connection, Inspector of Police (Traffic) is going to visit our school and deliver a speech on the same. All teaching will be suspended after the break and the students, accompanied by their class teachers, will assemble in the auditorium. By order Principal

Question 9.
Twenty-five years ago, a government school was opened in Adampur, your village. As part of its silver jubilee celebrations the school has decided to honour the meritorious old students who are now holding important positions in life. As Head boy/girl draft a notice in about 50 words inviting the students of classes IX to XII to attend the function in the school hall.
Answer:

Adampur Senior Secondary School, Adampur NOTICE 2 August 20XX Silver Jubilee Celebration As part of the Silver Jubilee celebrations, the school has decided to honour the old meritorious students, who are now holding important positions in life. Their presence and their achievements will be a source of inspiration for our senior students. All the students of class IX to XII are cordially invited to attend the function in the school hall to cheer and honour the alumni. Hemant Head Boy

Question 10.
Water supply will be suspended for eight hours (10 a.m. to 6 p.m.) on 6th of March for cleaning of the water tank. Write a notice in about 50 words, advising the residents to store water for a day. You are Karan Kumar/Karuna Bajaj, Secretary, Janata Group Housing Society, Palam Vihar, Kurnool.
Answer:

Janata Group Housing Society, Palam Vihar NOTICE 4 March 20XX Suspension of Water Supply This is to inform all the residents of the Housing Society that the water supply will be suspended for eight hours (10 a.m. to 6 p.m.) on 6th of March for the annual cleaning of the water tanks. Accordingly, all are requested to kindly store water to avoid any inconvenience. For any queries, please contact the undersigned. Karuna Bajaj (Secretary)

Question 11.
While travelling by taxi from Lucknow airport to Hazratgunj, you left behind a small bag containing some important documents. Draft a notice in about 50 words for the lost and found column of National Herald, Lucknow, describing the loss and promising a reward to the person who gets it back to you. You are Karan/Karuna and can be contacted at 9191909089.
Answer:

NOTICE Lost and Found I have lost a small leather bag of brown colour bearing the trade mark Hidesign, containing important documents while travelling from Hazratgunj to Lucknow airport between 9.00 a.m. and 10.00 a.m. by taxi. The papers are of vital importance to me. The finder will be suitably rewarded. Contact Karan: Mobile No: 9191909089.

Question 12.
For Society Noticeboard: You are Aditi/Ajay, President of Abhinav Welfare Society. Write a notice in about 50 words to be put up on the society’s noticeboard inviting the members to book a stall in Diwali Mela organized by your society on Diwali.
Answer:

Abhinav Welfare Society, Ashok Vihar NOTICE 15 October 20XX Diwali Mela All the members are informed that Diwali Mela is being organized in the society ground on 31 October 20XX. Stalls are available for X 3000 per stall. All those who are interested can contact the undersigned for booking of the stall latest by 22 October 20XX. For further information, contact the undersigned. Aditi Mattoo (President)

Question 13.
As secretary of Old Students’ Association, draft a notice in about 50 words to be put up on the noticeboard regarding a meeting to be held for the celebration of Annual Alumni Meet.
Answer:

St Mary’s School, Kanpur NOTICE Annual Alumni Meet All the members of the Executive Committee of Old Students’ Association are requested to attend a meeting to finalise the programme for the celebration of Annual Alumni Meet on 25 February 20XX. The meeting will he held on 28 January at 10:00 a.m. in the association office in the school. Members are requested to be on time and contribute in terms of cash and kind to make the Aumni meet a success. Akshay Mittal (Secretary—Old Student’s Association)

Question 14.
You are Head Boy/Head Girl of ABC Public School. Draft a notice in about 50 words to be put up on the noticeboard inviting the students to volunteer for the Blood Donation Camp which is going to be organized in your school by Rotary Club. Invent necessary details.
Answer:

ABC Public School, Ranchi NOTICE 25 July 20XX Volunteers For Blood Donation Camp A Blood Donation Camp is being organized by the Rotary Club, New Delhi on 31 July 20XX from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. in the school. Some volunteers are required to help the donors and the doctors. Those interested to volunteer should contact the undersigned within 2 days. Rishima Gupta (12A) (Head Girl)

Question 15.
You are Raghav/Reema, Secretary of the cultural society of your school. Your society is organizing a dance drama “Gandhi — a Sage”. Write a notice in about 50 words for the school noticeboard, informing the students about it with all necessary details.
Answer:

SBS School, Rishikesh NOTICE 15 September 20XX Dance Drama Presentation This is to inform all the students that the cultural society of the school is presenting a dance drama “GANDHI – A SAGE” on 1 October 20XX at 5:00 p.m. in the school auditorium. All are invited with their families. Passes are available at the school reception. For details contact the undersigned. Raghav Mehra (12D) Secretary

Question 16.
You are Secretary of Residents’ Welfare Society, Rajpura. Draft a notice in about 50 words to be put up on the noticeboard informing the residents about an emergency meeting to be held due to the sudden theft in your society.
Answer:

Residents’ Welfare Society, Rajpura NOTICE 10 October 20XX Urgent Meeting All the members are hereby informed that an urgent meeting of the society will be held today, at 5:00 p.m. at the Tennis Court of the Society regarding the recent incident of theft in the Society. We shall discuss the safety measures to be taken to stop such incidents in future. Amitabh Ghosh (President)

Question 17.
As president of Ardent Youth Club, write a noticejn about 50 words inviting all the club members to volunteer for the “Cleaning Campaign” organized by your club at Old Delhi Railway Station. Give all necessary details.
Answer:

Ardent Youth Club, Jahanara Road NOTICE 15 September 20XX Cleaning Campaign This is to inform all the club members that a “Cleaning Campaign” is being organized at Old Delhi Railway Station on 2 October 20XX at 8 a.m. under the Swachh Bhart Mission. You all are requested to reach platform No. 1 at 10 a.m. Contact the undersigned if needed. Simarjeet Singh (12A) (President)

Question 18.
Every year in the central park of the city, a flower show is held in the month of February. Your school has received a circular from the District Collector inviting your students to visit it. Write a notice in about 50 words informing the students about the show and advising them to go and enjoy it. You are Navtej/Navita, Head Boy/Head Girl, Sunrise Public School, Surat.
Answer:

Sunrise Public School. Sardar Patel Road, Surat NOTICE 20 January 20XX Flower Shove All the students are hereby informed that the district collector has invited the students to attend a flower show on 10 February 20XX in the Central Park of Surat. Students will get to know about huge varieties of flowers. Interested students should register their names with the undersigned latest by 8 February. Navita Sinha (12A) (Head Girl)

Question 19.
Sarvodaya Education Society, a charitable organisation is coming to your school to distribute books among the needy students. As Head Boy/Head Girl, Sunrise Public School, Surat, write a notice in about 50 words asking such students to drop the list of books they need in the box kept outside the Principal’s office. You are Navtej/ Navita.
Answer:

Sunrise Public School, Mahatma Gandhi Road, Surat NOTICE 20 January 20XX Book Distribution for Needy Students This is to inform the students that Sarvodaya Education Society, a charitable organization, is interested in distributing the books among needy students. The students who require books should drop the list of books they need in the box kept outside the principal’s office latest by 30 January. Navtej Singh (12C) (Head Boy)

Question 20.
Your club is going to organize an interclass singing competition. Write a notice in about 50 words inviting names of the students who want to participate. Give all the necessary details. You are Navtej/Navita, Secretary, Music Club, Akash Public School, Agra.
Answer:

Akash Public School, Mughal Road, Agra NOTICE 10 January 20XX Inter-class Singing Competition The music club is organizing an interclass singing competition for the students of classes IX to XII. The following are the details of the competition. Dates : 25 January 20XX Time : 10 a.m. onwards Venue : School Auditorium Students interested in participating should contact the undersigned latest by 15 January 20XX. Navita Sinha (12B) (Secretary, Music Club)

A debate is a formal discussion on a particular theme or topic. It is mostly conducted in a public setting in which people present their opposing arguments for or against a particular theme or topic.

Looking for an easy way to learn English Grammar? then you are in right place. Here we providing basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc…

Debate Writing for Class 12 Format, Examples, Topics, Samples

A debate is a contest in the form of an argument, in favour of or against a motion. It is usually between two persons or two teams.

Debate Points to Remember

1. Collect information related to the topic both in favour and against it.
2. Read reference books.
3. Discuss the topic with peer group or seniors.
4. Collect authentic dnta and try to add the points which are beyond rebuttal.
5. Use simple and short sentences.
6. Address the audience.
7. Use. questions, phrases and quotes.

Debate Writing Examples For Class 12 With Answers CBSE

Format Of Debate Writing Examples

Question 1.
Write a debate in 150 – 200 words either for or against the motion: ‘Capital Punishment should be abolished’.
Answer:

FOR THE MOTION

Good morning honourable judges, my fellow competitors and worthy audience.

Today, I, Deepak Raj, am going to express my views in favour of the motion, ‘capital punishment should be abolished’.

Friends, I feel that capital punishment is a brutal, outdated concept that must J?e abolished in the name of civilised society. The death penalty is the harsh form of punishment in the world today.

So, the role of the death penalty as a form of deterrence is absolutely a myth. The ‘rarest of the rare’ phrase is explained by the law commission, as being arbitrary and subject to the judge ascertaining a murder case. More importantly, it has kept the capital punishment in the context of the country’s flamed criminal justice system.

In fact, my objection to death penalty or capital punishment is an objection only to the taking of lives, but not to the idea of punishment as such.

So, friends, capital punishment should be abolished because it has cultural, moral and economic aspects. Taking lives is inhumane and it also affects economically weaker sections of the society.

Hence, I suggest the scrapping of capital punishment of all crimes except terrorism related offences.

Thank you.

Against the Motion Debate

Good morning honourable judges, my fellow competitors and dear friends. I, Anuj Gupta, stand before you to speak against the motion. Friends, my wise opponent has highlighted the some positive aspects of abolition of capital punishment. But, I think that capital punishment should not at all be abolished.

As you see’that after the abolition of capital punishment in some countries, did the crime rate increase or decrease in the country?

Statistics show that murderers after release from the prison commit murders rampantly. So, friends! you realize the gravity of the situation. If capital punishment is made illegal, the criminals will be at liberty to commit crimes in the country. Obviously the terrorists will attack the country. Drug trafficking, treason and murder rate will increase, only capital punishment as imposed by the government can control the situation. So, friends, for the defence of the country, capital punishment must not be abolished. We must respect capital punishment and the idea of retribution, i.e. severe punishment for crime.

Thank you.

Question 2.
“Rising prices can be controlled only by the Government”. Write a debate in 150 – 200 words either for or against the motion.
Answer:

For The Motion

Good morning, honourable judges, ladies and gentlemen. The topic before the house is “Rising prices can be controlled only by the government”.

The Central government under attack from the opposition and the common people at large has failed to bring about acche din as promised by it earlier. While the blame game continues, the fact that ‘rising prices can only be controlled by government’, is well established and thus I speak for the motion.

Money is the lifeblood of commerce. For the market to operate, we need to ensure a stable, non – inflationary currency. Inflation, a monetary phenomenon, is an increase in money and credit. The government creates new money in order to cover what it spends in excess of its income. The existence of an unbalanced budget is a frequent reason for this and the government is solely responsible for this.

The basic cause of rising prices is the government’s unwillingness to cut its spending or to raise the funds it desires by increasing taxation or by borrowing from the public.

The people who suffer the most is the aam admi or the common man. Inflation is a type of tax that falls on citizens in the form of higher prices for what he purchases.

We clearly win the debate here, because we totally reject the theory that growth is required at any cost. The failure of the government pushes the poor into severe poverty. The poorest of the poor do not know the high GDP of 8 – 9% but they do know the prices of onions and potatoes and the government makes deliberate attempts to increase the same.

Thus we have established that it is only in the hands of the government to control the rising prices.

Thank you

Against the Motion Debate

Good morning, honourable judges, ladies and gentlemen. The topic before the house is “Rising prices can be controlled only by the government”. I am going to speak against the motion.

The tragedy of our times is that we have an opposition which seems to be having a myopic view on all issues and wants to blame the government for everything. Even an attempt to say that “Rising prices can only be controlled by the government”, is a reflection of lack of information and understanding of market economics.

It is not solely in the government’s hands to control the prices of goods. One of the major factors for increasing prices is the rapid growth of population coupled with increase in income of a sizeable part of population. It has led to an increase in demand for goods and services. This process, unaccompanied by a corresponding increase in the consumer goods, raises the price level. A major cause of inflation is hoarding and blackmarketeering in essential goods. The prices of onions and pulses are an example. Industrial production has also not been adequate, results in rising prices. The ongoing crises in the Middle East have resulted in the increase in the price of oil in the International market. It is not in the hands of the government to control the situation.

Thank you!

Question 3.
‘Private cars should be banned in the congested commercial areas of the cities.’ Write a debate in 150 – 200 words either for or against the motion.
Answer:
Private Cars Should Be Banned in the Congested Commercial Areas of Cities

For The Motion Debate

Respected jury members, dear teachers, friends ancf worthy opponents.

I stand here to speak for the motion as I believe that it’s time we and the government did something about it. Numerous studies have shown that vehicular pollution is on the rise and so is the traffic. While the use of cars cannot be stopped or reduced drastically as it is a transport of convenience, but can be banned in the congested commercial areas of cities.

The advantages of implementing the ban is that it will lead to less congestion, less traffic snarls, no frayed tempers and no road rage incidents. Secondly, less vehicles would mean less exhaust emission and less time wasted on roads which in turn will increase the efficiency of people. Let my opponents not forget that banning cars in the congested areas will also reduce the noise pollution which has reached alarming levels, the space for movement will be more and the vehicles carrying goods in the commercial hubs will ply with more ease thereby saving time too.

To conclude, this step should be taken at the earliest as it will immensely benefit the people of the commercial areas and become a path – breaking example for others to follow suit.

Against the Motion Debate

Respected jury members, dear teachers, friends and worthy opponents.

At the very outset, I would like to remind my worthy opponent that a total ban on the use of any transport in India has never worked as our country is still a developing nation. How will banning the private cars in a congested commercial area reduce the pollution levels? Is the pollution caused only by private cars? Another question I would like to ask is – what about the freedom of travelling of car owners? What about the shopkeepers’ own vehicles which they require for the purpose of their work?

It seems as if the car owners are being punished for owning a car which is their right. They can use it in any way, there is no restriction of time, no waiting and it is so much more convenient than . depending on any public transport – an area, the condition of which is so dismal that it can itself generate a debate!

Though I also stand for decongestion and clean environment, banning the private cars all of a sudden without providing any alternate measures, will prove disastrous and may invite strong opposition from private car owners in commercial areas.

4. ‘Our large population is not a cause of poverty but an asset, a resource.’
Write a debate in 150 – 200 words either for or against the motion.
Answer:
Our Large Population Is Not a Cause of Poverty But an Asset, a Resource.

For The Motion Debate
Respected members of the jury, teachers, dear friends and my worthy opponents.

I stand here to speak for the motion as I feel that our large population is a boon for our country. Our country’s population is termed the young population as it is estimated that between 2020 to 2050 the average age of Indian population would be around 29 which is the most productive age for the economy to grow. Larger population can always be a big asset for the manufacturing units which thrive on their cheap labour and going by the ‘Make in India’ programme of our PM Narendra Modi, we can be a big exporter of hand – made goods where each hand will become an earning hand for the nation.

I am sure, my worthy opponents are aware of the ‘Skill India Campaign’, another initiative to make our youth skilled, so that the foreign companies invest in oqr country to offer us new projects – this ambitious project will not only provide jobs to our younger generation but also earn revenue for the country. This is possible only because we have a large untapped young population which is a big asset. I would like to end my debate by reiterating that India’s power lies in the hands of its citizens and its growing population will mark its rising power.

Against the Motion Debate

Respected members of the jury, teachers, dear friends and my worthy opponents.

I would like to begin my argument with a quote that explains it all.

Instead of controlling the environment for the benefit of the population, maybe we should control the population to ensure the survival of our environment.

– Sir David Attenborough

Dear friends, large population breeds nothing but poverty and unemployment. It becomes increasingly difficult to provide the basic facilities to a growing population. I fail to understand my opponent’s view that a huge population is an asset, in fact if anything – huge population consumes more resources thereby leading to its shortage, so how can this be an asset?

Question 6.
“A career counsellor (not you, yourself) is the best person to guide you in the choice of a career.” Write a debate in 150 – 200 words either for or against the motion.
Answer:
“A career counsellor is the best person to guide you in the choice of a career.”

