Bhagya

Order letters are written to assign orders for goods or items They are written in a very well-formatted and specific manner. They are quite common and are written on daily basis. The language of the letter is very formal. You should be very careful to impart complete and accurate information because incomplete information results in delayed deliveries. Moreover, these letters are to be written to the point only. You don’t need to add any extra information.

Looking for an easy way to learn English Grammar? then you are in right place. Here we providing basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc… In this page, we are Providing Placing Order Letter

Latter Of Placing Order Class 11 CBSE Format, Topics, Examples, Samples PDF

Placing Order Format

Address Given Date Ref. No. _____________ The manager Name of the company Address of the company Dear Sir/Dear Madam Subject: _____________Body of the letter: Ref. to quotation dated List of requirements/items to be ordered Date on which delivery is required Mode of payment Items to be in good condition and as per requirement. Yours faithfully Name Designation

Letter of Placing Order Class 12 Questions and Answers CBSE

Question 1.
You are Neeraj/Neeraja Shekhar, Principal, Vasant Public School, Pune. Your school has just started a music department. Write a letter to the Manager of Melody House, Pune, wholesale suppliers of musical instruments, placing an order for musical instruments for the school. Ask for a discount on the catalogue prices. (120 – 150 words).
Answer:
Vasant Public School
Ramdaspeth
Pune XXXXXX
2 March 2018
The Manager
Melody House
Shivaji Peth
Pune XXXXXX

Dear Sir
Subject: Order for musical instruments

We wish to place an order for musical instruments for our school’s newly started music department. The details of the order are as follows:

Name of the Musical Instruments	Quantity
Sitar	2
Drum set	2
Guitar	3
Tabla	6
Piano	1
Violin	4
Flute	10

Kindly find enclosed a cheque (No. 215272 dated 1 March, 2018) for ?50,000 drawn on XYZ Bank, being the advance payment against the above order.

You are requested to have the above items neatly packed and sent through your own transport. The delivery should be made within one month of receipt of this order by your company.

The items shall be delivered to the school in perfect condition. The balance amounj shall be paid by cheque within a week of the receipt of the above goods by us. We would request you to give us the trade discount on the catalogue prices.

Yours faithfully
Neeraj Shekhar
Principal

Question 2.
You are Nalini/Vishal, Hostel Warden, Zennith Public School, Kosikalan, Uttar Pradesh. Write a letter to the Sales Manager, Bharat Electronics and Domestic Appliances Ltd., New Delhi, placing an order for a few fans, microwaves, ovens and geysers that you wish to purchase for the hostel. Also ask for discount permissible on the purchase.
Answer:
Zenith Public School
Nehru Road Kosikalan
Uttar Pradesh XXXXX
Ref. No.: 9365/16521
26 January 20XX
The Sales Manager
Bharat Electronics and Domestic Appliances Ltd.
Daryaganj
New Delhi 1100XX

Dear Sir
Subject: Order for domestic appliances

We are pleased to place an order for the following items. Kindly send these at the above mentioned address through transport carefully as per the prices already negotiated.

Name of the Items	No. of Items	Brand
Fans 48″	50	Bajaj
Microwave oven	25	LG
Bulbs 60 W	100	Philips
Tubelights 40 W	100	Nova

Kindly ensure that all the items are in good condition and packed properly. The items must be delivered within 15 days of the issue of this letter. Any damage charges during transportation will be borne by you. Further kindly note that the transportation will be paid by you.

Yours faithfully
Nalini
(Hostel Warden)

Question 3.
Write a letter to Lightways Sports, Amarrpalli, Thane, placing an order for sports articles (Minimum 4) to be supplied to your school, ABC Matriculation School, Civil lines, Pune. Sign as Ravi/Raveena, Sports Secretary.
Answer:
ABC Matriculation School
Civil Lines,
Pune XXXXXX
Ref. No.: 9365/16521
19 January 20XX
The Manager
Lightways Sports
Thane XXXXXX

Dear Sir
Subject: Order for sports goods

This has reference to the quotation dated 19 December 20XX, given by your sales agent. We agree to it and hope ,that 10% discount, that is permissible to educational institutes, will be given on our order. Please send the following items on the above mentioned address.

Name of the Items	No. of Items	Remarks
Football ‘	10	Adidas
Cricket balls	10	Leather
Tennis balls	20	Vicky (brand)
Cricket bats	10	Adidas

Kindly ensure that all the items should be in good condition and packed properly and delivered within a week. The payment will be made by cash once the items reach us. Any damage during transportation will be your responsibility. Further please note that transportation chargers shall be to your account.

Yours faithfully
Raveena Khanna
(Sports Secretary)

Question 4.
You are Kavita Puri, computer incharge of DPS. Your school wishes to buy 20 computers and computer accessories from Apple Inc., 126, Ambience’s Palace, New Delhi. Draft a letter placing order giving all the specifications of the product and its quality.
Answer:
Delhi Public School
Mathura Road
New Delhi 1100XX
20 January 20XX
The Proprietor
126, Ambience’s Palace
New Delhi 1100XX

Dear Sir
Subject: Placement of order for computers and their accessories

This is to inform you that our school management has decided to place an order with your company for the supply of computers and computer accessories.

All the products should be genuine Apple. The price quotation submitted by your agent has been approved and the institutional discount of 10% offered by you has been accepted. Kindly send the following items on the above mentioned address.

List of Items	Apple Computer 16	Apple Headphones	Apple laptop	I-pad
No. of Items	25	15	20	18

Kindly make it convenient to send the delivery within 15 days of the issue of this letter. I am sure proper packing of the computers will be taken care of and responsibility for the damage caused during transportation shall rest with you. I hope future repairs and maintenance of the items will also be provided by you promptly and satisfactorily. The payment will be made through a crossed cheque to your agent on receiving the delivery. As negotiated earlier, the company will bear the transportation charges.

Yours faithfully
Kavita Puri
(Head of Dept)

Question 5.
Write a letter to the Municipal Officer of New Town, North East District, about the dilapidated condition of public monuments requesting him to take urgent steps for the preservation of this valuable heritage. You are Avantika/Amar, 10, Civil Lines, New Town.
Answer:
10, Civil Lines
New Town
Delhi 1100XX
25 January 20XX
The Municipal Officer
New Town
North East District
Delhi 1100XX

Dear Sir
Subject: Preservation of public monuments

I would like to draw your attention to the deteriorating state of historical monuments in the city. Despite several complaints, no action has been taken till date. Most of the monuments are in a pitiable state. There is no proper maintenance of these monuments. These have not been cleaned properly for years and there are heaps of garbage lying here and there. People spit on the walls and relieve themselves unchecked.

These monuments are part and parcel of our cultural heritage and need to be preserved and taken care of. Proper maintenance of these monuments should be our prime concern.

I hope speedy remedial action will be taken to preserve these monuments.

Yours faithfully
Avantika Verma

Question 6.
As head of the music department of your school, write a letter to Symphony Music House, placing an order for some music instruments. You are Saumya/Shivam Mishra of MBD School, Najafgarh, New Delhi.
Answer:
MBD School
24, B Block
Najafgarh
Delhi 1100XX
20 January 20XX

The Proprietor
Symphony Music House
Connaught Place
New Delhi 11Q0XX

Dear Sir
Subject: Placement of order for musical instruments

This is to inform you that our school management has decided to place an order with your company, for the supply of music instruments. The price quotation submitted by your agent has been approved and the institutional discount of 10 per cent offered by you has been accepted. The list of items is given below.

List of Items	No. of pieces
Sitar	5
Harmonium	10
Tabla	4
Tanpura	6
Guitar	2

I am sure proper packing of the instruments will be taken care of and the responsibility of any damage caused during transportation, shall rest with you. Kindly make it convenient to send the delivery within 15 days. I hope future repairs and maintenance of the pieces will be provided by you promptly and satisfactorily.

The payment will be made through a crossed cheque to your agent just after the delivery. As negotiated earlier, the transportation charges will be borne by the company itself.

Yours Faithfully
Saumya Mishra
Head of Dept (Music)

Question 7.
You are the librarian of Amla Public School. You had placed an order for textbooks with Dhanpati and Sons. Since the books did not arrive on time, you have decided to cancel the order. Write a letter to the Manager, Dhanpati and Sons, Chennai, cancelling the order.
Answer:
Amla Public School
5, Anna Durai Road
Chennai XXXXXX
26 January 20XX
The Manager
Dhanpati and Sons
19, M.G.R. Road
Chennai XXXXXX

Dear Sir
Subject: Cancellation of order

I hope that you are in receipt of our order No. A/27/2/04 dated 20 December 20XX for the supply of 200 copies of MA Kalam’s Accounting, by 10 January 20XX. I regret to inform you that the delivery has not been made till 25 January. We have no option but to cancel the order. We request you to kindly treat the order as cancelled.

I expect a written confirmation of this cancellation from you and a full refund within 7 to 10 days. Please find enclosed a copy of invoice.

Yours faithfully
Radha Rani Aggarwal
(Librarian)

Encl. Photocopy of invoice

In this article, we are providing Glimpses of India Extra Questions and Answers PDF Class 10 English First Flight CBSE, Extra Questions for Class 10 English was designed by subject expert teachers.

Glimpses of India Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English First Flight

Part I A Baker from Goa

Extract Based Questions [3 Marks each]

Read the following extracts carefully and answer the questions that follow
Question 1.
We kids would be pushed aside with a mild rebuke and the loaves would be delivered to the servant. But we would not give up. We would climb a bench or the parapet and peep into the basket, somehow. I can still recall the typical fragrance of those loaves. Loaves for the elders and the bangles for the children. [CBSE2014 ]
(a) Who are ‘we’ in the extract?
(b) Why were the children pushed aside?
(c) Which word/phrase in the extract means the same as ‘an expression of disapproval/a scolding’?
(d) What was there in the basket?
Answer:
(a) ‘We’ in the extract refers to the narrator and his friends.
(b) The kids were pushed aside so that the breads can be delivered to the servants.
(c) The word ‘rebuke’ from the extract means ‘an expression of disapproval/a scolding’.
(d) There were some loaves for the elders and some bangles for the children.

Question 2.
Marriage gifts are meaningless without the sweet bread known as the bol, just as a party or a feast loses its charm without bread. Not enough can be said to show how important a baker can be for a village. The lady of the house must prepare sandwiches on the occasion of her daughter’s engagement. Cakes and bolinhas are a must for Christmas as well as other festivals. Thus, the presence of the baker’s furnace in the village is absolutely essential.
(a) What are compulsorily prepared during Christmas in Goa?
(b) Why is a baker necessary in a village?
(c) Find the word in the extract which means ‘celebration meal’.
(d) What is must to be prepared on a daughter’s engagement by a lady?
Answer:
(a) During Christmas cakes and bolinhas are compulsorily prepared in Goa.
(b) A baker is necessary in a village because different kinds of breads are required by the villagers for daily consumption as well as for special occasions.
(c) ‘feast’ from the extract means ‘celebration meal’.
(d) The lady of the house must prepare sandwiches on the occasion of her daughter’s engagement.

Question 3.
The baker usually collected his bills at the end of the month. Monthly accounts used to be recorded on some wall in pencil. Baking was indeed a profitable profession in the old days. The baker and his family never starved. He, his family and his servants always looked happy and prosperous. Their plump physique was an open testimony to this. Even today any person with a jackfruit-like physical appearance is easily compared to a baker.          [CBSE 2016]
(a) Where did the baker record his accounts?
(b) Why did the baker and his family never starve?
(c) Which work in the extract is a synonym of ‘build’?
(d) How can a baker be identified in Goa?
Answer:
(a) The baker recorded his accounts on some wall in pencil.
(b) The baker and his family never starved because baking was a profitable profession.
(c) ‘physique’ from the extract is the synonym of ‘build’.
(d) Any person with a Jackfruit-like physical appearance is easily identified to a baker as their pump physique is an open testimony of their happiness and prosperity.

Short Answer Type Questions [2 Marks each]

Question 1.
What did the baker do first once he reached a house?
Answer:
The baker would first greet the lady of the house by saying “Good Morning”. He would then place the basket on the vertical bamboo and deliver the loaves to the servant.

Question 2.
How did the baker make his entry?
Answer:
The baker used to enter with the Jingling sound of his specially made bamboo staff. His one hand supported the basket on his head and the other banged the bamboo on the ground.

Question 3.
How do we get to know that the makers of bread still exist?
Answer:
The narrator states that the eaters of loaves might have vanished but the makers are still there. He further says that those age old, time tested furnaces still exist and the fire in the furnaces had not yet been extinguished.

Question 4.
What is the importance of breads for the Goans?
or
Why was the Baker’s furnace essential in a traditional Goan village? CBSE 2010
Answer:
Different kinds of breads are important during the different occasions. Bolinhas had to be prepared during Christmas and other festivals. The mothers used to prepare sandwiches on the occasion of their daughter’s engagement. So, the baker’s furnace was essential.

Question 5.
Describe the dress of the bakers.
Answer:
The bakers had a peculiar dress earlier known as the kabai. It was a one piece long frock reaching down to the knees.

Long Answer (Value Based) Type Questions [8 Marks each]

Question 1.
Instead of enjoying their childhood, the children today are keen to enter adulthood. After reading about all the joys that the author Lucio Rodrigues had in his childhood do you think such a keenness on the part of children is desirable?
Answer:
I don’t think that the keenness of the children these days to enter adulthood is desirable. Children these days are in a hurry to enter adulthood and have access to technology. Due to this they are learning things earlier than usual and getting matured beyond their age.
Hence, they are losing out their childhood and missing the joys that it brings with it. As per my thinking, they should grow at a slow pace and enjoy their childhood to the fullest. Children who miss out on their childhood cannot be a complete adult. So, they should not hurry up to be an adult and grow at nature’s pace.