For The Motion Debate

Respected Jury members, dear teachers, friends and worthy opponents.

There is no denying the truth that once we finish our school, we are faced with – what next? A student at the threshold of a new start has parents, teachers and friends as guides and each one speaks from his/her own perspective.

It is at this juncture that a career counsellor can help students to sail though the turbulent times. He/ She is the best person to guide you and help you decide your career based on your aptitude, skills, performance and personality.

I would like to bring home the point that human talent and potential is tremendous and can’t be measured as such. Each individual has his/her strengths and weaknesses. It is here that the career counsellor comes into the picture. He/She identifies that unique quality and guides one to know the different career paths, the pros and cons of each. The students can make an informed choice. Thus I would say that with the help of career counsellors, students end up choosing the best profession well suited to their needs. They perform well and ultimately succeed in life.

Against The Motion Debate

Respected Jury members, dear teachers, friends and worthy opponents.

I oppose the motion that a career counsellor is the best person to guide you in the choice of a career. I feel that patents can guide you with so much of experience behind them and the best person to guide you is you yourself. We must listen to our parents but given the generation gap and the advancement in technology, their ideas may not be in tune with present times but their wisdom and experience are priceless and one must pay heed to them.

We should decide our own careers as the passion, aptitude and interest for a particular career is best known to us and it will breed the best in us. We, as students, have a lot of exposure these days and there is knowledge boom hence, we are in a position to identify the pros and cons of choosing a particular career option to suit our potential.

I would like to close my debate by stressing the fact that a student should have the total freedom to decide his career path involving his parents, friends and other trustworthy members but taking the services of an outside (counsellor) to decide his/her future is not acceptable at any cost.

Question 7.
“Social media (Facebook, Tbitter, etc.) is being used to create disaffection in society.” Write a debate in 150 – 200 words either for or against the motion.
Answer:
For The Motion Debate

Good morning, Honourable Judges and my fellow competitors, today I’m going to express my views in – favour of the motion, “Social media is being used to create disaffection in society.”

My first question to the experts is what do they think about the social media like Facebook, Twitter, etc. Is it helpful to the teenagers or addicting them to waste their time? It is definitely an addiction of chatting for a long time and checking news feeds. Facebook, Twitter, etc. should carry a warning because the children who spend more time online social network affect their eyes and their mental health and they neglect their studies. Research findings show that more than 90% of 16 to 24 years olds use social networks. A BBC survey shows that 10 – 12 years olds have social media accounts. It is also found that girls are more affected than the boys. Of late, it is found that excessive net surfing has become a growing problem. It not only wastes study time, but also wastes time at work and at home. Teenagers now spend nearly more than three hours a week online social media than they do watching TV. Social media can cause major problem by giving false and unreliable information and is detrimental. In this way social media is being used to create disaffection in the society.

Against The Motion Debate

Good morning respected judges and my dear friends, Today, I am going to speak against the motion, “Social Media is being used to create disaffection in the society.”

Dear friends, is social networking not a new advancement in technology? Does it not make the world more open and connected? My worthy opponent might have forgotten to see the aspect of e – m,edia growth of the social media. Social media, particularly, Facebook helps direct interaction with the people all over the world. It helps us stay connected to friends and families in today’s fast paced and ever changing world. It has a great commercial viability as it is an invaluable promotional tool.

Besides, companies, artists, writers and musicians can reach diverse amount of people using social media sites. Breaking news and other important information can spread like wildfire on social media sites. The most important advantage of social media is to share our achievements and talents with the world. Maybe, social media like Facebook, Twitter, etc. have some drawbacks, but on the whole in today’s world, it has great impact on the education and the society as well.

Question 8.
“Gyms and fitness centres have reduced the importance of exercise in the park.” Write a debate in 15(1 – 200 words either for or against the motion.
Answer:
For The Motion Debate

Good morning respected judges, teachers and dear friends. Today, I am going to express my views in favour of the motion, “Gyms and fitness centres have reduced the importance of exercise in the park.” Exercise in the park is very important because it helps us mentally, physically, emotionally and spiritually. The green space in the park is associated with longevity. One can feel the sun shining on ones skin, the breeze blowing through our hair, the sights and sounds of nature guiding us in the park. In fact, exercising in the park improves energy level and decreases stress to a greater extent than exercising in a gym and fitness centre.

These days many of us go to gym and fitness centres for exercise daily. Do you think gyms and fitness centres ensure better mental and physical health of the people? Let us think logically. Maybe, gyms and fitness centres have social environment, but they can never improve our health. The decrease in stress is only feasible if we exercise in the park. Nowadays youngsters have a tendency to attend gym and fitness centres under a certified instructor, thereby reducing the importance of exercise in the park.

Against The Motion Debate

Good morning honourable judges and dear friends. I am going to speak against the motion, “Gyms and fitness centres have reduced the importance/)!’ exercise in the park.”

My worthy opponent has highly spoken about how gyms and fitness centres have reduced the importance of exercise in the park. But the story is quite different. We live in a world where we are so busy that we hardly find time to exercise in the park. However, exercising in the park provides us an opportunity to be physically active in a constantly changing environment. Parks create an opportunity for kids to enjoy themselves and interact with others.

It is gyms and fitness centres that help us to keep us fit in a social environment. Experts say that group workouts led by a certified instructor also ensure participants to get a safe and effect workout location. The benefits of many health clubs lie in the abundance of fitness classes and tailored training they offer, from yoga and Pilates, to strengthen classes and myriad cardia dance combo sessions. In fact, most of the gyms offer opportunity to do all the forms of exercise.

Besides, it does offer the ability to exercise when environment is not friendly with us. In sum, fitness centres, in other words gyms provide us safe and comfortable workout environment in order to achieve our best physique.

Question 9.
“Academic excellence is the only requirement for a successful career.” Write a debate either for or against the motion. (120-150 words)
Answer:
Academic Excellence is the only requirement for a successful career

For The Motion Debate
Hon’ble Jury members, respected teachers, dear friends and participants. I am going to speak for the motion.

If one excels academically, one may get a chance to enrol in prestigious institutions for further studies. If the marks are very high, one could get a scholarship too. And if one comes out with flying colours from such institutions, then one may be lured by big corporations who give fabulous salaries and perks as they require talented trainees for their future business plans. The growth prospects for such people in big companies is also assured. All this is possible only if one excels and achieves the highest grades ever achievable. Of course, one ought to possess other attributes like social skills, language skills, communication skills, debating skills and computer skills. But academic excellence is a perquisite first, all these attributes can be diluted.

Against The Motion Debate
Hon’ble Jury piembers, respected teachers dear friends and participants. I am going to speak against the motion.

Nowadays there is too much emphasis on academic excellence. It is said to be the sole criterion for ensuring success in life. In India, for example jobs are obtained by only those who excel in academics. In my opinion, academic excellence may be important but is not the only criterion for ensuring success in life. Ability and willpower are also some of the determiners of success. Skills can be social skills, language skills, communication skills, debating skills, and computer skills.

There is no guarantee that an individual with the most A’s or perfect grades will bag a job as some employers may employ candi¬dates based on their skills. Morever willpower of an individual is another secret to success in life. If an individual has willpower and is determined to achieve a certain goal as vision in life, he will no doubt be victorious in life.

A classic example of determination is Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, who dropped out from Harward University and worked hard with determination to become a successful computer software icon. I believe that skills, ability not willingness to work hard in one’s life are the main determinants of success in one’s life.

As the adage says: “Where there is a will there’s a way”. There is always a chance for everyone to be successful in life as long as they are willing to worlc hard to take up the challenge.

Question 10.
“Brain drain is not a bane for a developing country like India”. Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against the motion.
Answer:
For The Motion Debate

Good morning, honourable members of the jury, my fellow competitors and worthy audience, today I’m going to express my views in favour of the motion “Brain drain is not a bane for a developing country like India”. First of all, I would like to ask how many intelligent persons go to foreign countries every year on average. Dear friends, the number is just a handful.

India, the largest democracy in the world, with a population of more than 120 billion, is a fast developing country. No doubt many students realise their dream to go abroad to study and earn a lot of money but that is just a myth. The reality is that more than 80% of the people who go abroad to study are those who are not competent enough to get admission in Indian universities. In fact, the brain drain hardly has any effect on developing countries like India because the real geniuses stay back.

A developing country like India works on its resources. The m jor resource that India has is the human resource. India is a land of geniuses and learned people and this is evident from the fact that India has done so much in the field of science and technology from Mars Mission to the latest launch of IRNSS – 1F satellite. Indian educational institutions are supposed to be among the world’s best.

Thus, a culturally diverse, economically strong, socially bonded country like India can never be affected by the trivial issue of brain drain.

Thank you

Against The Motion Debate

Good morning, honourable members of the jury, my fellow competitors and worthy audience, today I’m going to express my views against the topic “Brain drain is not a bane for a developing country like India”. Dear friends, there is absolutely no doubt that development and growth are equally proportionate to the intelligence and resourcefulness of people. In fact, for any developing country, human resources are the most important thing. How can a country progress if most of its intelligent brains have migrated to some other place? That is the crises that we all are facing these days.

We are not able to hold the brainy, intelligent, productive people in our country due to corruption and nepotism. But ‘brain drain’ has proved to be a great hindrance. Development is not possible without intelligent scientists, doctors, lawyers, businessmen, etc. but unfortunately the youth have got so frustrated with the system that they don’t want to stay in India. The work culture in our country, the incomes and lifestyles leaves much to be desired. Therefore, whoever migrates is lost to our country for ever.

This ‘brain drain’ is no doubt a bane for every developing country because it is one of the major factors which impedes the growth of a country and ultimately brings all development to a standstill,

Thank you!

Question 11.
“The Internet cannot replace a classroom teacher”. Write a debate in 150 – 200 words either for or ! against the motion.
Answer:
For The Motion Debate

Good morning, honourable judges, worthy audience and dear friends.

Classrooms are the most powerful spaces that exist in the world today. These leave a long lasting impact on the minds of individuals. As we move in a more globalized and technologically oriented world, the dilemma of morality, ethics and life is fast increasing and no Internet can answer these questions. Thus the topic that “Internet can’t replace a classroom teacher” has come at the most : appropriate time and I stand in favour of it.

The Internet or the virtual media can never answer the vastness and depth of questions that exist in the minds of the students. The Internet may give them information but it can’t teach them morality.

The bond between a teacher and a student is a human bond. It is a human connect which a computer can’t replace. The relationship between a teacher and a student is not just restricted to a classroom. A teacher is a person who is able to have a life long impact on the students. The teacher can scold, guide and understand a child’s emotions as he/she is growing up. This can’t be done by any virtual medium or by the Internet.

The essence of learning is to make individuals capable of coping with anger, anxiety, failure and success. The aim of education is to create responsible citizens which the Internet cannot do. It is only a teacher who takes full responsibility for nurturing the child.

The world today may have found its own “Google God” but the “Guru – Shishya” relationship can’t be replaced as the Internet cannot replace a classroom teacher.

Thank you

Against The Motion Debate

Good morning, honourable judges, worthy audience and dear friends.

In today’s fast moving world, where technology has taken over our lives in all ways possible, the modern-day teacher is the Internet and not the person teaching in the class. The view that ‘Internet can’t replace a classroom teacher’ is a thing of the past and is not valid today. Thus, I speak against the motion.

In today’s classroom, the students are much more aware of the world and life than the teacher is. The students have answers to all questions even before a teacher can answer them because all the answers today can be answered by the modern – day teacher, the Internet. Besides, the Internet can reach retnote areas where teachers have limited exposure to the latest.

The Internet serves not just as a teacher but as an entire library in itself. There is no question in the world which the Internet cannot answer. Internet has already replaced the classroom teacher as learning today is not dependent on the teacher. Thus, Internet has completely revolutionised the education system.

The decline in the number of talented and sincere teachers and the lack of willingness amongst people to become a teacher has paved the way for the Internet to become the new teacher. This is the main cause for the suffering of the education system but with Internet, as the new teacher, there is no problem of quality and consistency.

On the one hand, where students had to wait for the teachers to solve their doubts, now they can get their questions answered just by the click of a mouse. Their teacher is in their hands and always ready to solve their problems. The Internet is not just limited to the classroom like a teacher but it opens the world to students and allows them to learn.

Thank you

The following passage has not been edited. There is an error in each line against which a blank is given. Write the incorrect word and the corrected word in your answer sheet against the blank as given in the example. Underline the corrected word that has been supplied.

Looking for an easy way to Learning of new elementary english grammar and composition for class 7 answers, Solutions. You have to learn basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc… In this article, we will review the best English Grammer Topics and compare them against each other.

Editing Exercises for Class 7 CBSE With Answers PDF

Editing is a stage of the writing process in which a writer improves a draft by correcting errors and by making words and sentences clearer, more precise and more effective.

Fundamentals:

• Always follow PPACTS RULE while doing editing of the passage.
• PPACTS stands for P – Preposition, P – Pronoun, A – Article/determiner, C – Conjunction, T – Tense/Verb Forms (singular/plural), S – Spelling
• After reading the passage, identify the tense and see whether it is appropriate to the context.
• Check the subject-verb agreement.

Editing Exercises for Class 7 With Answers

In the passage given below there is an error in underlined each line. Write the incorrect word in the space provided and then write the correct word.

		Incorrect	Correct
Autumn are the season that falls between	a.	are	is
summer and winter. There are much changes	b.	much	many
that began in this fascinating season. Days become	c.	began	begin
shorter. Leaves of trees turns from green to	d.	turns	turn
vibrant red, yellow but orange. Almost every	e.	but	and
morning, the temperature reach the freezing point.	f.	reach	reaches

Editing Exercises for Class 7 CBSE

In the passage given below, there is an error underlined in each line. Write the incorrect word in the space provided and then write the correct word.

Editing Exercises for Class 7 CBSE Pdf 1

		Incorrect	Correct
Mickey Mouse are a cartoon character who	a.	…………………..	…………………..
have become an icon for the Walt Disney	b.	…………………..	…………………..
Company. It is created in 1928 by Walt Disney.	c.	…………………..	…………………..
Mickey’s popularity has grown above the world.	d.	…………………..	…………………..
Mickey never do anything immoral. This was	e.	…………………..	…………………..
due to her angelic nature. The first appearance	f.	…………………..	…………………..
of Mickey Mouse was at Plane Crazy on May 15, 1928.	g.	…………………..	…………………..

Editing Exercises for Class 7 CBSE Pdf 2

		Incorrect	Correct
Human enhances the quality at life and may	a.	…………………..	…………………..
relieve the body from so much health problems.	b.	…………………..	…………………..
In fact, humans is the only creatures on earth that	c.	…………………..	…………………..
are endowed with the ability in laugh.	d.	…………………..	…………………..
Regular laughter sessions would have important	e.	…………………..	…………………..
effects on our health but well being. Since laughter	f.	…………………..	…………………..
do affect the body, mind and spirit, the only thing	g.	…………………..	…………………..
you have to do to lead an happy life is LAUGH, as simple as that.	h.	…………………..	…………………..

Editing Exercises for Class 7 CBSE Pdf 3

		Incorrect	Correct
The Mother’s Day are celebrated	a.	…………………..	…………………..
on various days in many parts of a world, most	b.	…………………..	…………………..
commonly at March, April or May as a day to	c.	…………………..	…………………..
honour mothers and motherhood. In a UK	d.	…………………..	…………………..
and Ireland, it followed the old traditions of	e.	…………………..	…………………..
Mothering Sunday, celebrated on March/April.	f.	…………………..	…………………..

Editing Exercises for Class 7 CBSE Pdf 4

		Incorrect	Correct
An owl is a bird. There is two basic types of	a.	…………………..	…………………..
owls: typical owls and barn owls. Owls lives in	b.	…………………..	…………………..
almost every country at the world. Owls hunt for	c.	…………………..	…………………..
mice and other small mammals, insects but even	d.	…………………..	…………………..
fish. Owls should turn their heads 180 degrees. Many	e.	…………………..	…………………..
cultures believed that owls are unusually wise.	f.	…………………..	…………………..
However, owls probably does not interact with the	g.	…………………..	…………………..
fates of human for all.	h.	…………………..	…………………..

In this article, we are providing Dust of Snow Extra Questions and Answers PDF Class 10 English First Flight CBSE, Extra Questions for Class 10 English was designed by subject expert teachers.