Question 2.
After reading the story ‘A Baker from Goa”, do you think our traditions, heritage, values and practices are the roots that nourish us? Why/why not?     [CBSE 2015]
Answer:
‘A Baker from Goa’ highlights the importance of the traditional practice of making breads for every occasion and festival of the Goan people. This tradition continues even today. This shows how our traditional practices can keep us to our past and heritage.
Traditional values shape our personality and also provide us emotional support. They enable us to face difficult situations and makes us mentally strong. Traditional practices also have an impact on our behavioural pattern towards the other people in society.

Question 3.
‘During our childhood in Goa, the baker used to be our friend, companion and guide.’ What does this statement imply in relation tofhe character of the baker?
Answer:
This statement tells us that the baker was a very respected person in the Goan society because he would guide the children about good behaviour (when he mildly rebuked them for peeping into his basket and giving respect to the elders (when he wished “Good morning” to the lady of the house) etc. He was very informal with the children and so the author
considered him as a friend and companion. He was not simply a vendor interested in selling what he made. Thus, he was an important character in the Goan society of those days.

Part II Coorg

Extract Based Questions [3 Marks each]

Read the following extracts carefully and answer the questions that follow
Question 1.
Midway between Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore sits a piece of heaven that must have drifted from the kingdom of God. This land of rolling hills is inhabited by a proud race of martial men, beautiful women and wild creatures.
Coorg, or Kodagu, the smallest district of Karnataka, is home to evergreen rainforests, spices and coffee plantations.  [CBSE 2011]
(a) Which kind of animals are we likely to see at Coorg ?
(b) What is Coorg known for?
(c) Which word in the extract means the same as ‘having to do with war’?
(d) Where is Coorg situated?

Answer:
(a) We are likely to see wild animals in Coorg.
(b) Coorg is known for its evergreen rainforests, spices and coffee plantations.
(c) ‘martial’ from the extract means ‘having to do with war’.
(d) Coorg is situated between the midway of Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore.

Question 2.
The fiercely independent people of Coorg are possibly of Greek or Arabic descent. As one story goes, a part of Alexander’s army moved South along the coast and settled here when return became impractical. These people married amongst the locals and their culture is apparent in the martial traditions, marriage and religious rites, which are distinct from the Hindu mainstream.
(a) Which descent do the people of coorg belong to?
(b) Where can we find the culture of Coorg most apparently?
(c) Which word in the extract means ‘an act that is part of a religious ceremony’?
(d) Which story is famous about the people of Coorg?
Answer:
(a) The people of Coorg belong to Greek or Arabic descent.
(b) The Coorg people’s culture is most apparent in their martial traditions, religious rites and marriages.
(c) ‘Rites’ from the extract means ‘an act that is part of a religious ceremony’.
(d) It is said that the people of coorg were the descendants of Alexander’s army who settled here when return became impractical.

Question 3.
Coorgi homes have a tradition of hospitality, and they are more than willing to recount numerous tales of valour related to their sons and fathers. The Coorg Regiment is one of the most decorated in the Indian Army, and the first Chief of the Indian Army, General Cariappa, was a Coorgi. Even now, Kodavus are the only people in India permitted to carry firearms without a licence.   [CBSE 2013]
(a) What kind of stories are the Coorg people always ready to tell?
(b) What is the special favour granted only to them even now?
(c) Find a word in the extract which means the same as ‘courage and bravery, usually in war.
(d) Who is free to have a firearm without a licence in India?
Answer:
(a) The Coorg people are always ready to tell the tales of valour related to their sons and fathers.
(b) Kodavus are the only people in India permitted to carry firearms without a licence.
(c) ‘Valour’ from the extract means ‘courage and bravery, usually in war.
(d) Kodavus are the only people in India permitted to carry firearms without a licence.

Question 4.
The river, Kaveri, obtains its water from the hills and forests of Coorg. Mahaseer — a large freshwater fish — abound in these waters. Kingfishers dive for their catch, while squirrels and langurs drop partially eaten fruit for the mischief of ^enjoying the splash and the ripple effect in the clear water. Elephants enjoy being bathed and scrubbed in the river by their mahouts.
(a) Which river flows from the hills of Coorg?
(b) Why do the squirrels drop partially eaten fruit in the river?
(c) Find the word in the extract which means same as ‘wave’.
(d) What do elephants enjoy by their mahouts?
Answer:
(a) The river Kav?ri flows from the hills of Coorg.
(b) The squirrels drop partially eaten fruit in the river because they enjoy the splash and ripple effect created by the fruit hitting the water.
(c) ‘Ripple’ from the extract means ‘wave’.
(d) Elephants enjoy being bathed and scrubbed by thier mahouts.

Short Answer Type Questions [2 Marks each]

Question 1.
From whom have the inhabitants of Coorg descended, as per the legend?
Answer:
As per the legend, a part of Alexander’s army,
when retreating from India, went South and settled in Coorg when they found that they could not return home. Then they married among the locals and their descendants are the Kodavus. (the people of Coorg).

Question 2.
How has the Coorgi tradition of courage and bravery recognised in modern India?
Answer:
The Coorgi tradition of courage and bravery has been recognised by awarding the Coorg Regiment with the most number of gallantry awards. Besides, the Coorgis are the only Indians allowed to carry firearms without a licence.

Question 3.
Describe the wildlife of Coorg.
Answer:
The wildlife of Coorg consists of animals like macaques, langurs, squirrels, loris and elephants. The birds spotted in Coorg are kingfishers.

Question 4.
Describe any two tourist places of Coorg.
Answer:
The climb of Brahmagiri hills brings into a panoramic view of the entire misty landscape of Coorg. A walk across the rope bridge leads to the 64 acre island of Nisargadhama.

Question 5.
Describe Coorg’s weather. When is it most pleasant for the tourists to visit Coorg? CBSE2012
Answer:
The weather of Coorg is pleasant during the months from September to March. During that time, the weather is perfect with some showers thrown in for good measure. During the monsoon, it receives heavy rainfall.

Long Answer (Volue Based) Type Questions [8 Marks each]

Question 1.
The Coorgis are the descendants of the Greeks or the Arabs and are still are able to maintain their traditional practices. Do you agree that following these practices today is important? Why or why not?
Answer:
After reading the text, I feel that it is important to follow the traditional practices, as it has kept the tradition of Coorgis known to the people even today. If the people of Coorg had not followed it their tradition would have perished and nobody would have remembered themloday because of their culture and traditional practices. According to the text, their traditions can be seen in the martial traditions, religious rites and marriages. The Kodavus even wear the dress which resembles Arabs. Traditional practices also play a very important role in maintaining values amongst people and have an impact on shaping the behaviour of people.

Question 2.
How do Coorg’s location, people and natural features add to the diversity of India? CBSE 2016
Answer:
Coorg is beautifully located and described as a piece of heaven that must have drifted from the kingdom of God. It has rolling hillsides with a pollution free river and forests teeming with wildlife. Here nature exists in its pristine glory, which adds to the diversity of India. Further, it has coffee and spice plantations, quite different from the rest of India. The local people, the Kodavus, are a martial race. Of course, they are well known for their hospitality, just like all Indians. All these features of Coorg add to the diversity of our country.