Dust of Snow Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English First Flight

Extract Based Questions [3 Marks each]

Read the following extracts carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Question 1.
The house- the only one in the entire valley- sat on the crest of a low hill. From this height one could see the river and the field of ripe corn dotted with the flowers that always promised a good harvest. The only thing the Earth needed was a downpour or at least a shower. Throughout the morning Lencho who knew his fields intimately had done nothing else but see the sky towards the North-East. “Now we’re really going to get some water, woman. ” The woman who was preparing supper, replied, “Yes, God willing”.
(a) Where was Lencho’s house located?
(b) What was Lencho’s wife preparing?
(c) Find the word from the passage which means ‘very closely’.
(d) What does ‘Crest’ means?
Answer:
(a) Lencho’s house was located on the crest of a low hill.
(b) Lencho’s wife was preparing supper.
(c) The word is ‘Intimately’.
(d) Crest means the top part of a hill.

Question 2.
It was during the meal that, just as Lencho had predicted, big drops of rain began to fall. In the North-East huge mountains of clouds could be seen approaching. The air was fresh and sweet. The man went out for no other reason than to have the pleasure of feeling the rain on his body. CBSE 2012
(a) What could be seen approaching in the North-East?
(b) Why did Lencho go out?
(c) Give an antonym of the word Big.
(d) Which word in the passage is a synonym of ‘forecast’.

Answer:
(a) Huge mountains of clouds could be seen approaching in the North-East.
(b) Lencho went out to have the pleasure of feeling the rain on his body.
(c) The word is ‘small’.
(d) The word ‘predict’ is a synonym of forecast.

Question 3.
With a satisfied expression he regarded the field of ripe corn with its flowers, draped in a. curtain of rain. But suddenly a strong wind began to blow and alongwith the rain very large hailstones began to fall. These truly did resemble new silver coins. The boys, exposing themselves to the rain, ran out to collect the frozen pearls.
(a) What happened to the rain suddenly?
(b) ‘The frozen pearls’ refers to which thing in the paragraph.
(c) Find the similar meaning-of ‘contented’ in the paragraph.
(d) Find from the passage a word which means ‘to take after’.
Answer:
(a) The rain suddenly changed into hailstones.
(b) ‘The frozen pearls’ refers to hailstones.
(c) The word is ‘Satisfied’.
(d) The word is ‘Resemble’.

Question 4.
Not a leaf remained on the trees. The corn was totally destroyed. The flowers were gone from the plants. Lencho’s soul was filled with sadness. When the storm had passed, he stood in the middle of the field and said to his sons. “A plague of locusts would have left more than this. The hail has left nothing.
(a) Describe Lencho’s feeling as shown in the passage.
(b) What happened to the crop when the storm had passed?
(c) Find the word that means the opposite of ‘restored’ as used in the passage.
(d) What do you mean by ‘hail’ in the last line?
Answer:
(a) Lencho was filled with sadness when the storm had passed.
(b) The crop was completely destroyed when the storm had passed.
(c) The word is ‘destroyed’.
(d) ‘Hail’ is balls of ice that falls from the sky in the form of rain.

Question 5.
“That’s what they say: no one dies of hunger.” All through the night, Lencho thought only of his one hope: the help of God, whose eyes, as he had been instructed, see everything, even what is deep in one’s conscience. Lencho was an ox of a man, working like an animal in the fields, but still he knew how to write.     [CBSE 2014]
(a) What was Lencho’s only hope?
(b) How did Lencho work in the field?
(c) Find the exact word of similar meaning ‘moral sense’ given in the passage.
(d) Explain ‘an or of a man’.
Answer:
(a) Lencho’s only hope was the help of God.
(b) Lencho worked as an ‘ox’ in the field.
(c) The word is ‘conscience’.
(d) It means a man working hard like an ox or animal.

Question 6.
The postmaster- a fat, amiable fellow- also broke out laughing, but almost immediately he turned serious and tapping the letter on his desk, commented. “What faith! I wish I had the faith of the man who wrote this letter. Starting.up a correspondence with God!” So, in order ndt to shake the writer’s faith in God, the postmaster came up with an idea: answer the letter. But when he opened it, it was evident that to answer it he needed something more than goodwill, ink and paper. But he stuck to his resolution: he asked for money from his employees, he himself gave part of his salary and several friends of his vreie obliged io give something ‘for an act of charity’.
(a) What kind of a person the postmaster was?
(b) How did the postmaster help Lencho?
(c) Find the exact word in similar meaning ‘without delay’ given in the passage.
(d) Determination is synonymous with …………….
Answer:
(a) The postmaster was a fat, amiable and helpful fellow.
(b) The postmaster helped Lencho by collecting money from his employees and friends.
(c) The word is ‘Immediately’.
(d) Determination is synonym with Resolution.

Question 7.
The following Sunday, Lencho came a bit earlier than usual to ask if there was a letter for him. It was the postman himself who handed the letter to him while the postmaster, experiencing the contentment of a man who has performed a good deed, looked on from his office.
Lencho showed not the slightest surprise on seeing the money; such was his confidence, but he became angry when he counted the money. God could not have made a mistake, nor could he have denied Lencho what he had requested.
(a) Why did Lencho come earlier to the post office?
(b) Why wasLencho angry when he counted money?
(c) Find the word which means the opposite of permitted from the passage.
(d) Which word in the passage gives the meaning ‘that one will be successful one day’.
Answer:
(a) Lencho came earlier to the post office to know if there was a letter for him.
(b) Lencho was angry when he counted money as it was not the full amount that he had demanded from God.
(c) The word is ‘denied’.
(d) The word is ‘confidence’.

Question 8.
8. When he finished, he went to the window to buy a stamp which he licked and then affixed to the envelope with a blow of his fist. The moment the letter fell into the mailbox the postmaster went to open it. It said: “God: Of the money that I asked for, only seventy pesos reached me. Send me the rest, since I need it very much. But don’t send it to me through the mail because the post office employees are a ‘bunch of crooks’. Lencho.” CBSE 2016
(a) What did Lencho do wijh the stamp?
(b) What did the postmaster do when the letter fell into the mailbox and why?
(c) Find out the word which has the similar meaning as ‘attached’ used in the passage.
(d) Which word in the passage denotes a dishonest person?
Answer:
(a) Lencho licked and affixed the stamp to the envelope with a blow of his fist.
(b) The postmaster immediately opened the letter to know Lencho’s feeling for the money he had received.
(c) The word is ‘affixed’.
(d) The word is ‘crook’.

Short Answer Type Questions [2 Marks each]

Question 1.  
Who was Lencho? What were his main problems?    [ CBSE 2015]
Answer:
Lencho was a hardworking farmer, who lived on the crest of a low hill. Due to the hailstorm his crops were destroyed, so he needed money to sow his field again and support his family. These were the main problems of Lencho.

Question 2.
Give a brief description of the view from Lencho’s house?
Answer:
Lencho’s house was situated on the crest of a low hill and it was the only one in the valley. One could easily see the river and the field of ripe corn from here.

Question 3.
What did Lencho compare the raindrops to and why?      [CBSE 2011]
Answer:
Lencho compared the raindrops to new coins because the crop needed the rain badly and it was the sign of good harvest. Good harvest meant prosperity for Lencho as he needed the money to fulfil his basic needs.

Question 4.
Why did Lencho write a letter to God?
Answer:
When.Lencho’s crops were^completely destroyed by the hailstorm, he wrote a letter to God because he was the only hope in his despair. Lencho asked him to send hundred pesos to sow his field again and support his family.

Question 5.
Why and how did the postmaster help Lencho?
Answer:
The postmaster was determined to help Lencho. He did not want Lencho’s faith in God to be shaken so he asked his employees and friends to help Lencho.
He also contributed a part of his salary for this act of charity.

Question 6.
How much money did Lencho need? How . much did he get?
Answer:
Lencho got seventy pesos. He was angry at the difference as he needed hundred pesos to sow the crops again and to support his family till the next harvest.

Question 7.
Why did Lencho not want the money to be sent through mail?    [CBSE 2016]
Answer:
Lencho wrote in his second letter that he received only seventy pesos but he needed a hundred pesos.
He requested God not to send rest of the money by post since the post office employees were a bunch of crooks and would steal the money.

Question 8.
Do you think that Lencho was right to call the post office employees a bunch of crooks? Why or why not?
Answer:
Lencho called the post office employees a bunch of crooks as he did not get full money that he had demanded. He could not believe that God had sent him any less money so he doubted these people. But he was not right to call them a bunch of crooks.

Long Answer (Value Based) Type Questions [8 Marks each]

Question 1.
1. Who was Lencho and what circumstances forced him to write a letter to God?
Answer:
Lencho was a hardworking farmer who lived with his family on a crest of a low hill. He was very caring and God loving man. Though, he was a farmer he could read and write. Lencho eagerly waited for the rainfall in order to get good harvest and he became happy when it came. But the pleasing rain changed into hailstorm and destroyed his crop.
He became sad and was worried about his family as they might remain hungry that year. His last hope was the help from God as he had complete faith in him. Hence, he wrote a letter to God asking him to send hundred pesos to survive and to reharvest.

Question 2.
Give a character-sketch of Lencho.
Answer:
Lencho was a simple man and a hardworking farmer. He worked as an ox in his field.
Lencho’s entire crops were badly destroyed by the hailstorm. So, he became very sad as he was worried about his family. He was an optimistic person. Although his only source of living was taken away, he didn’t lose hope. He had his last hope in God. He was confident that God would help him in his distress. Lencho was an innocent atheist who didn’t know that there was no such living person as God who could send him money. He had blind faith in God and sought solution of his problem’Trom God only.

Question 3.
Sketch the character of the postmaster in the story ‘A Letter to God”.
or
How do you like ,the character of the postmaster in the story ‘A Letter to God?” Give reason for your answer.
Answer:
The postmaster was a fat and friendly fellow. He was a sensible human being. He first laughed looking at the letter which had a strange address. But soon he became serious. He was surprised at the faith that Lencho had in God. He wanted his faith not to be shaken.
The postmaster himself gave a part of his salary and also requested his employees and a few friends to contribute for charity. He felt happy and satisfied when Lencho received the money. This shows that he was a kind and empathetic person as well. He loved to help others.

Question 4.
How did the postmaster and post office employees help Lencho? How did he react to their help?
Answer:
The Postmaster and post office employees were very generous as they contributed for the act of charity. First they laughed when they saw Lencho’s letter to God, but soon they were impressed by his faith in God. They decided to send some money to Lencho so that his faith in God does not get shaken. They collected seventy pesos and sent it to Lencho.
When Lencho got the envelope and opened it to count money, he became angry. He again wrote a letter to God demanding the remaining thirty pesos. He thought that post office employees had taken away the remaining money and called them a bunch of crooks, which was not justified at all as they were the people who had helped him. But it shows his innocence and firm faith in God.

Question 5.
How did the hailstones affect Lencho’s field? What was Lencho’s only hope?
Answer:
Lencho, a hardworking farmer, worked like an ox for a good harvest, depended completely on his fields to take care of his family. He expected a good harvest that year. He needed a downpour for the crops to ripe, but the rain followed by hailstorm completely destroyed the crops.
It made him sad. He was worried for his family as he loved them so much. But Lencho had firm faith in God and believed that nobody died of hunger. So, he decided to seek help from God. He wrote a letter to God and asked him for a hundred pesos to survive and to sow new crop.

Question 6.
“Humanity still exists”, this is what we get to know after reading A letter to God’ in which firm faith in God of a poor farmer and helpfulness of the post office employees are aptly depicted thought. Write a paragraph on the values in it, in about 80-100 words. Give the paragraph a suitable title. CBSE 2012
Answer:
Existence of Humanity
After reading ‘A letter to God’, our faith in humanity stirs for strong. We learn from the story that there still are people who help others without any self interest. The postmaster and the post office employees lay an example for everyone of us to be kind. Though they all laughed at his letter, they were really moved by the grip of faith Lencho had in God. The way they all decided to help the stranger in his hard times restores our faith in the existence of humanity and motivates us to be a noble and kind person.

Question 7.
Describe Lencho’s qualities in light of his faith in God. Do you have faith in God like Lencho? Was Lencho’s reaction towards post office employees right?     [CBSE 2015]
Answer:
Lencho was a poor farmer who totally depended on the harvest to survive and fulfil basic needs of his family. Once his crops were destroyed due to heavy rainfall and hailstones and he was afraid to think how his family would survive. He believed that God would help him in this plight. He had firm faith in God, he believed that God would not let him be hungry.
Now-a-days faith in God like Lencho is almost impossible and unseen. People are very much aware that nobody is willing to help others without any self interest. Lencho’s reaction towards post office employees was not right or justified but it was just because of his innocence as he could not believe that God had done such a mistake. It were only the post office employees who had stolen money according to him.

For More Resources

• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English
• CBSE Class 10 English First Flight Chapter Wise Question Bank
• CBSE Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter Wise Question Bank
• CBSE Class 10 English First Flight Extra Questions
• CBSE Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Extra Questions
• CBSE Revision Notes for Class 10 English First Flight
• CBSE Revision Notes for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet

Should Wizard hit Mommy Important Questions CBSE Class 12 English

Short Answer Type Questions (3 Marks, 30-40 words)

Question.1. Why did Roger Skunk go to see the old owl? (All India 2014)
or
Why did Roger Skunk go to visit the old owl? (Compartment 2014)
Answer. Roger Skunk was unhappy with his bad smell because of which all the woodland creatures would run away from him and no one would play with him. Thus, Roger Skunk went to the old wise owl to seek a sojution for this problem.

Question.2. Why did Jo think that Skunk’s mommy was stupid? (Foreign 2014)
or
How did Jo want the Wizard to behave when mommy Skunk approached him?
(Delhi 2010)
Answer. According to Jo, Roger Skunk was happy with his new smell of roses and should have been allowed to retain it. As a child, Jo related herself to Roger and disapproved of Mother Skunk taking him to the Wizard to get back his old foul smell. Thus, Jo considered the Skunk’s mommy stupid and wanted the Wizard to hit her on her head.

Question.3. How does Jo want the story to end? (Compartment 2014, All India 2012)
or
How did Jo want the story of Roger Skunk to end? (All India 2009)
or
How does Jo want the story to end and why? (Delhi 2008)
Answer. Jo wanted the story to end with the Wizard hitting the mother of Roger Skunk with his magic wand. She disapproved of Mother Skunk taking Roger to the Wizard to get back his old foul smell. According to her, Roger was happy with his new smell of roses and should have been allowed to retain it.

Question.4. Why does Jack insist that it was the Wizard that was hit and not the mother?
(Compartment 2014)
Answer. Jack insisted that it was the Wizard who was hit and not the mother as he wanted to send out a message that parents are the most genuine well-wishers of a child and their decisions are final. He did.not want to give the child the freedom to go against his mother, which he knew would become a wrong precedent.

Question.5. How was the Skunk’s story different from the other stories narrated by Jack?
(Delhi 2014)
Answer. The other stories narrated by Jack would end with the protagonist-some animal named Roger taking the help of the Wizard to solve his problem. However the Skunk’s story ended on a different note, where Roger’s mother took him back to the Wizard and got his smell changed again. Thus, in this regard the Skunk’s story was different from the other stories narrated by Jack.

Question.6. What did Jo want the Wizard to do when Mommy Skunk approached him? (Delhi 2013)
Answer. Roger smelt very bad. Everybody teased him by calling him ‘Stinky Skunk’. Nobody wanted to play with him. The Wizard gave him the smell of roses. He was very happy. But Mother Skunk thought otherwise, went to to the Wizard, hit him on the head and asked him to change back Roger’s smell to what it was earlier.This made Jo very angry. She wanted that the Wizard should hit Mommy Skunk right back on her head for being insensitive to Roger’s problem.

Question.7. Why does Jo insist that her father should tell her the story with a different ending?
(All India 2013)
Answer. Jo, being a child, fails to accept the harsh realities of life. According to her, Roger Skunk was happy with the smell of roses. She did not want him to smell bad. That is why she insisted that her father should le-tell the story wherein the Wizard hits Mommy Skunk and does not change Roger’s smell back.

Question.8. How did the Wizard help Roger Skunk? (Delhi 2012)
Answer. After listening to the misery of Roger Skunk, the Wizard invited him inside his house and with the help of his magic wand made him smell like roses. Roger Skunk was unhappy with his unpleasant smell because of which no other creature played with him. He went to the Wizard to seek a solution for this problem. After listening to his misery, the Wizard invited him in and with the help of his magic wand made him smell like roses.

Question.9. What part of the story did Jack himself enjoy the most and why? (Delhi 2011)
Answer. Jack enjoyed telling the story of a small creature usually named Roger. Every story had a wise old owl and a Wizard with a magic wand, who solved the protagonist’s problem. He particularly enjoyed the part when he changed his voice to that of an old man, imitating the Wizard’s voice.

Question.10. Why was Roger Skunk’s mommy angry? (Foreign 2011)
or
Why was Roger Skunk’s mommy angry with him? What did she finally tell him?
(Delhi 2010)
Answer. When Roger Skunk reached home smelling like roses, his mother was unhappy and asked him about it. When Roger told her the truth, she was annoyed.
She told him that Skunks are born with a particular smell and she wanted him to retain his natural smell. She wanted him to keep his identity intact and not feel humiliated to carry one’s distinct feature with pride and self-regard.

Question.11.Why did Jo think Roger Skunk was better off with the new smell? (Delhi 2010)
Answer. While listening to the story, Jo identified herself with Roger. Since Roger was happy with the new smell, she wanted him to be in the way he was happy. She had an independent viewpoint and^ wanted things according to her outlook.

Question.12.How did the Roger Skunk’s mother get his old smell back? (All India 2008)
Answer. When Roger Skunk reached home smelling like roses, his mother asked him about it. On hearing the truth, she got infuriated and took her baby back to the Wizard and asked him to return his original smell and also hit him on his head. That is how Roger Skunk’s mother got Roger’s old smell back.
Long Answer Type Questions (6 Marks, 120-150 words)

Long Answer Type Questions (6 Marks, 120-150 words)

Question.13.Why is an adult’s perspective on life different from that of a child’s? (All India 2010)
Answer. An adult’s view of life is different from that of a child. It is more realistic, practical and matter-of-fact due to an adult’s myriad experiences in life. In contrast to this, the child views the world with rose-coloured glasses. It is a utopian world untouched by the hard realities of life. Thus, a child’s views is very naive as compared to that of an adult.
Jack, the father in the story “Should Wizard Hit Mommy?” told a story which was similar to one of his own childhood experiences. Through it, he wanted to convey to his daughter Jo that whatever parents say or do for their children is in their best interest. However, Jo thought from the narrow perspective of a child and wanted an ending different from what Jack had narrated.

Question.14.Why did Jo disapprove of back’s ending of the story of Roger Skunk? How did she
want it to end? (Delhi 2009)
Answer. Jo was an avid listener of stories. She was always aware, inquisitive and alert during the story telling sessions. Jo was shocked and surprised by the twist in the version of her father’s story and this was utterly unacceptable to her. She emphasised that the mother was wrong in getting Roger back his original smell. According to her, if her son was being happily accepted by his playmates, he should have been allowed to retain it. As a child, Jo lived in her own beautiful world limited to her friends.
She put herself in place of Roger and wanted an ending different from what Jack had given to the story. Jo believed that Mother Skunk should have been hit by the Wizard for being ‘stupid’ enough to be insensitive to Roger Skunk’s feelings.

Question.15.What impression do you form of Jack as a father?  (Delhi 2009)
Answer. Jack was a father of a small four year old girl, Jo. He was a very loving, caring and an / affectionate father, who used to tell his daughter a story out of his imagination every day. Since his daughter was very inquistive and used to ask many questions, he had to be ready with the answers. He was a good storyteller, but was often found caught in an ugly middle position, when he had no answers to his daughter’s questions.
As a part of good parenting, he tried his level best to prove his point and satisfy his daughter’s queries. To sum up, we can infer that Jack was a very good father, who believed in giving a child the best care and understanding.

Important Questions for Class 12 English

Factual passages: convey information in a straightforward and direct manner about a particular subject. Usually, the language and style are simple and clear. Factual passages may give instructions or descriptions or report of an event or a new finding.

Looking for an easy way to learn English Grammar? then you are in right place. Here we providing basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc…

Unseen Passage for Class 10 Factual CBSE With Answers

Unseen Passage With Answers for Class 10 CBSE

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 1
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

High-altitude climbing is still a very dangerous task in spite of the availability of oxygen masks and other protective equipment, which modern climbers take with them. These, of course, are indispensable accessories of climbing, but more important than these is the stamina of the climber, which ultimately determines the success of his attempt. Throughout his journey, death is his constant companion, which he can keep at a distance only with his superb presence of mind.

He has to tread every inch of the ground with utmost care, for a false step may not only strike him a fatal blow, but also bring disaster to the whole expedition. That is why all expeditions invariably take with them local guides who are experienced climbers and who have a thorough knowledge of the nature of the terrain. Moreover, a huge amount of capital is needed for financing these expeditions, and this is generally provided by governments or rich private organisations.

The primary object of a mountaineering expedition is to get to the top of a high mountain, which, in the past has withstood all attempts to conquer it. But it should not be presumed that the expedition is a complete failure if it does not reach its destination. Sometimes operations are temporarily suspended because of bad weather, loss of some valuable equipment or the sudden death of a very important member of the party.

Every big expedition takes with it men who are interested in botany, biology, geology and various other branches of science, and these men carry with them equipment for recording their observations concerning the weather, the terrain, and different forms of life in higher altitudes. Other scientists, explorers and expeditionists utilise the fruits of their observations. Thus, every unsuccessful expedition contributes to the success of later expeditions.

The British Expedition led by Colonel Hunt would have found their way to Everest much more difficult had not earlier expeditions armed them with useful knowledge about the death-dealing weather which they had to encounter in the vicinity of the summit.

To ordinary people, mountaineering need not be a fearfuljourney in the land of snowstorms, where the brave adventurer is always face to face with death. They can scale less ambitious heights, rest their weary limbs under a quiet shelter and feast their eyes in the distant landscape. In the company of friends they can enjoy an outing near a waterfall or cross into the next valley with haversacks full of provisions dangling from their shoulders. All those who can afford to go to hill station should seek this innocent pleasure, for it can be had without any risk to life or limb.

Answer the following questions briefly:

(i) What determines the success of the climbers?
(ii) What accessories does a climber have to be equipped with?
(iii) How useful are the local guides in these expeditions?
(iv) How does an unsuccessful expedition contribute?
(v) How is mountaineering different for ordinary people?
(vi) Why are expeditions sometimes suspended?
(vii) How should the terrain climbers tread every inch of their climb?
(viii) What precautions should the climbers take during their journey?
Answer:
(i) The stamina of the climbers determines the success of their attempt.
(ii) A climber has to be equipped with oxygen masks and other protective equipment.
(iii) The local guides are experienced climbers and also have a thorough knowledge of the nature of the terrain.
(iv) An unsuccessful expedition contributes to the success of later expeditions.
(v) They can scale less ambitious heights, rest their weary limbs, feast their eyes in the distant landscape in the company of their friends.
(vi) They are suspended due to bad weather, loss of some valuable equipment or sudden death of a very important member.
(vii) Terrain climbers should tread every inch of their climb with utmost care.
(viii) They should seek guidance of local guides during their journey.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 2
Read the passage carefully.

We give undue importance to our health and the treatment of diseases. A large number of medicines treat only the symptoms of the disease, and not the root cause. In fact, the cause of many chronic ailments is still being researched. It is here that Yoga therapy comes to our assistance. Yoga emphasizes treatment of the root cause of an ailment. It works in a slow, subtle and miraculous manner. Modern medicine can claim to save a life at a critical stage, but, for complete recovery and regaining of normal health, one must believe in the efficiency of Yoga therapy.

The Yogic way of life includes a code of ethics, regulations, discipline, combined with prayer and meditation. Even a discussion of these subjects helps one relieve mental tensions and change attitudes. Simple Asanas help to stretch and relax the whole body and release tensions. The sincere practice of Yoga postures is beneficial , for the mind and body.

The continued practice of Yoga has a profound effect on the inner dimensions of life. Yoga aims at developing the mental, physical, spiritual and emotional facilities. Other formsof physical exercises, like aerobics, assure only physical well-being. They have little to do with the development of the soul and mind.

Answer the following questions briefly:
(i) What do most of the medicines treat?
(ii) What does the phrase ‘Chronic ailments’ refer to?
(iii) How is yoga different from other forms of treatment?
(iv) What does the yogic way of life include?
(v) How does ‘Simple Asanas’ help?
(vi) How does sincere practice of yoga benefit us?
(vii) How does yoga therapy work?
(viii) Is yoga better than physical exercises? Why?
Answer:
(i) Most of the medicines treat only the symptoms and not the root cause.
(ii) They are Diseases that are recurrent and last, for a long time.
(iii) It emphasises on the treatment of the root cause of an ailment.
(iv) The yogic way of life code of ethics, regulations includes discipline, prayer and meditation.
(v) Simple asanas help to stretch and relax the whole body and release tensions.
(vi) Sincere practice of yoga is beneficial for the mind, body and concentration.
(vii) It works in a slow, subtle and miraculous manner.
(viii) Yoga aims at developing the physical, mental, spiritual and emotional faculties where as physical exercises only develop the body.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 3
Read the passage carefully.

Just by the use of colours you can balance your diet. All you need to do is to pay a little attention to the food you eat. Nutrition experts strongly recommend adding colours to your diet. Sweets and candy bars are generally colourful, but remember they do not contain natural colours and hence are not healthy. The key solution is a variety of naturally coloured foods. The deeper the colour, the greater the benefits.

Getting more colours in your diet doesn’t mean you have to drastically change your current eating habits. Have a glass of 100% juice in the morning. Keep a mix of dried fruits on hand for a quick snack. Grab an apple or banana on your way out. Include at least two vegetables in your dinner. Get into the habit of starting your dinner with a salad. Eat fruit for dessert. Always add greens to sandwiches.

Most red fruits and vegetables contain antioxidants, which offer protection against ultraviolet rays and cancer, and helps to prevent urinary tract infections and diseases related to the circulatory system. Green vegetables along with being appealing possess excellent antioxidant properties that protect the eyes by keeping the retina in good condition and reduce the risk of cancerous tumours.

The orange and yellow group is rich in beta-carotene, an antioxidant that improves cell communication and thereby helps to stop the spread of cancer. While the blue and purple group adds an element of richness to your plate, influences the pineal gland (the third eye) and the nervous system. The white group contains sulphur compounds that protect the DNA and flavonoids, an antioxidant that protects cell membranes.

Therefore, the more colourful your diet is, the better equipped your immune system would be to cope with diseases.

Complete the following sentences:
(i) ___________ can balance one’s diet.
(ii) Sweets and candy bars ___________ so they are unhealthy.
(iii) One should substitute ___________ for pudding at the end of a meal.
(iv) Antioxidants help to ___________.
(v) The word ‘drastically’ in Paragraph I means ___________
(vi) Green vegetables reduce the risk of ___________.
(vii) Blue aind purple vegetables add ___________ in plate.
(viii) Colourful diet helps our ___________ to cope with ___________.
Answer:
(i) use of colours.
(ii) do not contain natural colours.
(iii) fruits.
(iv) offer protection against ultraviolet rays and cancer and help to prevent urinary tract infection and circulatory system diseases
(v) sudden, serious or violent measures.
(vi) cancerous tumours and keep the retina in good condition.
(vii) an element of richness.
(viii) immune system; diseases.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 4
Read the passage carefully.

Spices bring to mind images of tempting cuisine, fascinating voyages and the bitter struggle for independence. Expressions like ‘variety is the spice of life’ and ‘sugar and spice and all that is nice’, explain how spices play upon the literary abilities of men of letters.

To orientals, spices are indeed the soul of their food. In the western world, it evokes dreams of exotic tropical islands, exciting expeditions, and the rise and fall of empires. Columbus went westwards in 1492, from Europe, to find a sea route to the land of spices, but found the New World. Eight years later, Vasco da Gama went round Africa and touched Kozhikode on the south west coast of India. Long before that, Arabs started trading with the Orients through land routes. During the 13th century, Marco Polo began the travelling and experienced attraction of spices. The European conquests and trade arrangement in India and the East Indies also have a lot to do with spices.

Thousands of years ago, great masters of Ayurveda notably Susruta and Charaka discussed in detail the uses of spices for culinary and medicinal purposes. Enterprising soldiers of fortune carried the knowledge of spices to Egypt. There they used spices and aromatic herbs in food, medicine, cosmetics and for embalming. The conquest of Egypt and Asia by Alexander the Great, made spices an article of commercial value in the Mediterranean countries and central and northern Europe. There are reports of pepper being used in the preservation of meat, and to mask the unpleasant odour of stale meat available after the long winter storage.

Hippocrates, the father of modern medicine, and Theophrastus, a Greek scholar and botanist, wrote treatises on medicinal plants, including spices.

Answer the following questions briefly:
(i) Why do spices fascinate people?
(ii) What does “Variety is the spice of life” mean?
(iii) Where did Columbus want to reach?
(iv) What is meant by ‘cuisine’?
(v) What did Susruta and Charaka discuss in detail?
(vi) What made spices an article of commercial value in Mediterranean countries?
(vii) Who have written treatises on medicinal plants, including spices?
(viii) The word in the passage that means ‘interesting’ is ___________.
Answer:
(i) They bring to mind images of tempting cuisine, fascinating voyages and the bitter struggle for independence.
(ii) It means that life becomes exciting when we adopt to change.
(iii) Columbus wanted to reach the land of spices.
(iv) Refers to different styles of cooking.
(v) They discussed the use of spices for culinary and medical purposes in detail.
(vi) The conquest of Egypt and Asia by Alexander the Great made species an article of commercial value in Mediterranean countries.
(vii) Hippocrates, the father of modern medicine, and Theophrastus, a Greek scholar and botanist, wrote treatises on medicinal plants, including spices.
(viii) fascinating.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 5
Read the passage carefully.

Demonetization refers to an economic policy where a certain currency unit leases to be used as a legal tender. It occurs whenever there is a change in the national currency: The existing form or forms of money is pulled from circulation and retired, to be replaced with new notes or coins. Sometimes, a country completely replaces the old currency with new currency.

On 8 November, 2016, the Indian government decided to demonetize the 500 and 1000 rupee notes, the two biggest denominations in its currency system. These notes accounted for 86% of the country’s circulating cash. With little warning, India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced to the citizenry that these notes would be rendered immediately ineffective with immediate effect. People were given time till the end of the year to deposit or exchange them for newly introduced 2000 rupee and 500 rupee notes.

The government’s goal was to combat India’s thriving underground economy on several fronts: eradicate counterfeit currency, fight tax evasion (only 1% of the population pays taxes), eliminate black money accumulated from money laundering and terrorist¬financing activities, and to promote a cashless economy. Individuals and entities with huge sums of black money Acquired from parallel cash systems were forced to take their large- denomination notes to a bank, and account for them satisfactorily and submit proof if tax paid. If the owner could not provide proof of making any tax payments on the cash, he possessed a penalty of 200% on the tax due was imposed.

Demonetisation had a severe impact on the gold market. The extraordinary demand for the yellow metal, made a stiff hike in the cost. However, the Government made it mandatory that every buyer had to submit his/her PAN card details for purchases made. Erring jewelers were brought to book.

Many Indians switched to alternative payment methods. The biggest gainers \yere mobile wallet companies that offered easy transactions through a large network of partners. Alibaba-backed Paytm saw a sevenfold increase in overall traffic. Prepaid cash cards were another option that the customers found useful. Other alternatives were mobile payment systems linked to e-commerce businesses like Ola Money, FreeCharge, Flipkart Wallet.

Answer the following questions briefly:
(i) What is meant by demonetization?
(ii) When did the government demonetize the 500-and 1000-rupee notes?
(iii) What announcement did Prime Minister Narendra Modi make on Nov. 8?
(iv) What did the government want to accomplish by the demonetization?
(v) When was a penalty of 200% imposed?
(vi) Explain the idiom, ‘brought to book’.
(vii) Find a word in the passage which means ‘to provide or supply’.
(viii) Which were the alternate payment methods available for Indians post demonetization?
Answer:
(i) Demonetization refers to an economic policy where a certain currency unit leases to be used as a legal tender.
(ii) The government demonetized the 500-and 1000-rupee notes on Nov. 8,2016.
(iii) Prime Minister Modi announced that the 500- and 1000- rupee notes would be rendered ineffective immediately. The Indian citizenry were given time till the end of the year to deposit or exchange them for the newly introduced 2000 rupee and 500 rupee notes.
(iv) The government wanted to eradicate counterfeit currency, fight tax evasion, eliminate black money amassed from money laundering and terrorist-financing activities, and to promote a cashless economy.
(v) If the owner could not provide proof of making any tax payments on the cash he possessed, a penalty of 200% on tax due was imposed.
(vi) to be punished officially under the law.
(vii) Furnish.
(viii) The Indians started using the services of mobile wallet companies (Alibaba-backed Paytm) and prepaid cash cards. The other alternatives include mobile payment systems linked to e-commerce businesses like Ola Money, FreeCharge, Flipkart Wallet.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 6
Read the passage carefully.