Part III Tea From Assam

Extract Based Questions [3 Marks each]

Read the following extracts carefully and answer the questions that follow
Question 1.
“Chai-garam… garam-chai,” a vendor called out in a high-pitched voice. He came up to their window and asked,”Chai, sa’ab?” “Give us two cups,” Pranjol said. They sipped the steaming hot liquid. Almost everyone in their compartment was drinking tea too.
“Do you know that over eighty crore cups of tea are drunk every day throughout the world?” Rajvir said. “Whew!” exclaimed Pranjol. “Tea really is very popular.”
(a) How many cups of tea are drunk everyday throughout the world?
(b) Where were Pranjol and Rajvir when this conversation took place?
(c) Find the word in the extract which is an expression of astonishment.
(d) Who was selling the tea and where was he?
Answer:
(a) Over eighty crore cups of tea are drunk everyday throughout the world.
(b) Pranjol and Rajvir were in a train when this conversation took place.
(c) ‘Whew!’ is an expression of astonishment from the extract.
(d) A tea vendor was selling tea and he was outside the window of the train compartment.

Question 2.
We have an Indian legend too. Bodhidharma, an ancient Buddhist ascetic, cut off his eyelids because he felt sleepy during meditations. Ten tea plants grew out of the eyelids. The leaves of these plants when put in hot water and drunk banished sleep.
“Tea was first drunk in China,” Rajvir added, “as far back as 2700 BC! In fact words such as tea, ‘chai’ and ‘chini’ are from Chinese. Tea came to Europe only in the sixteenth century and was drunk more as medicine than as beverage.”    [CBSE2014]
(a) Who was Bodhidharma?
(b) How is medicine different from a beverage?
(c) Find the word in the extract which means the same as ‘ a drink’.
(d) When and where was tea first drunk?
Answer:
(a) Bodhidharma was an ancient Buddhist ascetic.
(b) Medicine is used for treating diseases whereas beverage is used for general drinking purpose.
(c) ‘beverage’ from the extract means ‘a drink’.
(d) Tea was first drunk in China as far back as 2700 BC.

Question 3.
Pranjol’s father slowed down to allow a tractor, pulling a trailer-load of tea leaves, to pass. “This is the second-flush or sprouting period, isn’t it, Mr Barua?” Rajvir asked. “It lasts from May to July and yields the best tea”. “You seem to have done your homework before coming”, Pranjol’s father said in surprise. „ “Yes, Mr Barua”, Rajvir admitted. “But I hope to learn much more while I’m here.”
(a) Why did Mr Barua feel surprised ?
(b) How did Rajvir want to spend his stay there ?
(c) Which word in the extract means ‘agreed’?
(d) What is the sprouting period of tea?
Answer:
(a) Mr Barua was surprised to know that Rajvir already knew a lot about the tea gardens of Assam.
(b) Rajvir wanted to spend his time discovering the beauty of Assam. He wanted to learn more about the tea plantations of Assam.
(c) ‘admitted’ from the extract means ‘agreed’.
(d) The sprouting period or the second-flush of tea lasts from May to July.

Question 4.
“Do you know that over eighty crore cups of tea are drunk every day throughout the world?” Rajvir said. “Whew!” exclaimed Pranjol. “Tea really is very popular.”
The train pulled out of the station. Pranjol buried his nose in his detective book again. Rajvir too was an ardent fan of detective stories, but at the moment he was keener on looking at the beautiful scenery.
(a) How do we know that tea is very popular?
(b) Rajvir was a great fan of reading detective stories. Why didn’t he like to read at that moment?
(c) Which word in the extract means the same as ‘well-liked’?
(d) Where was Rajiv busy when train pulled out of the station?
Answer:
(a) We know that tea is very popular because eighty crore cups of tea are drunk every day throughout the world.
(b) Rajvir didn’t like to read a detective story at that moment because he was more interested in looking at the beautiful scenery which passed by as the train moved.
(c) ‘Popular’ from the extract means ‘well-liked’.
(d) Rajiv was busy in looking at the beautiful scenery outside the train when train pulled out of the station.

Short Answer Type Questions [2 Marks each]

Question 1.
Where were Rajvir and Pranjol going and why?
Answer:
Rajvir and Pranjol were going to Assam as Pranjol had invited Rajvir to spend summer vacation there.

Question 2.
What did Rajvir see while looking outside from the train?
Answer:
Rajvir saw much greenery while looking outside from the train. He was amazed to see the soft: green paddy fields first and then the green tea bushes.

Question 3.
‘This is a tea country now’. Explain this with reference to Assam.    [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
Assam has the world’s largest concentration of tea plantations in the world. A large number of tea gardens can be found there. Most of the tea grown in Assam is supplied all over the world.

Question 4.
In what ways is China related to tea?
Answer:
Tea was first drunk in China. The words ‘chai’ and ‘chini’ are from Chinese.

Question 5.
Why did Pranjol’s father say that Rajvir had done his homework before visiting Assam?
Answer:
Rajvir was very excited about visiting the tea garden and thus, he studied a lot about it before visiting the tea garden. Thus, Pranjol’s father said that Rajvir had already done his homework before visiting Assam.

Long Answer (Value Based) Type Question [8 Marks each]

Question 1.
According to the text, Assam is said to be ‘tea country’. Do you believe that Assam has some of the best plantations in the world that makes it a unique country?
Answer:
In India, some of the best plantations like tea and coffee are grown in huge quantities. India is also a home to many spices like haldi and while Assam is home to tea, Coorg is home to coffee. Others which are grown exclusively in India and exported to various countries. These plantations make India a unique country which has not just traditional spices and beverage plants growing within it but also follows traditional agricultural practices.

For More Resources

• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English
• CBSE Class 10 English First Flight Chapter Wise Question Bank
• CBSE Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter Wise Question Bank
• CBSE Class 10 English First Flight Extra Questions
• CBSE Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Extra Questions
• CBSE Revision Notes for Class 10 English First Flight
• CBSE Revision Notes for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet

In the passages given below, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the word in your answer sheet along with the word that comes before and the word that comes after it, against each line number.

In the following passage, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing word along with the word that comes before and the word that comes after it in your answer sheet against the blanks given. The word that forms your answer should be underlined. The first one has been done for you.

Looking for an easy way to Learning of new elementary english grammar and composition for class 8 answers, Solutions. You have to learn basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc… In this article, we will review the best English Grammer Topics and compare them against each other.

Omission Exercises for Class 8 CBSE With Answers PDF

Omitting is a stage of the writing process in which a writer fails to include or mention preposition, article, conjunctions, tenses, pronouns, modal verbs, etc. (PPACTS) In other words, Omitting is defined as left out or left undone.

Omission Exercises Solved Example With Answers for Class 8 CBSE

Read the following passage. There is one word missing in each line where a slash (/) has been marked. Write the correct word in the space provided. Omitting (sample)

Man is basically / animal. The instinct of fighting is a. _________
inborn in him. Thirst for power/glory is a part of b. _________
his personality. / times, he behaves like a savage, c. _________
irrational beast. In spite of all claims / the modern d. _________
civilisations, man / even today busy in pilling up and e. _________
preparing terrible weapons/war. f. _________
Answer:
a. an
b. and
c. At
d. of
e. is
f. of

Omission Exercises Practice Example for Class 8 CBSE

Read the following passages. There is one word missing in each line where a slash (/) has been marked. Write the correct word in the space provided.

Question 1.
Directions: Complete the sentence using the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning sentence as a whole.
(i) Andrew ___________ right now. He wants to pass his test tomorrow.
(a) is sleeping
(b) is teaching
(c) is studying
(d) is eating

(ii) Kline ___________ a letter to his parents right now.
(a) is studying
(b) is writing
(c) is speaking
(d) is singing

(iii) Right now, William ___________ dinner for his family.
(a) is reading
(b) is talking
(c) is doing
(d) is cooking

(iv) Teresa and Jon ___________ soccer right now.
(a) are talking
(b) are writing
(c) are playing
(d) are making

(v) Right now, Marion ___________ a new car.
(a) is running
(b) is sleeping
(c) is buying
(d) is watching

(vi) Right now, Natasha and I ___________ The water feels good.
(a) are running
(b) are studying
(c) are helping
(d) are swimming

(vii) Right now, Marcel ___________ with his dog.
(a) is trying
(b) is playing
(c) is making
(d) is having

(viii) Tommy and I ___________ to a party on Saturday.
(a) are dancing
(b) are having
(c) are going
(d) are making

(ix) The baby ___________ right now. Don’t wake her up!
(a) is sleeping
(b) is walking
(c) is speaking
(d) is crying

(x) You ___________ English now.
(a) are drawing
(b) are studying
(c) are eating
(d) are having

Question 2.
Choose the correct option.
(i) Medieval knights were often ___________ for their outstanding chivalry and success in combat, but the truth is most knights only saw action in sparring matches or other competitions.
(a) commended
(b) envied
(c) acknowledged
(d) recognized

(ii) The athlete had been badly injured during play; although a nurse applied a cold press to the affected area, his ankle immediately began to ___________.
(a) swell
(b) cool
(c) diminish
(d) relapse

(iii) In order to ___________ his reign, the king had all of his competitors ___________.
(a) cancel, killed
(b) extend, eliminated
(c) solidify, promoted
(d) maintain, knighted

(iv) The elderly professor was often seen sitting in contemplation ___________. I imagine he was ___________ his long academic career.
(a) reliving
(b) reflecting on
(c) engaging in
(d) defending

(v) Compared to the skyscrapers that are virtually ubiquitous in modern cities, most city dwellings are quite ___________.
(a) diminutive
(b) massive
(c) spacious
(d) variable

CBSE Class 9 Maths Lab Manual – Algebraic Identity (a² – b²) = (a – b)(a + b)

Objective
To verify the identity a² – b² = (a + b)(a – b) by paper cutting and pasting.

Prerequisite Knowledge

1. Area of square = a², where side of a square = a.
2. Area of rectangle = l x b.

Materials Required
White sheets of paper, two glazed papers (pink and blue), a pair of scissors, geometry box, glues tick.

Procedure
Take any two distinct values of a and b (a > b) say a = 5 units, b = 3 units.

1. Draw a pink square of side 5 units and name it as ABCD as shown in fig. (i).
   
2. Draw a blue square of side 3 units and name it as EFGH as shown in fig. (ii).
   
3. Cut these squares from glazed papers.
4. Paste two squares on a white sheet of paper. Square EFGH is pasted over square ABCD as shown in fig. (iii).
   
5. Join FC. Cut the pink portion along FC and dotted lines. We get two quadrilaterals as EFCB and GFCD.
6. Now, place these two quadrilaterals on other white sheet of paper such that we get a rectangle. One piece of quadrilateral is reversed to other as shown in fig.(iv) and fig.(v).
   
   

Observation and Calculation
In fig. (i), area of square ABCD = a² = (5)² = 25 sq. units
fig. (ii), area of square EFGH = b² = (3)² = 9 sq. units
fig. (iii), area of quadrilateral EBCF + area of quadrilateral GFCD = area of ABCD – area of square EFGH
= (a² – b²) sq. units
= 25 – 9
= 16 sq. units … (i)
fig. (v), area of rectangle EDGB = EB x ED
= (a – b)(a+b)
= (5 – 3)(5 + 3)
= 2 x 8
= 16 sq. units … (ii)
From (i) and (ii), we have a² – b² = (a – b)(a + b)

Result
The identity (a² – b²) = (a + b) (a – b) is verified by paper cutting and pasting.

Learning Outcome
The identity (a² – b²) = (a+b)(a – b) is verified geometrically and can be verified by taking any other values of a and b.

Activity Time
Verify a² – b² = (a – b)(a + b) by two different coloured papers, by taking different values of a and b.
e.g., a = 7, b = 3

Viva Voce

Question 1.
Is (a² – b²) monomial?
Answer:
No, it is a binomial.

Question 2.
Write coefficient of x² in 49 – 4x².
Answer:
-4.

Question 3.
Write the factors of (x² – \(\frac { 1 }{ { x }^{ 2 } }\))
Answer:
(x + \(\frac { 1 }{ x }\))(x – \(\frac { 1 }{ x }\))

Question 4.
Simplify: (3 – 2x)(3 + 2x).
Answer:
9 – 4x².

Question 5.
Factorize: x² – \(\frac { { y }^{ 2 } }{ 100 }\)
Answer:
(x – \(\frac { y }{ 10 }\))(x + \(\frac { y }{ 10 }\))

Question 6.
Find the value of 95 x 105.
Answer:
Using the identity a² – b² = (a – b)(a + b),
95 x 105 may be written as (100 – 5)(100 + 5) = 100² – 5² = 10000 – 25 = 9975

Question 7.
Flow many zeroes are possible for x² – 4?
Answer:
2 zeroes, (2, -2).

Question 8.
Is x² – \(\frac { 1 }{ { x }^{ 2 } }\) a polynomial?
Answer:
No, as power of x in \(\frac { 1 }{ { x }^{ 2 } }\) is -2.

Question 9.
Write the coefficient of x² in 5 – 2x²
Answer:
-2.