English is a West Germanic Language that was first spoken in the early medieval England. It has now acquired the status of being the 3rd most widely Spoken Language in the world.

Therefore, the need to be proficient in the language is becoming necessary for every one who has a dream.

How can one gain proficiency in any language? Most certainly by following the LSRW technique, i.e. listening, speaking, reading and writing. Engage with people who are conversant with the language and assimilate what you hear, one at a time. Do not let adversities dampen your progress. “Rome was not built in a day”. Develop your speaking skills gradually. To acquire mastery in the language, one needs to venture on to next step which is extensive reading.

Moving from simple to complex, according to personal preferences. This will help you learn more words and their meanings. Once your vocabulary is developed, experiment with your writing skills. Soon you will find yourself confident, comfortable and fluent with using the language.

Answer the following questions briefly:
(i) Pen down two specialities of the English language?
(ii) How can we acquire proficiency in a language?
(iii) Explain “Rome was not built in a day”.
(iv) How can one build up one’s vocabulary?
(v) What can dampen your progress?
(vi) What is the strategy to be used to develop reading skills?
(vii) Find the synonym of – of the middle ages, (in Para 1)
(viii) Find the synonym of Skillfulness, (in Para 2)
Answer:
(i) English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in the early medieval England. It has now acquired the
status of being the 3rd most widely spoken language in the world.
(ii) Most certainly by following the LSRW technique, i.e. listening, speaking, reading and writing. Engage with people who are conversant with the language, and assimilate what you hear, one at a time.
(iii) This expression means that no task can be accomplished easily or in a short period of time.
(iv) Reading and understanding word meanings will develop one’s vocabulary.
(v) Adversities can dampen your spirits.
(vi) Moving from simple to complex, according to personal preferences. This will help you learn more words and their meanings.
(vii) Medieval
(viii) Proficiency

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 7
Read the passage carefully.

A Norwegian Mathematician Vejomo-Johansson of the KTH Royal Institute of Stockholm, Sweden developed an interest in a unique concept — the technique of knotting a tie and recorded 17,147 of doing so. It is curiosity on the subject increased after viewing a video on YouTube by a film celebrity, on the technique of knotting a tie adopted by the characters in the Matrix film series and in Merovingian series.

To gain further knowledge in the subject, his research led him to the earlier findings of 85 techniques that were recorded at the University of Cambridge, by the experts Yong Mao and Thomas Fink. They had not considered the fancy styles in their study which accounted for the poor count.

They had considered only the normal, traditional and conventional ways of knotting a tie and had used ordinary everyday language to define their work. Johansson discovered that this common methodology was not used in the Matrix series, that involved several tucks, many folds and edges. He eventually set about rewriting the process by including numerous expressions that explained more elaborately different ways of knotting a tie.

Subsequently, tie wearers have been provided with a variety of options to choose from to complete their office attire.

Answer the following questions briefly:

(i) What is the researcher referring to in the passage?
(ii) To which faculty does the researcher belong and what is his name?
(iii) Who were the researchers from Cambridge?
(iv) Mention the drawbacks of their research.
(v) What inspired Johansson to do research?
(vi) What special technique was used in the Matrix series?
(vii) Identify the word that means special and unusual in para 1.
(viii) Identify the word need for ‘describe in a detailed manner,’ in para 3.
Answer:
(i) He is referring to the technique of knotting a tie.
(ii) He is a Mathematician by the name Vejomo Johansson.
(iii) the researchers from Cambridge were Yong Mao and Thomas Fink.
(iv) They had not considered the fancy styles of knotting a tie.
(v) The Cambridge researchers got a poor count, and had used everyday language to define their work. This discovery inspired Johansson to do research.
(vi) Matrix series included many tucks, several folds and edges.
(vii) Unique
(viii) Elaborately.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 8
Read the following passage carefully.

My grandmother’s house is like a chambered sea shell it has many rooms, yet it is not a mansion. Its proportions are small and its design simple. It is a house that has grown organically, according to the needs of its inhabitants. To all of us in the family it is known as la casa de Mama. It is the place of our origin ; the stage for our memories and dreams of Island life.

I remember how in my childhood it sat on stilts ; this was before it had a downstairs-it rested on its perch like a great blue bird-not a flying sort of bird, more like a nesting hen, but with spread wings. Grandfather had built it soon after their marriage. He was a painter and house builder by trade-a poet and meditative man by nature. As each of their eight children were born, new rooms were added. After a few years, the paint didn’t exactly match, nor the materials, so that there was a chronology to it, like the rings of a tree, and Mama could tell you the history of each room in her casa, and thus the genealogy of the family along with it.

Her own room is the hjeart of the house. Though I have seen it recently- and both woman and room have diminished in size, changed by the new perspective of my eyes, now capable of looking over countertops and tall beds-it is not this picture I carry in my memory of Mama’s casa. Instead, I see her room as a queen’s chamber where a small woman loomed large, a throne room with a massive four poster bed in its center, which stood taller than a child’s head.

It was on this bed, where her own children had been born, that the smallest grandchildren were allowed to take naps in the afternoons ; here too was where Mama secluded herself to dispense private advice to her daughters, sitting on the edge of the bed, looking down at whoever sat on the rocker where generations of babies had been sung to sleep. To me she looked like a wise empress right out of the fairy tales I was addicted to reading.

And there was the monstrous wardrobe she kept locked with a little golden key she did not hide. This was a test of her dominion over us ; though my cousins and I wanted a look inside that massive wardrobe more than anything, we never reached for that little key lying on top of her Bible on the dresser. This was also where she placed her earrings and rosary when she took them off at night. God’s word was her security system. This wardrobe was the place where I imagined she kept jewels, satin slippers, and elegant silk, sequined gowns of heartbreaking fineness.

I lusted after those imaginary costumes. I had heard that Mama had been a great beauty in her youth, and the belle of many balls. My cousins had ideas as to what she kept in that wooden vault : its secret could be money (Mama’s did not hand cash to strangers, banks were out of the question, so there were stories that her mattress was stuffed with dollar bills, and that she buried coins in jars in her garden under rose-bushes, or kept them in her untouched wardrobe there might be that legendary gun salvaged from the Spanish American conflict over the Island. We went wild over suspected treasures that we made up simply because children have to fill locked trunks with something wonderful.

Answer the following questions briefly:

(i) What was the la casa de Mama in the family?
(ii) What did the changing face of the house reflect?
(iii) Briefly explain the structure of Grandmother’s house.
(iv) How did the narrator’s Grandmother assert herself?
(v) Why did Mama not keep the little golden key hidden?
(vi) What had the author heard of Mama as a young woman?
(vii) Find the word from the passage – authority/control (para 4)
(viii) Find the word from the passage – a string of beads to count prayers (para 4)
Answer:
(i) To all of us in the family it is known as la casa de Mama. It is the place of our origin; the stage for our memories and dreams of Island life.
(ii) In his childhood, it sat on stilts; this was before it had a downstairs—it rested on its perch like a great blue bird-not a flying sort of bird, more like a nesting hen, but with spread wings. As each of their eight children was born, new rooms were added. So that there was a chronology to it, like the rings of a tree.
(iii) My grandmother’s house is like a chambered sea shell; it has many rooms, yet it is not a mansion. Its proportions are small and its design simple. It is a house that has grown organically, according to the needs of its inhabitants.
(iv) There was the monstrous wardrobe Mama kept locked with a little golden key she did not hide. This was a test of her dominion over us.
(v) We never reached for tha) little key lying on the top of her Bible on the dresser. God’s word was her security system.
(vi) I had heard that Mama had been a great beauty in her youth, and the belle of many balls.
(vii) Dominion
(viii) Rosary.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 9
Read the passage carefully.

In the early 1920’s, settlers came to Alaska looking for gold. They travelled by boat to the coastal towns of Seward and Knik, and from there by land into the gold fields. The trail they used to travel inland is known today as the Iditarod Trail, one of the National Historic Trails designated by the Congress of the United States. The Iditarod Trail quickly became a major thoroughfare in Alaska, as the mail and supplies were carried across this Trail. People also used it to get from place to place, including the priests, ministers, and judges who had to travel between villages. In the winter, the settlers’ only means of travel down this trail was via dog sled.

Once the gold rush ended, many gold-seekers went back to where they had come from, and suddenly there was much less travel on the Iditarod Trail. The introduction of the airplane in the late 1920’s meant dog teams were no longer the standard mode of transportation, and of course with the airplane carrying the mail and supplies, there was less need for land travel in general. The final blow to the use of the dog teams was the appearance of snowmobiles.

By the mid 1960’s, most Alaskans didn’t even know the Iditarod Trail existed, or that dog teams had played a crucial role in Alaska’s early settlements. Dorothy G. Page, a self- made historian, recognized how few people knew about the former use of sled dogs as working animals and about the Iditarod Trail’s role in Alaska’s colourful history. To raise awareness about this aspect of Alaskan history, she came up with the idea to have a dog sled race over the Iditarod Trail. She presented her idea to an enthusiastic musher, as dog sled drivers are known, named Joe Redington, Sr. Soon the Pages and the Redingtons were working together to promote the idea of the Iditarod race.

Many people worked to make the first Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race a reality in 1967. The Aurora Dog Mushers’ Club, along with men from the Adult Camp in Sutton, helped clear years of overgrowth from the first nine miles of the Iditarod Trail. To raise interest in the race, a $25,000 purse was offered, with Joe Redington donating one acre of his land to help raise the funds. The short race, approximately 27 miles long, was put on a second time in 1969.

After these first two successful races, the goal was to lengthen the race a little further to the ghost town of Iditarod by 1973. However in 1972, the U.S. Army reopened the trail as a winter exercise, and so in 1973, the decision was made to take the race all the way to the city of Nome- over 1,000 miles. There were many who believed it could not be done and that it was crazy to send a bunch of mushers out into the vast, uninhabited Alaskan wilderness. But the race went on! Twenty-two mushers finished that year, and to date over 400 people have completed it.

Answer the following questions briefly:

(i) Mention two ways by which the Iditarod trail was used.
(ii) How was the dog team replaced?
(iii) Who created an awareness of Alaskan history?
(iv) What was the role of the US army?
(v) Who is a musher? .
(vi) What is the role of the US army in the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race?
(vii) Give the meaning of following word: Designated
(viii) Through fare (Para 1)
Answer:
(i) The Iditarod Trail quickly became a major throughfare in Alaska, as the mail and supplies were carried across this. Trail. People also used it to get from place to place.
(ii) The introduction of the airplane in the late 1920’s meant dog teams were no longer the standard mode of transportation. The final blow to the use of the dog teams was the appearance of snowmobiles.
(iii) Dorothy G. Page, a self-made historian, raised awareness about the Iditarod trail role of Alaskan history. She came up with the idea to have a dog sled race over the Iditarod Trail.
(iv) In 1972, the U.S. Army reopened the trail as a winter exercise, and so in 1973, the decision was made to take the race all the way to the city of Nome over 1,000 miles.
(v) A dog sled driver.
(vi) Cleared the entire trail of about 1,000 miles all the way to Nome.
(vii) Chosen/selected.
(viii) Main road.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 10
Read the passage carefully.

1. After water, tea is the most popular beverage in the world. Its popularity has survived thousands of years and has played an important role in many cultures. It is enjoyed both hot and cold, as a refreshing drink, as part of a ceremony, or as a tonic for improved health.

2. The drink of Asia for hundreds of years, tea is believed to have been brought to Europe by the Dutch. Today, from remote Ladakh in India to Buckingham Palace in. London, tea is synonymous with cheer. It is rightly said that there will be no agreement on a perfect cup of Jea. Though for tea drinkers the brew is addictive, the preferred method of preparation and taste differ from person to person and region to region. From traditional black teas, to the newer, and extraordinarily healthy white teas, and recognisable flavoured teas such as Earl Grey, to exotic blends such as Rooibos Love, there is a flavour and a blend for everyone. Today many varieties of tea and tea brands are available in the market. An innovation is the tea-bag that is easy, quick and less messy than traditional ways of brewing tea. Green tea is popular in China and the Far East.

3. In Japan, the tea ceremony is a traditional way of greeting guests and is a social occasion. Unlike the tea we are familiar with, green tea is not drunk with sugar or milk. It is an olive-coloured liquid served in porcelain cups. In Morocco, green tea is infused with freshly plucked mint.

4. Some scientists believe tea prevents tooth decay because it is a rich source of fluoride.

5. Tea is also a folk remedy for stomach upsets, flu and diarrhoea. Tea is also said to have antioxidants that fight cancer and also has anti-ageing properties ‘that fight the free radicals in our bodies. Research suggests that drinking tea reduces the risk of heart disease and cancer and lowers cholesterol levels in the blood.

6. A welcome thought for inveterate tea drinkers. Tea is the new apple-a-day to keep the doctor away.

Answer the following questions briefly:

(i) Who introduced tea to Europe?
(ii) What does the line “Tea is synonymous with cheer” mean?
(iii) What is the new and convenient way of making tea?
(iv) Where is the tea ceremony a way of greeting guests?
(v) How are the fluoride useful in tea?
(vi) Whom do you call ‘an inveterate tea drinker’?
(vii) What are the benefits of drinking tea?
(viii) Where is ‘Green tea’ popular?
Answer:
(i) The Dutch introduced tea to Europe.
(ii) A cup of tea makes people healthy and happy.
(iii) New and convenient way of making tea is by using tea bags.
(iv) In Japan tea ceremony is a way of greeting guests.
(v) Fluoride in tea prevents tooth decay.
(vi) An inveterate tea drinker is one who uses tea as a beverage habitually or is a habitual tea drinker.
(vii) It is a remedy for stomach upsets, flu and diarrhoea. It is an antioxidant that fights cancer and also has anti-ageing properties that fight the free radicals in our bodies.
(viii) Green tea is popular in China.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 11
Read the passage carefully.

Education of a child starts from the family and mother is the first teacher. But, the irony in India is that although the deity of education is a female i.e. Goddess Saraswati according to the Hinduism, innumerable number of women are illiterate. They do not remain uneducated by their own wish but they are forbidden from receiving education because of the patriarchal system in our society. Right from the early Vedic period people have been celebrating the birth of a son, but in those days daughters born into a family were not neglected but were educated properly.

However, the scene changed during the later Vedic Age and the daughters were considered a social burden. Only the girls belonging to upper class families enjoyed the right of education and got proper nourishment. In medieval period the conditions deteriorated for the females and even in royal families. Girl could not get the same status as the boys. In Muslim households they were taught at their homes while Hindu girls enjoyed the privilege of getting primary education along with the boys in schools. The prevalence of child marriage was excessively practised.

However, in the nineteenth century many social reformers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Annie Besant, M. G. Ranade, Joytiba Phule, Swami Dayanand Saraswati etc. came forward for the emancipation of women in India. Especially Raja Ram Mohan Roy advocated female education.

Since then there has been tremendous progress in every field but unfortunately still the girls are neglected. In most of the families the birth of a girl child is not desired and if accepted they are thought inferior to boys and their education is not considered important because it seems a wastage of money to most of the parents. They think it unreasonable because afterwards they would be compelled to spend a heavy amount on their dowry.

So the female literacy rate is unsatisfactory and it has a direct impact upon the overall development of a nation and its population growth. If India wants to be one of the developed nations it must concentrate on female education because if we educate a man, we educate an individual but if we educate a woman we educate an entire family. Again the root cause of all problems facing the women is lack of education.

If all women are educated, then all problems like female infanticide, dowry, female suicides, domestic battering, malnutrition of women, child marriage and other related atrocities would vanish from India. Education provides an essential qualification to fulfill certain economic, political and cultural functions and improves women’s socio economic status. It brings reduction in inequalities. If their standard of living is improved, it will indirectly uplift the level of society. If they are financially strong they will take proper care of their children and provide them with good education.