Question 10.
Write the dimensions of a rectangle whose area is x² – 16.
Answer:
Dimensions are x – 4 and x + 4.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Write the factors of 25x² -1:
(i) (5x – 1)(5x + 1)
(ii) (5x – 1)2
(iii) (25x – 1)(25x+ 1)
(iv) none of these

Question 2.
Find the factors of 49 – 81y²:
(i) (7 – 9y²)(7 + 9y²)
(ii) (7 + 9y) (7 – 9y)
(iii) (49 – y) (49 + y)
(iv) none of these

Question 3.
Write the zeroes of 36x² – 25:
(i) \(\pm \frac { 5 }{ 6 }\)
(ii) \(\frac { 5 }{ 6 }\)
(iii) \(-\frac { 5 }{ 6 }\)
(iv) none of these

Question 4.
Write the zeroes of 49 – 64b²:
(i) \(\frac { 7 }{ 8 }\)
(ii) \(\pm \frac { 7 }{ 8 }\)
(iii) \(-\frac { 7 }{ 8 }\)
(iv) none of these

Question 5.
Evaluate 124 x 116, using the identity (a² – b²) = (a + b) (a – b) :
(i) 14384
(ii) 14834
(iii) 14483
(iv) none of these

Question 6.
Find all the integral zeroes of polynomial p(x) =x² – 4:
(i) 4
(ii) -2
(iii) 2, -2
(iv) none of these

Question 7.
Is (x – 2) a factor of 49x² – 25:
(i) no
(ii) yes
(iii) can’t say
(iv) none of these

Question 8.
Find p(0) for p(x) = (x – 1)(x + 1):
(i) 1
(ii) 0
(iii) -1
(iv) none of these

Question 9.
Write the degree of the polynomial x² – 81:
(i) 3
(ii) 4
(iii) 81
(iv) none of these

Question 10.
Write the factors of x² – 64 :
(i) (x² – 4)(x² + 4)
(ii) (x² +8)(x – 2√2)(x + 2√2)
(iii) (x² + 8)(x² + 8)
(iv) none of these

Answers

1. (i)
2. (ii)
3. (i)
4. (ii)
5. (i)
6. (iii)
7. (i)
8. (iii)
9. (ii)
10. (ii)

Math Lab ManualMath Labs with ActivityMath LabsScience LabsScience Practical Skills

Diary writing is the writing down of events, transactions and observations in a highly personalized manner. It is wrapped around creative thoughts and is basically the outpouring of what one feels or has experienced with regard to a particular stimulus. A diary can be written on a daily basis or at intervals, depending on the inclination of the writer.

Looking for an easy way to Learning of new elementary english grammar and composition for class 6 answers, Solutions. You have to learn basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc… In this article, we will review the best English Grammer Topics and compare them against each other

Diary Entry for Class 6 CBSE Format, Topics, Examples, Samples Pdf

Purpose of Diary Entry:

• Diary Entry is a personal record of experiences, observations, feelings, emotions, reactions, etc. written daily in a diary.
• It is an effective way to develop an understanding about ourselves.
• A diary entry is a way to connect with our own experiences.
• It is a personal piece of writing which reflects a person’s thoughts about a person, an incident or a place.
• It helps to deal with our feelings in private and lightens the burden of our heart.

Format:

• Top left- Date, Day and Time.
• Tense Most frequently used- Simple past, Present perfect and future.
• First-person used.

Steps:

• Begin the entry with general sentences describing the day or momentary feelings.
• In the body, you may discuss an event, your feelings towards it. How it is likely to affect your future plans.
• Conclude with final remark and future course of action.

Diary Entry for Class 6 CBSE Sample Example With Answer

10.15 p.m. Thursday March 23, 2017 Dear Diary The school had organized a quiz. My team and I had decided to reach an hour early for practice. But my alarm cheated me! I had set it to 6 a.m. I wanted to reach school at 7.00, but imagine my horror when I saw the time — it was 8 a.m. I was horrified. I washed my face quickly, wore my uniform, and rushed. At the gate, I saw my best friend. He pointed at my feet and started laughing boisterously. I was wearing different shoes in both feet! Looking at him, I could not control my laughter either. He offered that I take his shoes instead. I could not believe that he would do that for me. Becoming a laughing stock at the school is not fun, but he is a popular kid. He would probably make a trend out of this, I thought. So, I took his shoes and met my teammates who were just as nervous as me. We began to practise, only to realize that we were not exactly prepared for the quiz. Nevertheless, our teacher encouraged us to give it our best shot, and enjoy the experience. The quiz was not a total disaster either. We did manage to reach the semi-finals. Our teacher took us all to a nearby restaurant, and we had a party to celebrate our achievement. It was a great day. I reached home, where my parents were waiting to take me to the amusement park I had told them about in the morning. It turns out that good friends and family can make all the difference. I know I can always count on them. Sahil

Diary Entry for Class 6 CBSE Practice Example

Exercise 1
1. Write a diary entry expressing your feelings on your birthday.
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________

A poster is used to convey a message or some information through words, graphics, pictures, etc. A poster is usually made large and attractive as it is displayed on the walls. It can be used for advertisement or promotion or sale of some items or it can be used to spread a message. It is used by artists, film makers, advertisement agencies, political parties, NGOs, government departments such as public relations, health and family welfare, education or environment protection agencies for public awareness.

Looking for an easy way to learn English Grammar? then you are in right place. Here we providing basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc…

Poster Writing Class 12 Format, Examples

A poster is always prepared with a specific audience in mind and is a powerful visual means of communication.

A poster contains the following things:

• The topic of event/theme.
• Details associated with it like time, date, venue, etc.
• Some catchy slogans Full sentences should be avoided.
• Purpose or occasion.
• The message, appeal, awareness, warning or invitation.
• Name of the issuing authority.

A poster should always have an appropriate and catchy language. It should have creativity and originality. It should be clear and easy to understand. Various font sizes, catchy slogans, sketches, drawings and illustrations should be used to make it appealing.

Poster Writing Examples with Answers Class 12 CBSE

Question 1.
You were very upset about the reports on communal riots in various parts of the country. As a concerned social worker design a poster in not more than 50 words, highlighting the importance of communal harmony. You are Vinay/Vineeta. [AH India 2015]
Answer:

Question 2.
You are a member of the Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA)* Draft a poster in not more than 50 words to create awareness on the need to prevent cruelty to animals. You are Suhan/Suhasini Gagroo.
Answer:

Question 3.
You are a fitness trainer in a health club. Design a poster in about 50 words, emphasizing the importance of exercise ¡n maintaining niental and physical fltness. You are Prem/Priya Khurana.
Answer:

Question 4.
You are the secretary of the welfare association of your colony. An unfortunate incident of dowry death has occurred in your colony. Design a poster in not more than 50 words, highlighting the evils of the dowry system, to create awareness among the people.
Answer:

Question 5.
As an educationist you have noticed that the present generation is not interested in reading. Design a poster in not more than 50 words highlighting the importance of reading and the value of books.
Answer:

Question 6.
Draft a poster in about 50 words on the theme of ‘Each one.
Answer:

Question 7.
Draft a poster in about 50 words for a blood donation camp.
Answer:

Question 8.
Prepare a poster in about 50 words on the topic of Conservation of Energy.
Answer:

Question 9.
Draft a poster in about 50 words Ofl Water Conservation.
Answer:

Question 10.
Draft a poster in about 50 words on Say No to Plastic Bags.
Answer:

Question 11.
Draft a poster in about 50 words on the Importance of Yoga.
Answer:

Question 12.
Draft a poster in about 50 words on the Protection of Wildlife.
Answer:

Question 13.
Draft a poster in about 50 words on Careful Driving.
Answer:

Question 14.
Draft a poster in about 50 words on Vigilance (by Delhi Traftïc Police).
Answer:

Question 15.
Draft a poster ¡n about 50 words on the Importance of Trees.
Answer:

Basic English Grammar rules can be tricky. In this article, we’ll get you started with the basics of sentence structure, punctuation, parts of speech, and more.

Speech Writing Class 11 Format, Examples, Topics, Exercises PDF

A speech is an effective way of communicating a message to a large audience. It is one of the ways of spreading awareness regarding social issues or giving information regarding other important issues. As a form of writing, a speech is similar to an article except that it begins with a formal address to the audience, is more conversational in tone and concludes with a ‘Thank you’. A speech is written for a specific purpose like informing, persuading, convincing or entertaining an audience.

Components of a Speech Introduction

Introduction It begins with greeting the Chief Guest / Principal / teachers and other listeners. It may include a striking statement, short anecdote, a saying or anything else which will immediately make the audience interested. Then the topic of the speech will be announced along with the occasion, if required.

Elaboration of the topic It will include a sequence of ideas to build up to the summing up and conclusion. You may include examples, evidence or data to support the ideas. You can paint verbal pictures and dramatise or personalise the information.

Summing up Summarise the most important points in your speech but do not repeat them.

Conclusion. Depending on the purpose of your speech, conclude with a call for an action, an appeal, a warning, a request and an expression of thanks.

Points to be Kept in Mind

• A speech should begin with a catchy introduction in the form of an anecdote, quotation, statistical data or a thought provoking question.
• A speech must reflect the speaker’s clarity of thought, accuracy of facts and a balanced view through a comparison and contrast with other viewpoints.
• A speech may also give reference to newspaper reports, posters, advertisements or other stimuli.
• Restrict the main part of the speech to the word limit of 150-200 words.

Speech Writing Format for Class 11 CBSE

To enforce strict discipline in schools and colleges is a great problem nowadays. Write a speech in 150-200 words to be delivered in the school morning assembly on the problem of discipline. You are Mohini/Mohit.

Speech Writing Class 11 Examples with Answers CBSE Pdf

Question 1.
In order to promote reading habits in the students, your school has organised a Library Week. You are Ranjan/Reena. You have to speak in the morning assembly and inform the students about the week-long programme. You have noted the following points:

• days and dates
• new arrivals displayed
• exhibition of books by some publishers
• famous authors, I poets to visit and interact with students
• quizzes and competitions
• more facilities in the library
• new teenage magazines

Write your speech in 150-200 words.
Answer:

LIBRARY WEEK

Respected Principal,-Vice-Principal, teachers, and friends!
It gives me great pleasure to speak to you about the Library Week that our school has organised from 2nd to 9th September this year. This week is slightly different from the others. Here we have to shift the focus to mental attainment. The aim of celebrating this week is to inculcate reading habits among students. Reading, you know makes a man perfect. So new arrivals in the reference section such as the encyclopedia and dictionaries as well as general books will be displayed. National Book Trust and Oxford University Press are putting up an exhibition. We have invited Dr. Kailash Vajpayee to inaugurate the exhibition. He will autograph the books and interact with students. Other authors like Khushwant Singh and Ruskin Bond will also pay us a visit. During the week, a quiz competition will be organised. The Reading section will have more new magazines for teenagers’ interest.
I appeal to all of you to spend as much free time in the library as you can.
Thank you.

Question 2.
Media has a stronghold on society. Write a speech in 150-200 words, on how media influences public opinion, to be delivered in the school assembly.
Answer:
Respected Principal Sir,
honourable teachers and my dear friends, I, Mehak Prasad of class Xl-C, will enlighten you today on the fact that the media has a stronghold on society.

It influences public opinion significantly because people consider true whatever the media depicts, whether it is the electronic media like TV and Radio, social media like Facebook and Twitter, cyber media like the Internet and e-mail, or the print media like newspapers and magazines. However, in some cases, the actual situation is totally different from what is depicted in the media. Media dramatises the information to serve its own ends, and usually to gain popularity.

Everybody, yes everybody, are exposed to different forms of media. People are not always able to separate fact from opinion and believe or disbelieve what they see, hear, or read. This moulds their opinions and actions, thus enabling the media to have a stronghold on society.

Over reporting as well as under-reporting can lead to misinformed opinions. It is for the journalistic community to take initiative and seek to address the various concerns regarding the profession. The public also should be discerning enough to separate facts from opinions and form one’s viewpoint accordingly.

Thank you.

Speech Writing Exercises with Answers for Class 11 CBSE

Question 1.
Peer pressure is useful for the development of an individual. If there is no peer pressure at all then there would be no goal or aim to succeed. Write a speech on the topic -‘Is Peer Pressure Beneficial or Not?’to be delivered on account of the Children’s Day celebration in your school. (150-200 words)
Answer:
Respected Principal Sir, honourable teachers, and my dear friends, on the occasion of Children’s Day, I am going to present my views on the topic ‘Is peer pressure beneficial or not?’

Peer pressure is beneficial as long as we know our limits. It is all upto us to be so strong, so firm, so unshakable, and filled with conviction of not going on the wrong track.

Peer pressure is not always bad. Peers may teach you good habits and encourage you to follow them. Looking at what others do can help you bring a positive change in your way of thinking. Your peers, their choices, and ways of life give you a glimpse of the world outside the four walls of your house. What they think about things in life, how they perceive situations, how they react in different circumstances can actually expose you to the world around them. Being part of a larger group of peers exposes you to the diversity in human behaviour. This makes you reflect on your behaviour and know where you stand. Peer pressure can lead you to make the right choices in life.

Your peers can, thus, influence the shaping of your personality in a positive way. Moreover, it’s not pressuring every time, sometimes it’s an inspiration, which makes you change for good.

Thank you.

Question 2.
Racism is bad. Anyone and everyone can be exposed to racism. Write a speech in 150-200 words on the topic ‘Racism’ to be delivered in the morning assembly of your school.
Answer:
Respected Principal Sir, honourable teachers and my dear friends, good morning!

Why must I choose whom to befriend according to the colour of their skin? Is there anything written anywhere that makes one race above another? I am going to present my views on the topic ‘Racism’ today.

I am nobody to judge other people. In fact, we all are unique in our own way and we all should be judged on our individual and personal qualities.

We have lots of people who are filled with hatred-hatred pointed especially at the colour of the skin. But where does all this hatred come from? God has never conceived hate. Did he make us different just to see hatred and war? I don’t think so. Why can’t we carry out Martin Luther King’s dream about a world in peace and without any kind of racism?

Racism works against the principle of being equal and the right of all people to be treated fairly. Hating people because of their colour or other factors is wrong. We all have to stay together and thus, we need to make the effort to embrace and accept other cultures. This can start with the simple act of friendship. Let us start today.

Thank you.

Question 3.
The actions and behaviour of senior college and university students are a far cry from the normal, decent and civilised. It’s all the more reprehensible because even girls are subjected to indecency and vulgarity. Write a speech on the topic ‘Ragging’ in 150-200 words for your school’s morning assembly.
Answer:
Respected Principal Sir,
honourable teachers and my dear friends, good morning!

Ragging deserves severe condemnation and needs to be consigned to the dustbin of discarded ideas. Today I am going to present my views on the serious issue of ‘Ragging’.