Answer the following questions briefly:

(i) Why were women not allowed to receive education?
(ii) Why was it considered unnecessary?
(iii) What are the advantages of educating a girl?
(iv) What are the problem that women face in India?
(v) What is the irony about education in India?
(vi) How can education help women?
(vii) Find the words from the passage which means the same as declined (para 2)
(viii) Find the words from the passage which means the same as cruelties (para 3)
Answer:
(i) They do not remain uneducated by their own wish but they are forbidden from receiving education because of the patriarchal system in our society.
(ii) They think it unreasonable because afterwards they would be compelled to spend a heavy amount on their dowry.
(iii) If we educate a man, we educate an individual but if we educate a woman we educate an entire family.
(iv) Women in India face problems like female infanticide, dowry, female suicides, domestic battering, malnutrition of women, child marriage and other related atrocities.
(v) the irony in India is that although the deity of education is a female i.e. Goddess Saraswati according to the Hinduism, innumerable number of women are illiterate.
(vi) Education of women can do away with the problems faced by women and also help in the development of the country.
(vii) Deteriorated.
(viii) Atrocities.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 12
Read the poem given below and answer the questions that follow.

On the door step of the temple
Under the hot sun
I see her everyday.
Her hands and feet are
Withered like limbs of a dead tree.

Her eyes tired of searching
For rays of hope
Are sunk deep like caves In a rock.
Neither they receive light
Nor give it.

Her three yard saree
Has torn in thirty places
Her body has absorbed.
Sixty years of dirt.

Her knotty matted hair
Is the abode of worm and lice
Here and there some black teeth,
Stand as guards in her open mouth.
The lines on her face.
Have spread far and deep.
Like the crow’s feet.

Raising her shaking hands
With hope in her eyes
She looks at me
And an electric current
joins together our two hearts
Time goes back fifteen years.
Her face changes, her eyes twinkle
When she smiles her teeth dazzle
In that one magic moment, I
I see the image of my dead mother

Answer the following questions briefly:

(i) Where does the poet see her?
(ii) What has happened to her hands and feet?
(iii) What do her eyes search for?
(iv) How does she look at the poet?
(v) What does he say about her dress and body?
(vi) Describe her teeth and mouth.
(vii) What happens when she looks at the poet?
(viii) What is the magic that follows?
Answer:
(i) The poet sees her on the door step of the temple under the hot sun.
(ii) Her hands and feet are withered like limbs of a dead tree.
(iii) Her eyes were searching for rays of hope.
(iv) She looks at the poet with hope in her eyes.
(v) He says that she is wearing a very dirty and tattered saree.
(vi) Her teeth have become black in colour and they stand as guards in her open mouth.
(vii) When she looks at the pqet, she experiences an electric current passing through her heart and her mind flashes back in time.
(viii) The poet sees the image of his dead mother in that magic moment.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 13
Read the following passage carefully:

The time is now to save these magnificent cats, before they vanish from the earth forever. There is little time left to preserve these animals; immediate action is required. The latest predictions state that tigers will be extinct in the wild by the year 2015. That is less than 04 short years from now. That’s less than 04 years to save a creature that has been around for longer than us.

I cannot imagine, nor would I wish to live in a world without tigers… without these magnificent creatures in our forests living free – without captive populations carrying on the gene pool. The power and beauty of these animals is indisputable. Tigers are an integral part of the ecosystem, as they are a major link in the food chain. Tigers have been bestowed magical and supernatural properties by many societies, and have also been revered as gods. All living creatures of mother earth depend on one another for survival. We as human beings are brothers and sisters to every living being, from the plants to the – animals to each other.

Crimes like these – the killing of tigers – must be stopped. They are often killed in the most barbaric, the most unbelievably cruel ways. I ask you- the reader – if learning of things like this moves you at all, then take that energy and do what you can to stop the killing of these magnificent animals. Write to your government, write to the governments of tiger countries and urge them to protect tigers. Penalties for killing tigers, and other protected wildlife need to be strongly enforced – and strong enough as to be a complete deterrent to the poaching of tigers, and also deter those who profit from such killings.

Extremist groups would ban all exotic animals from captivity because of small numbers of individuals that mistreat their animals, and unfortunately the whole zoo “industry” and caring private owners get painted with the same brush. The vast majority of zoos, big and small, treat their animals well, feed them well and give them proper environment and enrichment. The numbers of bad homes are small, but they do exist. The Animal Rights Organizations should make sure they target only the bad homes and leave those providing a good, happy and healthy home for animals alone.

They don’t realize that banning all exotics from captivity could spell the end for many species of animals. Species whose numbers in the wild are extremely low, such as the Clouded Leopard, Siberian tiger, South China tiger and so forth. Zoos, sanctuaries and responsible, knowledgeable and caring private owners are rapidly becoming the last havens to preserve ever – dwindling species of animals. These places may well, in the not so far future, hold the last remaining tigers – gems for the future who should be nurtured and protected.

Caring for a tiger is an immense responsibility. Not just to the single tiger in your care, but to his or her species, and all tigers. Simply to own a tiger and keep him or her in your backyard as a pet is not enough, nor is it acceptable to keep this animal to yourself. You, the owner, owe it to all tigers – wild and those held in captivity – and to the future generations of these animals to educate the public about tigers – and help to change people’s opinions about wildlife preservation. Education is key to developing sensitivity to and awareness of our environment. Our children hold the hope for the future of the tiger. Heightened awareness of environmental issues will help assure our children grow up to respect and care for our global environment.

Think Globally – Act Locally!

Answer the following questions briefly:

(i) What is the need of the hour?
(ii) How can we save tigers from extinction?
(iii) Why should penalties be imposed?
(iv) What are tigers known for?
(v) How can you say that the tigers are on the verge of extinction?
(vi) What role can common people play in the conservation of tigers?
(vii) Find the word from the passage which means the same as hindrance (para 3)
(viii) Find the word from the passage which means the same as refuge (para 5)
Answer:
(i) It is the need of the hour to take immediate action to save magnificent cats.
(ii) Write to the governments of countries and urge them to protect tigers.
(iii) They are a deterrent to the poaching of animals.
(iv) Power and beauty.
(v) The latest predictions state that the tigers could get extinct by the year 2015 that is less than 04 short years now.
(vi) They can educate the public about tigers and change people’s opinion about wild life preservation.
(vii) Deterrent
(viii) Haven

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 14
Read the following passage carefully:

It’s not “cool” to be fat, but that has not prevented an obesity epidemic from occurring among America’s youth. Childhood obesity increased from 5 percent in 1964 to about 13 percent in 1994. Today, it is about 20 percent – and rising. Excessive time spent watching television, using the computer, and playing video games is partly to blame for this escalating rate. Children, on an average, spend up to five to six hours a day involved in these sedentary activities. Perhaps it wouldn’t matter if they were sufficiently active at other times, but most of them aren’t.

To make matters worse, children are bombarded with well – crafted TV ads from fast – food chains and other purveyors of high – fat, high – sugar meals and snacks. A recent study reported that two-to-six-year-olds who watch television are more likely to choose food products advertised on TV than children who do not watch such commercials. These highly effective advertising campaigns, combined with a physically inactive lifestyle, have produced a generation of kids who are at high risk for obesity-associated medical conditions.

The major health threat is the early development of Type 2 diabetes (adult onset), particularly in children with a family history of disease. Doctors are reporting a surge in young adolescents developing Type 2 diabetes – which can lead to heart disease, high blood pressure, kidney disease, stroke, limb amputations, and blindness. People who develop diabetes in adolescence face a diminished quality of life and shortened life span, particularly if the disease progresses untreated. It’s a scary prospect for our children but, in many cases, obesity and diabetes are preventable.

When children are spending most of their free time sitting in front of televisions and computers, they are not outside running, jumping or engaging in team sports that would keep their weight down. Parents need to set limits on the time their children are engaged in passive activities. Pediatricians recommend restricting children to one to two hours per day on TV and computers combined – though older children may need additional time for learning activities.

Parental involvement remains the most important key to our children’s healthy diets. Programs to educate parents about nutrition are essential. Fast foods should be consumed only in moderation. Caregivers, who are often busy and harried, must avoid the temptation to whisk their kids into fast-food restaurants or to pick up fast food for dinner at home. Changing eating habits and lifestyles is not easy, but the health benefit for our children is a wonderful payoff for parents willing to take on the task.

Answer the following questions briefly.

(i) What is the main cause of obesity?
(ii) Who does Type 2 diabetes normally affect and what does it lead to?
(iii) What should the parents do to check obesity?
(iv) What do pediatricians suggest?
(v) How are advertisements responsible for an obesity-associated medical problem?
(vi) How does diabetes affect adolescents?
(vii) Find the word from the passage which means as Inactive (para 1)
(viii) Find the word from the passage which means as Declined (para 3)
Answer:
(i) Sedentary life style.
(ii) With a family history of the disease. It leads to heart disease, high blood pressure, kidney disease, blindness, etc.
(iii) Set limits on the time their children are engaged in passive activities.
(iv) Paediatricians suggest that the most important factor to improve our children’s diet is to take healthy and balanced food.
(v) Children who watch advertisement on Television are more likely to choose advertised fast food products which lead to obesity associated medical problems.
(vi) They face a diminished quality of life and shortened life span. It can lead to many diseases also.
(vii) Sedentary
(viii) Diminished.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 15
Read the following poem carefully:

The Fallen Leaves
-Robert Service

Why should I be the first to fall
Of all the leaves on this old tree?
Though sadly soon I know that all
Will lose their hold and follow me.
While my birth brothers bravely blow,
Why should I be the first to go?
Why should I be the last to cling
Of all the leaves on this bleak bough?
I’ve fluttered since the fire of spring
And I am worn and withered now.
I would escape the Winter gale.
And sleep soft silvered by a Snail.
When swoop the legions of the snow
To pitch their tents in roaring weather
We fallen leaves will lie below
And rot rejoicingly together;
And from our rich and dark decay
Will laugh our brothers of the May.

Answer the following questions on the basis of your reading of the above poem:

(i) Who is complaining?
(ii) Which season is being referred to here?
(iii) What is the complaint of the last leaf?
(iv) From when have the leaves been fluttering?
(v) What does the snail do? Which season is mentioned?
(vi) How do the fallen leaves react now?
(vii) Why would they escape the Winter gale?
(viii) Explain the last 2 lines.
Answer:
(i) The 1st leaf to fall off the tree is complaining.
(ii) Autumn is the season mentioned in the poem.
(iii) The last leaf does not like being the last leaf on the bough.
(iv) They’ve been fluttering from the onset of spring.
(v) The snail sleeps beside the fallen leaves, looking like silver because of the snow on its shell.
(vi) They lie below the snow and rot rejoicingly together.
(vii) They would escape the Winter gale as they are already fallen and covered by the snow.
(viii) From the manure that is created by the rotten leaves, new plants will be born in May with the spring.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 16
Read the poem carefully:

The Shark

A treacherous monster is the
Shark He never makes the least remark.

And when he sees you on the sand,
He doesn’t seem to want to land.

He watches you take off your clothes,
And not the least excitement shows.

His eyes do not grow bright or roll,
He has astounding self-control.

He waits till you are quite undrest,
And seems to take no interest
And when towards the sea you leap,
He looks as if he were asleep.

But when you once get in his range,
His whole demeanour seems to change.

He throws his body right about,
And his true character comes out.

It’s no use crying or appealing,
He seems to lose all decent feeling.

After this warning you will wish
To keep clear of this treacherous fish.

Answer the following questions on the basis of your reading of the above poem:

(i) Why does the shark not make any remark?
(ii) How do you know he has self-control?
(iii) How does his demeanor change?
(iv) How does he appear when you leap into the sea?
(v) How does he react when you come into his range?
(vi) Can you appeal to him?
(vii) What is the meaning of demeanor on the basis of stanza?
(viii) What is the meaning of treacherous on the basis of stanza?
Answer:
(i) Because he is a treacherous Monster.
(ii) His eyes do not roll or become bright when you take off your clothes.
(iii) When you get into his range, his demeanour changes.
(iv) He appears to be asleep.
(v) He will throw his body right about.
(vi) Once he gets into his true character, there is no use of crying or appealing to him.
(vii) Behaviour
(viii) Deceit

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 17
Read the following passage carefully.

1. Most people can remember a phone number for up to thirty seconds. When this short amount of time remove of, however, the numbers are erased from the memory. How did the information get there in the first place? Information that makes its way to the short-term memory (STM) does so via the sensory storage area. The brain has a filter which only allows stimuli that is of immediate interest to pass on to the STM, also known as the working memory.

2. There is much debate about the capacity and duration of the short- term memory. The most accepted theory comes from George A. Miller, a cognitive psychologist who suggested that humans can remember approximately seven chunks of information. A chunk is defined as a meaningful unit of information, such as a word or name rather than just a letter or number. Modern theorists suggest that one can increase the capacity of the short-term memory by chunking, or classifying similar information together. By organizing information, one can optimize the STM, and improve the chances of a memory being passed on to long-term storage.

3. When making a conscious effort to memorise something, such as information for an exam, many people engage in “rote rehearsal”. By repeating something over and over again, one is able to keep a memory alive. Unfortunately, this type of memory maintenance only; succeeds if there are no interruptions. As soon as a person stops rehearsing the information, it has the tendency to disappear. When a pen and paper are not handy, people often attempt to remember a phone number by repeating it aloud.

If the doorbell rings or the dog barks to come in before a person has the opportunity to make a phone call, he will likely forget the number instantly. Therefore, rote rehearsal is not an efficient way to pass information from the short-term to long¬term memory. A better way is to practise “elaborate rehearsal”. This involves assigning semantic meaning to a piece of information so that it can be filed along with other pre¬existing long-term memories.

4. Encoding information semantically also makes it more retrievable. Retrieving information can be done by recognition or recall. Humans can easily recall memories that are stored in the long-term memory and used often; however, if a memory seems to be forgotten, it may eventually be retrieved by prompting. The more cues a person is given (such as pictures), the more likely a memory can be retrieved. This is why multiple-choice tests are often used for subjects that require a lot of memorisation.

Answer the following questions briefly:

(i) According to the passage, how do memories get transferred to the STM?
(ii) Where can memory be stored?
(iii) Why does the author mention a dog’s bark?
(iv) What is rote rehearsal? Is it useful?
(v) How do theorists believe a person can remember more information in a short time?
(vi) How can a lost memory be retrieved?
(vii) What is ‘remove of rehearsal’?
(viii) What is an efficient way to pass information from the short-term to long-term memory and how is it efficient?
Answer:
(i) They are filtered from the sensory storage area.
(ii) Memory can be stored in the short-term memory, long-term memory, and sensory storage area.
(iii) It’s an example of a type of interruption.
(iv) When making a conscious effort to memorize something, such as information for an exam, many people engage in “rote rehearsal”.. By repeating something over and over again, one is able to keep a memory alive. Unfortunately, this type of memory maintenance only succeeds if there are no interruptions. As soon as a person stops rehearsing the information, it has the tendency to disappear.
(v) It can be done by organizing the information.
(vi) A lost memory can be retrieved by prompting. The more cues a person is given (such as pictures), the more likely a – memory can be retrieved.
(vii) It is assigning semantic meaning to a piece of information so that it can be filed along with other pre-existing long¬term memories.
(viii) ‘Elaborate rehearsal’ is an efficient way to pass information from the short-term to long-term memory. This involves assigning semantic meaning to a piece of information so that it can be filed along with other pre-existing long-term memories.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 18
Read the following passage carefully.

1. Walter Elias “Walt” Disney was born on December 5, 1901, in Hermosa, Illinois. He lived most of his childhood in Marceline, Missouri, where he began drawing, painting and selling pictures to neighbours and family friends. Disney attended McKinley High School in Chicago, where he took drawing and photography classes and was a contributing cartoonist for the school paper. At night, he took courses at the Chicago Art Institute.

2. When Disney was 16, he dropped out of school to join the army but was rejected for being underage. Instead, he joined the Red Cross and was sent to France for a year to drive an ambulance. When Disney returned from France in 1919, he moved back to Kansas City to pursue a career as a newspaper artist. His brother Roy got him a job at the Pesmen-Rubin Art Studio, where he met cartoonist Ubbe Eert Iwwerks, better known as Ub Iwerks. From there, Disney worked at the Kansas City Film Ad Company, where he made commercials based on cutout animation. Around this time, Disney began experimenting with a camera, doing hand-drawn cel animation, and decided to open his own animation business. From the ad company, he recruited Fred Harman as his first employee.

3. Walt and Harman made a deal with a local Kansas City theater to screen their ‘ cartoons, which they called Laugh-O-Grams. The cartoons were hugely popular, and Disney was able to- acquire his own studio, upon which he bestowed the same name. Laugh-O-Gram hired a number of employees, including Harman’s brother Hugh and Iwerks. They did a series of seven-minute fairy tales that combined both live action and animation, which they called Alice in Cartoonland. By 1923, however, the studio had become burdened with debt, and Disney was forced to declare bankruptcy.

4. Disney and his brother, Roy, soon pooled their money and moved to Hollywood. Iwerks also relocated to California, and there the three began the Disney Brothers’ Studio. Their first deal was with New York distributor Margaret Winkler, to distribute their Alice cartoons. They also invented a character called Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, and contracted the shorts at $1,500 each.

Answer the following questions briefly:

(a) What did Walt Disney learn in his childhood?
(b) Why was Walt not selected in the army?
(c) How did Walt’s brother help him in Kansas?
(d) What did Walt learn at Kansas City Film Ad Company?
(e) Name the first employee of Ad Company.
(f) What deal was made with the Kansas City theatre?
(g) Write briefly about Alice in the Cartoonland.
(h) What was the deal made with Margaret Winkler?
Answer:
(a) In his childhood, Walt Disney learnt drawing, painting and selling pictures to neighbours and family friends.
(b) Walt was not selected in the army because he was underage.
(c) Walt’s brother got him a job at the Pesmen-Rubin Art Studio, where he met cartoonist Ubbe Eert Iwwerks, better known as Ub Iwerks.
(d) Walt learnt to make commercials based on cutout animation.
(e) Fred Harman was the first employee of the Ad company.
(f) The deal was to screen their cartoons, which they called Laugh-O-Grams.
(g) Alice in Cartoonland was a series of seven-minute fairy tales that combined both live action and animation.
(h) The deal made with Margaret Winkler was to distribute their Alice cartoons.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 19
Read the following passage carefully:

One of the greatest advances in modern technology has been the invention of computers. They are widely used in industries and in universities. Now there is hardly any sphere of human life where computers have not been pressed into service of man. We are heading fast towards the day when a computer will be as much part of man’s daily life as a telephone – or a calculator.

Computers are capable of doing extremely complicated work in all branches of learning. They can solve the most complex mathematical problems or put thousands of unrelated facts in order. These machines can be put to varied uses. For instance, they can provide information on the best way to prevent traffic jams. This whole process by which machines can be used to work for us has been called ‘automation.’ In the future automation may enable human beings to enjoy more leisure than they do today. The coming of automation is bound to have important social consequences.

Some years ago an expert on automation, Sir Leon Bagrit, pointed out that it was a mistake to believe that these machines could ‘think.’ There is no possibility that human beings will be “controlled by machines.” Though computers are capable of learning from their mistakes and improving on their performance, they need detailed instructions from human beings to operate. They can never, as it were, lead independent lives or “rule the world” by making decisions of their own.

Sir Leon said that in future, computers would be developed which would be small enough to carry in the pocket. Ordinary people would then be able to use them to obtain valuable information; Computers could be plugged into a national network and be used like radios. For instance, people going on holiday could be informed about weather conditions. Car drivers can be given alternative routes when there are traffic jams. It will also be possible ‘ to make tiny translating machines. This will enable people who do not share a common language to talk to each other without any difficulty or to read foreign publications.

Answer the following questions briefly:

(a) What is the greatest advancement in modern technology?
(b) What complicated works are computers capable of doing?
(c) Write one use of computers.
(d) Explain automation?
(e) Why can’t computers lead independent lives or rule the world?
(f) How would computers as translating machines help people?
(g) What was the prediction of Sir Leon about computers in future?
(h) How can computers help people going on holiday?
Answer:
(a) The greatest advancement in modern technology is the invention of computers.
(b) Computers are capable of doing complicated works like solve mathematical problems and put thousands of unrelated facts in order.
(c) Computers can provide information on the best way to prevent traffic jams. They can be used in industries, universities and to carry out complicated work in all branches of learning.
(d) Automation is the process by which machines can be used to work for us.
(e) Computers need detailed instructions from human beings to operate/ cannot make decisions of their own. Therefore computers cannot lead independent lives or rule the world.
(f) Computers as translating machines help people in many ways. They enable people who do not share a common language to talk to each other without any difficulty. They will also help to read foreign publications.
(g) Sir Leon predicted that in the future computers would be developed which would be small enough to carry in the pocket. Ordinary people would be able to use these pocket computers to obtain valuable information. Computers could be plugged in to a national network and be used like radios.
(h) Computers can help people going on holiday in numerous ways. They can be informed about weather conditions. They can also help car drivers by giving alternative roads when there are traffic jams. They can also make tiny translating machines.

Sample Unseen Passage for Class 10 CBSE – 20
Read the following passage carefully:

I was born in the small but beautiful mountain village of Nakuri near Uttarkashi in Garhwal, with the gurgling, playful Bhagirathi river flowing nearby. My parents were a hard-working and extremely self-contained couple. Even though our family was poor, barely managing the essentials, my father taught us how to live and maintain dignity and self-respect — the most treasured family value till today. At the same time my parents also practised the creed, “Kindness is the essence of all religion.” They were large-hearted, inviting village folk passing by to have tea at our home, and gave grain to the sadhus and pandits who came to the house. This characteristic has been ingrained in me so deeply that I am able to reach out to others and make a difference in their lives — whether it is in my home, in society or at the workplace.

I was the third child in the family — girl, boy, girl, girl and boy in that order — and quite a rebel. I developed a tendency to ask questions and was not satisfied with the customary way of life for a girl-child. When I found my elder brother, Bachchan, encouraging our youngest brother, Raju, to take up mountaineering I thought, why not me ? I found that my brothers were always getting preferential treatment and all opportunities and options were open to them. This made me even more determined to not only do what the boys were doing, but to do it better.

The general thinking of mountain people was that mountaineering as a sport was not for them. They considered themselves to be born mountaineers as they had to go up and down mountain slopes for their daily livelihood and even for routine work. On the other hand, as a student, I would look curiously at foreign backpackers passing by my village and wonder where they were going. I would even invite them to my house and talk to them to learn more about their travels. The full significance of this came to me later when I started working. The foreigners took the trouble to come all the way to the Himalayas in order to educate themselves on social, cultural and scientific aspects of mountaineering, as well as to seek peace in nature’s gigantic scheme of things.

Answer the following questions briefly:

(a) What does the author tell us about the financial condition of her parents?
(b) What is the most treasured value of the author’s family?
(c) Give an example to show that the author’s parents were very hospitable.
(d) What kind of girl was the author?
(e) How do you know that the author’s parents discriminated between sons and daughters?
(f) Why do the mountain people consider themselves to be born mountaineers?
(g) Why would the author invite foreign mountaineers to her house?
(h) Why were foreigners drawn to the Himalayas?
Answer:
(a) The author tells us that the financial condition of the author’s parents was not very good and they struggled to secure even the essentials.
(b) The most treasured family value, taught by the author’s father was, how to maintain one’s self-respect and dignity in life.
(c) The author’s parents were large-hearted. They were in the habit of inviting village folk home to have tea and giving alms in the form of grains to sadhus and pundits who stopped by their house.
(d) The author, third among five children, was a rebel. She had the tendency of asking questions and was not satisfied with the customary way of life that was specified for a girl-child.
(e) The author was discriminated against by her parents. Her brothers were being given preferential treatment and all opportunities and options were given only to the boys.
(f) The mountain dwellers considered themselves to be born mountaineers because they had to go up and down the mountains for their livelihood and routine work.
(g) The author invited foreign travellers to her house to talk to them and learn more about their travels.
(h) The foreigners came to the Himalayas to educate themselves on the social, cultural and scientific aspects of mountaineering, as well as to seek peace in nature’s gigantic scheme of things.

Looking for an easy way to learn English Grammar? then you are in right place. Here we providing basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc…

Subject Verb Agreement Exercises for Class 10 CBSE With Answers Pdf

1. When two subjects are joined by ‘as well as’, ‘with’, ‘in addition to’, the verb agrees with the first subject.
2. When a subject is made up of two or more nouns joined by ‘and’, it takes plural verb.
3. Each, every, either, neither and many a are followed by a singular verb.
4. If two or more subjects are joined by either, or, neither, nor and not only, but also, the verb agrees with the subject nearest to it.
5. Nouns like news, physics, mathematics, measles, and ethics are plural in form but they are treated as singular.
6. When distances, weights or amounts represent a single unit or fixed quantity, they are treated as singular.
7. Collective nouns like group, herd, team, committee, are singular when taken as one body; but are plural when the members of the group are considered individually.
8. Uncountable nouns like furniture, equipment, stationery, luggage, weather, advice are singular and take singular verb.
9. “Nouns like amends, compasses, glasses, goods, trousers, tongs, police, people and descriptives like the rich, the blind, the guilty are always plural.
10. Some nouns can have both singular and plural verbs. If we use plural verbs with them we are always correct. But if we use a singular verb we may be wrong. Some of these words are—family, government, audience, media, company, crew, public, etc.

Let us recall this from the chapters on tenses.

Subject	Be verbs	Has/Have/Had	Do/Does/Did	Other verbs
I	am	have (present) had (past)	do (present) did (past)	walk run go Catch catch
You We they
	Are
He She It	is	has (present) had (past)	does (present) did (past)	walks runs goes catches

Subject-Verb Agreement Exercises for Class 10 With Answers CBSE

A. In each of the lines below, one verb does not agree with the subject. Underline the wrong verb and write it correctly.

Gauri and Tamanna is visiting the Jaisalmer Fort. 1. ………………………………
The Jaisalmer Fort are one of the largest forts 2. ………………………………
in the world. The fort stand in the middle of the 3. ………………………………
Thar Desert. Several tales of valour is attached 4. ………………………………
to this fort. Many warriors has tried to capture 5. ………………………………
this fort. A few has succeeded. 6. ………………………………

Answer:

1. are
2. is
3. stands
4. are
5. have
6. have

B.Choose the correct form of the verbs given in the brackets in the following sentences:

1. Each of these producers……………………… his own advantage, (has, have)
2. Ten miles……………………… long distance, (is, are)
3. Many a student ………………….. hard to pass his entrance exam, (try, tries)
4. The furniture in his house………………….. impressive, (look, looks)
5. Few students……………….. present in the class today, (is, are)
6. Ritesh, my best friend…………………… leaving for Japan next week, (is, are)
7. Most of my friends………………… government employees, (is, are)
8. The level of intoxication………………….. from subject to subject, (vary, varies)
9. Either boys or girls……………. telling lies, (is, are)
10. A number of people………………………. reported to be missing in the train accident at Jhansi.(was, were)

Answer:

1. has
2. is
3. tries
4. looks
5. are
6. is
7. are
8. varies
9. are
10. were

C. Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the verb given in brackets.

Besides encountering the strange aborigines, the first English settlers ………………………. (find) themselves in the presence of new and wide variations of climate. In their old home, they ………………………. (accustom) to a moderate temperature. Now they ………………………. (have) before them a great range of climate from the cold coasts of Maine to the hot savannahs of Georgia, with all the gradations from the far North to the deep South. To the exigencies of these variations, all the immigrants, from the British Isles as well as the Continent, ………………………. (have) to adapt themselves. Wherever the colonists set to work, they ………………………. (brave) hostile weather conditions.
Answer:

• found
• had been accustomed
• had
• had
• were braving

D. There is an error in each of the following lines. Underline the error and write the correct word in the space provided against each line.

Animal cruelty can take many different forms. 1. ……………………………..
It does include obvious and intentional acts of violence, 2. ……………………………..
but it also includes animals neglect or the failure to 3. ……………………………..
looks after its welfare. In fact this also 4. ……………………………..
include any form of psychological harm. There 5. ……………………………..
is so many ways of being cruel that Animal Welfare Acts 6. ……………………………..
may include act such as confining or transporting an animal 7.
in a way that are inappropriate for its welfare. 8. ……………………………..

Answer:

1. forms
2. not only includes
3. includes
4. their
5. includes
6. are
7. acts
8. is

Definition: A preposition is a word placed before a noun or a pronoun to show in what relation the person or thing denoted by it stands in regard to something else.

Looking for an easy way to Learning of new elementary english grammar and composition for class 6 answers, Solutions. You have to learn basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc… In this article, we will review the best English Grammer Topics and compare them against each other

Preposition Exercises for Class 6 CBSE With Answers Pdf

Fundamentals

• Prepositions are words which show the relationship between two words in a sentence.
• Prepositions are used to connect nouns, pronouns and phrases in any sentence. The relationship can include direction, place (or a particular point or location), time, manner, cause and amount (or degree).
• The preposition almost always comes before the noun or pronoun and hence it is called a preposition.

Forms of Prepositions
Simple Prepositions: Simple Prepositions are used in simple sentences.
Example:

• In, on, at, to, from, with, by, etc.
• She is not going with her mother.

Compound Prepositions:-When we join two nouns, pronouns or phrases then we use compound prepositions.
Example:

• About, across, among, between, beside, before, etc.
• We will reach the station before the train leaves.

Double Prepositions: A double preposition is two (prepositional) words used in a sentence to connect nouns, pronouns and phrases with other words in a sentence.
Example:

• Outside of, out of, from behind, because of, etc.
• It was just because of you that they went to school.

Participle Prepositions:
When a participle (an-ed or ing verb) is used as a preposition it is known as a participle preposition.
Example:

• Concerning, pending, considering, assuming, barring, during, given, notwithstanding, provided, regarding.
  She did it very easily considering her knowledge.

Phrase Prepositions:
A prepositional phrase is a group of words containing a preposition, a noun or pronoun (object of the preposition), and any modifiers of the object.
Example:

• According to, in spite of, on account of, in front of, in order to, for the sake of, by means of, with reference to, in addition to, due to, etc.
• According to me, it should rain today.

Commonly Used Prepositions

Prepositions of Place	Prepositions of Time	Prepositions of Motion
At – a specific house, place of residence, building, a village or a small town. In – a country, a large town, a street, or to talk of a position with boundaries On – something is resting on/ in contact with a surface Above – a thing is higher than the other Below – something is lower than the other Between – an object somewhere in the middle of two objects. Among – an object surrounded by more than two objects Against – something is used as a support.	At – a definite point of time In – periods of time such as minutes, hours, days, months, years, seasons, countries On – particular days and dates From – the time when the action begins To – the time when the action ends Since – a point of time For – a period of time By – not later than Till or until – not earlier than or upto	Into – movement from the outside to the inside of something Along – movement from one end to the other end Across – movement from one side to the other side of something Towards – in the direction of To – destination By – the means or agency of an action/the mode of travel With – instrument (what one is using) to do something On – (the mode of travel) on foot in – own vehicle; For example in a car, van, etc.

Nouns Followed By Particular Prepositions
Certain nouns are generally followed by particular prepositions.

Examples:

• The Principal has sent out the invitations to the Chief Guest.
• Radha has no interest in meeting me.
• Priya has a lot of love for her students.
• I have received my cheque for ten thousand rupees.
• Rakesh paid attention to his lessons in class.
• He is in the habit of talking all the time.
• I have sent a reply to the business proposal.
• My parents have no objection to my joining the acting school.
• The post-mortem report showed the cause of her death.
• I have a dislike for untidy places.

Adjectives Followed By Particular Prepositions
Certain adjectives are generally followed by particular prepositions.
Examples:

• I am afraid of lizards.
• The teacher is angry with the students.
• I shall always be grateful to my parents.
• The peacock is proud of its tail.
• Kanpur is famous for its leather industry.
• He is busy with the shifting of his house.
• The bag is full of money.
• My brother is good at English.
• Children are fond of watching TV.
• This wood is superior to that one.

Presentation
Read the picture story.
A. Answer the following questions as per the story.

1. Describe the weather in your own words.
2. What did Avika buy?
3. When did Avika reach home?

Preposition Practice Exercises for Class 6 CBSE

A. Fill in the blanks with the prepositions given below. Use each preposition only once.
1. Mrs. Kusum keeps her money ___________ the bank.
2. I put the keys ___________ my dressing table.
3. In the office, Mrs. Maria and Mrs. Latifah sit ___________ each other.
4. The swimming pool is ___________ my house.
5. The person standing ___________ Pawan to Manish.
6. There was a robbery ___________ the supermarket this morning.
7. They found an old tunnel ___________ my house.
8. While Ahmad was cleaning the store-room, he found some old notes ___________ a pile of newspapers.
9. She had her hands ___________ her face.
10. He put two pieces of meat ___________ the bread.

B. Complete the passage using suitable prepositions.

The rain had just stopped. I went (1). ___________ into the garden. Then I heard a soft mewing. I saw a little white kitten. It was so thin that its bones were showing. It was wet and shivering.

I brought it (2) ___________ the house and dried it. My brother came (3). ___________ “Do you know who this kitten belongs (4) ?” I asked him.

My brother said he had seen some kittens (5) ___________ the long grass (6). ___________ our house. The mother cat was just a stray. He told me to give the kitten some fish.

There was no more fish, so I took some rice and gave it to the kitten. But it would not eat the rice.

“I wonder if it’s old enough to eat rice. It may still be feeding (7) ___________ its mother’s milk,” said my brother.

I warmed (8). ___________ some milk and gave it to the kitten but it would not drink the milk. “I wonder if I should give it back to its mother,” I said.

“Yes, you’d better do that,” said my brother.

My brother and I carried the kitten (9) ___________ of the house. We heard loud mewing. I was the mother cat. I put (10) ___________ the kitten. It mewed loudly but stayed still. The mother cat ran quickly to the little kitten. It started licking the kitten all (11) ___________ The kitten kept mewing loudly. “Do you think it’s telling its mother (12). ___________ me?” I asked my brother.

C. Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions of direction/movement,

1. The scouts walk the river to find a way out of the forest.
2. The passengers ran from the bus before it started to burn.
3. The train is traveling the tunnel slowly.
4. A brave firefighter rushed the burning house to save an elderly woman.
5. Some tourists walked the souvenir shop just now. They did not stop to shop.
6. A jaywalker is a person who walks a street without paying attention to traffic.
7. The prices of petrol will go again in the coming month.
8. Sameer put the hoe and took a rest as he was tired.

D. Underline the correct Preposition given in the brackets.

1. I am not angry (at, with) you.
2. This is different (to, from) that.
3. Are Japanese goods superior (than, to) European goods?
4. I was annoyed (with, at) his stupidity.
5. She hasn’t visited us (from, since) her marriage.
6. She was sitting (between, among) her five children.
7. The explosion could not have happened (off, of) itself.
8. He has three other cars (beside, besides) this.
9. Don’t rush (into, to) conclusions.
10. Have you any money (by, on) you?

E. Fill in each of the blanks with the correct preposition.

1. This is a secret you and me. We mustn’t share it anyone.
2. Littering on the road is the law. You could be fined such an offence.
3. When he got : the taxi, his family rushed the house to welcome him.
4. We sat the floor as there were no chairs the room.
5. Mother is lying her room. She is having a rest before she continues her work.
6. I have typed the letter you. Please sign this line.
7. Did you notice the dressing his legs? He fell his bicycle yesterday.
8. She has been ill Wednesday, but she has only now been admitted the hospital.
9. He walked the meeting a word.
10. The prisoner stood the dock and testified the court that he was home the time the crime.

Indigo Important Questions CBSE Class 12 English

Short Answer Type Questions (3 Marks, 30-40 words)

Question.1. Why did Gandhiji feel that taking the Champaran case to court was useless?
(Delhi 2014 Modified)
Answer. When Gandhiji got to know about the plight of the peasant groups in Champaran from his discussion with the lawyers, he came to the conclusion that the poor peasants were so crushed and fear-stricken that law courts were useless in their case. Going to courts overburdened the sharecroppers with heavy litigation expenses. What really needed to be done was to make them free from fear.

Question.2. How did the Champaran peasants react when they heard that a Mahatma had come
to help them? (Compartment 2014)
Answer. When the Champaran peasants heard that a Mahatma had come to help them, they assembled in Motihari in large number. Thousands of peasants held a demonstration around the courthouse where Gandhiji was supposed to appear. The crowd was so uncontrollable that the officials felt powerless, and Gandhiji himself helped the authorities to regulate the crowd.

Question.3. What made the Lieutenant Governor drop the case against Gandhiji? (Compartment 2014)
Answer. When Gandhiji was asked to appear in the court in Motihari, thousands of peasants held a demonstration arounck the courthouse. The officials felt helpless and the government was baffled. The trial was postponed, as the judge didn’t want to aggravate the situation. He held up the sentence for several days, after which Gandhiji was released without bail. All these events made the Lieutenant Governor drop the case against Gandhiji.

Question.4. Why did Gandhiji oppose when his friend Andrews offered to stay in Champaran and
help the peasants? (Foreign 2014)
or
Why did Gandhiji object to CF Andrews’ stay in Champaran? (Foreign 2009)
Answer. CF Andrews, an English pacifist, was a devoted follower of Gandhiji. The lawyers thought that bejng an Englishman, Andrews could be of immense help to them in their cause of fighting the battle of Champaran. Gandhiji, however,.was against this because he felt that enlisting an Englishman’s help showed weakness. Their cause was just, and they had to win the battle by relying on themselves. This would make them self-reliant.

Question.5. Why do you think Gandhi considered the Champaran episode to be a turning point
in his life? (All India 2011)
Answer. The Champaran episode began as an attempt to alleviate the distress of poor peasants. Ultimately it proved to be a turning point in Gandhiji’s life because it was a loud proclaimation that made the British realise that Gandhiji could not be ordered about in his own country. It infused courage to question British authority in the masses and laid the foundation of non-cooperation as a new tool to fight the British tooth and nail.

Question.6. What did the peasants pay to the British landlords as rent? (Foreign 2011)
Answer. The British landlords had entered into a long-term contract with the farmers according to which they compelled all tenants to plant 15% of their holdings with indigo. The sharecroppers had to surrender the entire indigo harvest as rent.

Question.7.Why did Gandhiji decide to go to Muzaffarpur before going to Champaran? (Foreign 2011)
Answer. Rajkumar Shukla had given quite a lot of information to Gandhiji about the indigo sharecroppers of Champaran. However, Gandhiji wished to obtain more complete information about the conditions than Shukla had imparted. He visited Muzaffarpur, which was en route to Champaran, to inquire from the lawyers there about the issue, as they frequently represented the peasant groups in the court.

Question.8.Why do you think the servants thought Gandhi to be another peasant? (Delhi 2010)
Answer. The servants knew that Rajkumar Shukla was a poor farmer who pestered their master to help the indigo sharecroppers. Since Gandhiji accompanied Shukla and was dressed simply, they mistook him for a peasant. Gandhiji’s modesty and unassertiveness also led to the assumption that he was a peasant.

Question.9.”The battle of Champaran is won!.” What led Gandhiji to make this remark?
(Foreign 2010)
Answer. The lawyers first decided to return home if Gandhiji. was arrested. But they soon realised their mistake. When they declared that they would fight for the peasants’ cause in the event of Gandhiji’s arrest and volunteered to court arrest for the cause of the sharecroppers, Gandhiji was very pleased and exclaimed, “The battle of Champaran is won!.”

Question.10.Why did Gandhi agree to the planters’ offer of a 25% refund to the farmers? (Delhi 2009)
Answer. Gandhiji agreed to a settlement of 25% refund to the farmers in order to break the deadlock between the landlords and peasants. For him the amount of the refund was not very important. The fact that the landlords had been obliged to surrender a part of their money as well as their prestige gave a moral victory to the farmers. Thus, Gandhiji not only made the landlords accept their dishonesty but also made the farmers learn a lesson in defending their rights with courage.

Question.11.How was Gandhi able to influence the lawyers? Give instances. (All India 2009)
or
Hbw was Gandhiji able to influence the lawyers? (All India 2008)
Answer. Gandhiji’s sincerity towards the peasants’ cause and convincing arguments and negotiations, thoroughly influenced the lawyers. He chided them for overcharging the peasants and encouraged them to court arrest for the peasants’ noble cause. He even rejected their proposal to seek Mr Andrews help in their battle against the Britishers in order to be self-reliant and independent.

Long Answer Type Questions (6 Marks, 120-150 Words)

Question.1. Why is the Champaran episode considered to be the beginning of the Indian struggle
for independence? (All India 2014 Modified)
Answer. The Champaran episode was one of the major events in the struggle for independence. It was in the course of this small but significant movement that Gandhiji decided to urge the departure of the British from India.
A close examination of the problems of the Champaran peasants opened Gandhiji’s eyes to the unjust policies of the British. He realised that people had to be made free from fear and only then could they be freed from foreign oppression. The spontaneous demonstration of the people proved that Gandhiji had the nation’s support in his fight against the Britishers. It also aroused patriotism in the heart of the Indians.
The triumph of The.civil disobedience at Champaran motivated the launching of the movement on a large scale during the freedom movement. Gandhiji’s winning the case of the sharecroppers proved that British authority could be challenged. Hence, the Champaran episode served as a stepping stone to the Indian struggle for independence.

Question.2.Gandhiji’s loyalty was not a loyalty to abstractions; it was a loyalty to living human
beings. Why did Gandhiji continue his stay in Champaran even after indigo sharecropping disappeared? (All India 2014 Modified)
Answer. After the Champaran battle was won and the land reverted to the peasants, Gandhiji continued to stay on in the region. His loyalty was, indeed, to living human beings and he realised that a lot needed to be done for the upliftment of the peasants in the villages of Champaran. Gandhiji took the initiative and began the work of eradicating their cultural and social backwardness. Primary schools were started so that the poor peasants and their children could be educated. Gandhiji appealed to teachers, and many of his disciples, including his wife and son, volunteered for the work.
Health conditions in the area were also miserable. Gandhiji got a doctor to volunteer his services for six months. All this-goes to prove that Gandhiji’s loyalty was not to abstractions, but his politics was always intertwined with the practical day to day problems of the millions.

Question.3.Describe how, according to Louis Fischer, Gandhiji succeeded in his Champaran
campaign. (Compartment 2014)
Answer. The Champaran campaign was an attempt to free the poor peasants of Champaran from injustice and exploitation at the hands of the Britishers. Gandhiji succeeded in this campaign using his method of satyagraha and non-violence. He visited Muzaffarpur to obtain complete information about the actual condition of the sharecroppers. He first appealed to the concerned authorities, but when there was no positive response, he organised a mass civil , disobedience movement with the support of the peasants.
Gandhiji’s main objective was to remove the fear of the British landlords from the heart of the poor peasants and mould a new free Indian, who could participate in the freedom movement of the country.
He made the peasants aware of their rights and gave them a new-found confidence for fighting their own battles. He also taught them to be self-reliant by refusing to take the help of CF Andrews, his English friend.

Question.4.Why did Gandhiji agree to a settlement of 25% refund to the farmers? How did it
influence the peasant-landlord relationship in Champaran? (All India 2ol3)
Answer. Under an ancient arrangement, the peasants of Champaran were sharecroppers. The landlords forced the Indian tenants to plant 15% of their holding with indigo and surrender the entire indigo harvest as rent.
After Germany developed synthetic indigo, the landlords wanted to dissolve the agreement, as synthetic indigo would be cheaper. They asked the peasants for compensation to release them from this arrangement. Most of them signed it willingly, but felt cheated after they learned about synthetic indigo.
Gandhiji fought their case and the evidence that he collected was so overwhelming that the landlords were asked to repay. When Gandhiji asked for 50% repayment, the landlords offered to pay only 25%, as they wanted to create a deadlock, and thus prolong the dispute. To everybody surprise, Gandhiji agreed to a refund of only 25%. Gandhiji explained that the amount of refundwas not important. What mattered was that the landlords were obliged to surrender a part of their money and with it, part of their prestige.

Question.5. Give an account of Gandhiji’s efforts to secure justice for the poor indigo sharecroppers of Champaran. (All India 2012)
Answer. In the course of his journey to Champaran with Rajkumar Shukla, Gandhiji stayed at Muzaffarpur where he met the lawyers and concluded that fighting through courts was not going to solve the problem of the poor sharecroppers of Champaran. He declared that the real relief for them was to be free from fear.
With this intention, he arrived in Champaran and contacted the Secretary of the British Landlord’s association. The Secretary refused to provide him any information. After this, Gandhiji met the Commissioner of the Tirhut division who served a notice on him to immediately leave Tirhut.
Gandhiji accepted the notice by signing it and wrote on it that he would not obey the order. He was even willing to court arrest for the cause of the peasants.
After four rounds of talks with-the Governor, an official commission of inquiry was appointed in which Gandhiji was made the sole representative of the peasants.
Through this commission Gandhiji succeeded in getting 25% of the compensation award for the poor sharecroppers from the British landowners.

Question.6. The Champaran episode was a turning point in Gandhiji’s life. Elucidate. (All India 2012)
Answer. Gandhiji himself accepted the proposition that the Champaran episode was a turning point in his life. It was then that he decided to urge the departure of the British from India.
In fact the Champaran episode was the first experiment of civil disobedience in India. When Gandhiji was on his way to Champaran, he stayed in Muzaffarpur, where he met the lawyers who were fighting cases for the sharecroppers. The peasants were so crushed and fear-stricken . that Gandhiji concluded that law courts were useless. The real relief for them was to be free from fear. The spontaneous demonstration by the peasants showed that they were instilled with a new strength and spirit. Gandhiji showed the poor peasants how to fight the British with ‘satyagraha’. He made them aware of their power and the power of ahimsa.
All this laid the foundation of his future movements and served as a great source of strength and motivation for all Indians.

Important Questions for Class 12 English

The following passage has not been edited. There is an erpr in each line against which a blank is given. Write the incorrect word and the corrected word in your answer sheet against the blank as given in the example. Underline the corrected word that has been supplied.

Are you looking for the best NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English? Then, grab them from our page and ace up your preparation for CBSE Class 10 Exams.

Editing Exercises for Class 8 CBSE With Answers PDF

Looking for an easy way to Learning of new elementary english grammar and composition for class 8 answers, Solutions. You have to learn basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc… In this article, we will review the best English Grammer Topics and compare them against each other.

Editing is a stage of the writing process in which a writer improves a draft by correcting errors and by making words and sentences clearer, more precise and more effective.

• Always follow PPACTS RULE while editing a passage.
• PPACTS stands for P – Preposition, P – Pronoun, A – Article/determiner, C – Conjunction, T – Tense/Verb Forms (singular/plural), S – Spelling
• After reading the passage, identify the tense and see whether it is appropriate to the context.
• Check the subject-verb agreement

Editing Exercises Solved Example With Answers for Class 8 CBSE

In the passage given below, there is an error in each line the space provided and then write the correct word.

		Incorrect	correct
Nobody deny the fact that recreation is	a.	__________	__________
as important in life as work. All work or no	b.	__________	__________
play, makes life dull and boring. Life could lose	c.	__________	__________
its charm, any amusement in it. That is	d.	__________	__________
why recreation have always been an important	e.	__________	__________
part of human activity. Cinema are the most modern	f.	__________	__________
and the most popular form in entertainment.	g.	__________	__________

Editing Exercises Practice Example for Class 8 CBSE

In the passages given below, there is an error in each line. Write the incorrect word in the space provided and then write the correct word.

Editing Exercises Practice Example 1.

		Incorrect	Correct
Everything about an office room	(a)	______________	______________
At sanskriti college, Calcutta, were simple.	(b)	______________	______________
That is how Ishwar Chandra vidyasagar,	(c)	______________	______________
Who worked there, wants it. He did	(d)	______________	______________
Not liked any pomp and show. he	(e)	______________	______________
Did not need them, either. his learning but	(f)	______________	______________
Wisdom were the envy to many. he	(g)	______________	______________
Was not after riches. Whatever, he has, he shared with others.	(h)	______________	______________

Editing Exercises Practice Example 2.

		Incorrect	correct
Patriotism mean love of one’s native land.	a.	__________	__________
Just if we love our father and mother, so we	b.	__________	__________
love land of our birth. This feeling are called	c.	__________	__________
patriotism. Patriotism is a natural feeling at the	d.	__________	__________
heart. No one needs to teach us to love my	e.	__________	__________
parents. Love for parents is an inborn feeling.	f.	__________	__________
There is no need for teach patriotism.	g.	__________	__________

Editing Exercises Practice Example 3.

		Incorrect	correct
We are living in an age for science. Man has reached	a.	__________	__________
the moon. The unconquerable have been conquered.	b.	__________	__________
The dreams of yesterday was the realities of today.	c.	__________	__________
Atomic energy is the great power in the hands	d.	__________	__________
of man today. But the help of atomic energy, man	e.	__________	__________
should change this world into a heaven of prosperity	f.	__________	__________
or joy.	g.	__________	__________

Editing Exercises Practice Example 4.

The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each line. Write the incorrect word and the correction in your answer sheet as given below against the correct blank number.

		Incorrect	Correct
India is very fortunate that it have many	(a)	_____________	_____________
rivers. Their famous rivers are Sutlej,	(b)	_____________	_____________
Ganga, Yamuna or Narmada. Some of	(c)	_____________	_____________
the river like Ganga, which	(d)	_____________	_____________
originated from the Himalayas, flow	(e)	_____________	_____________
throughout a year. They provide water	(f)	_____________	_____________
for both drinking and irrigational purpose.	(g)	_____________	_____________
Some rivers in India are consider very sacred and are worshipped.	(h)	_____________	_____________