The practice has now become a source of uncivilised behaviour, which brings to the fore animal instincts of the practising youth. It deserves to be curtailed, curbed and ultimately abolished. It calls for strict action and punishment. Any mildness in this regard amounts to giving it a further fillip.

The raggers may put forth unsustainable arguments that it is meant to bring the freshers into the mainstream of campus life, that it helps in rounding up the angularities of the freshers who are awkward and uninitiated in the ways of college and university life. The supporters of ragging also hold forth that this results in understanding and mutual liking, which blooms into friendship.

On the contrary, many ragging incidents result into attempted suicides. Youngsters are subjected to unwholesome and unhealthy practir 3. Such actions breed hostility and a strong desire to seek revenge. The ragged youngster nurses th„* numiiiation in mind and next year, will take it out on a newcomer. The practice, thus, continues.

Hence, it calls for condemnation and a total ban of this practise of ragging.

Thank you.

Question 4.
You have to speak in your school’s morning assembly on ‘The Ideal Indian’. Draft your speech based on the visual given below and your own ideas in 150-200 words. You are Shrishti/Sunil of class XI.

Answer:
Good morning, respected Principal Sir,

teachers and my dear friends. Today, I, Shrishti of class XI wili give my vision of The Ideal Indian’.

I have always dreamed of India to be a great country which will be a role model for other countries of the world. It will be a place where everybody is honest, trustworthy, caring and respectful so that the common man lives his life without any fear and has access to all the basic amenities required to lead a happy and * comfortable life.

Principles of basic education and employment will be followed here so that every citizen is both educated and employed. The Indian of my dreams will execute his responsibilities first and then only assert his rights. This will lead to a society where law and order will be maintained and people with good deeds will be appreciated, whereas the wrongdoers will be punished. This will inturn lead to an inspiring and empowering feeling in the minds of the citizens. Moral values, culture and heritage will be preserved here and passed on to future generations. That is the India I dream of. The ideal Indian will try to shun all malpractices and help the government in furthering the causes of national integration and maintenance of law and order.

Thank you.

Question 2.
You are Ashok, studying in class XI-B. You have been asked by your Principal to speak in the morning assembly on ‘The Importance of English’. Draft the speech in 150-200 words.
Answer:
Good morning, respected Principal Sir, teachers and my friends. Today, I, Ashok of class Xi-B, will highlight the importance of English in today’s scenario.

English is a universal language which is now needed to be known by everyone. Without English, one feels handicapped. If you travel to any part of the world, and even to some parts of India, knowledge of English sees you through. That is why most public schools in cities are teaching in the English medium. The primary reason is that parents want their children to be fluent in English.

To get a reasonable job, it is a must to be able to write, understand and speak English, as it is the language of communication. Due to this, most of the interviews for good jobs and even admission interviews for colleges are conducted in English.

Many people wish to study or work abroad. To know the local language may be difficult and learning it would take time, but if one knows English, it comes to one’s rescue. Even the best study materials for research work are available only in English, Computers which are widely used can usually be used only with knowledge of English.

Thus, English is a must in today’s scenario.

Question 6.
Advertisements exercise a lot of influence on the common man. They have invaded man’s life through media. You have to speak on ‘The Effects of Advertisements on Consumers’ in the morning assembly. Write your speech in 150-200 words. You are Sana/Suresh of class XI-B.
Answer:
Good morning, respected Principal Sir, teachers and my friends. Today, I, Suresh of class XI-B, will speak on The effects of advertisements on consumers’.

These days media is everywhere, be it TV, radio, newspapers, magazines, the internet and other media. These media channels solicit advertisements to pay for their costs. The media is so full of advertisements that after every few minutes or pages, what you find is another round of advertisements. These repeated advertisements create a psychological effect on the viewers or listeners so that the product gets imbibed into their subconscious mind.

It is this excessive advertising that the consumers should be careful of, otherwise they will land up buying a heavily advertised product which may not be good. Young consumers specially children and teenagers are carried away by varied choices and end up spending a lot of money on buying products which they may not use at all.

Consumers need to be careful and must enquire before buying any product by researching and taking other people’s opinions who have already used a particular product. They should also utilise the available resources on social media through friends and other means before committing to any buying decisions.

The better informed consumer will not be carried away by advertisement alone and will judge a product in a balanced manner before buying it.

Question 7.
You are the first speaker in the Inter-House Declamation contest being held in your school. The topic chosen for the contest is ‘Ban Child Labour’. Write your speech in 150-200 words. You are Ashwini/Anuradha.
Answer:
Good morning, respected Principal Sir, teachers and my friends. Today, I, Anuradha of Patel House, will speak on the given topic ‘Ban Child Labour’.

Child labour typically refers to employment of children below a certain age in organisations and industries with or without their legal permission. This problem is more acute in developing countries rather than developed countries primarily because of three reasons, namely low cost associated with child labour, the need of poor families to make their children work to get money and lack of will power for implementation of labour laws. Even within developing countries, it is the unorganised sector like shoe-making, safety matches, handmade clothes, bangles, carpet weaving etc that has a higher percentage of child labour.

The more disturbing part is the way children are treated during their employment. They are made to work long hours, not given proper food, deprived of basic sanitation and often exposed to hazardous chemicals during the course of their work. This results in lack of growth, injuries or at times, even death of children. It also deprives the children of tender care, right to basic education, love and time to play.

To stop child labour, the government must strictly implement labour laws and severely punish employers found guilty of illegal child labour. Then only we can promise a better future for the children of this country. The government must find ways to end poverty which is one of the root causes of child labour.

Thank you.

Question 8.
You are participating in an Inter-School Declamation contest and the topic chosen is ‘Keep Your Town Clean’. Basing your ideas on the picture given below, write a speech in 150-200 words to be delivered in this contest. You are Prateek/Pragati.

Answer:
Good morning judges, honourable teachers and my friends. Today, I, Pragati of Sunshine Public School, will speak on the topic ‘Keep Your Town Glean’.

We all know that ‘a healthy mind lives in a healthy body’. To maintain this good health, we should live in a healthy environment and surroundings. The most important of these are the sanitary conditions. We should not throw our litter or waste material anywhere, but use the dustbins provided by the Municipal Corporation outside the home and waste bins inside our homes. Garbage should be properly disposed off otherwise it will spread all kinds of diseases.

We should also try to ensure that all drains are covered. Stray animals should not be allowed in the colonies so that they do not dirty the drains and other areas with their excreta. Slum dwellers should be made aware of the necessity of healthy surroundings. Also, the Municipal Corporation sanitation staff should be taken to task if they neglect their work.

Friends, it is our responsibility to keep our town clean. Each one should do his/her bit; then only will it pay off.

Thank you.

Question 9.
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise’ is a well-known saying. You are Kavi/Kavita of class XI. Write a speech in 150-200 words to be delivered in the school morning assembly on the benefits of rising early.
Answer:
Good Morning respected Principal Sir, teachers and my dear friends.

‘Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise’ is a famous quote attributed to Benjamin Franklin, the famous American scientist. How right he was! So today, I, Kavita of class XI, will speak about the benefits of rising early.

According to research conducted recently, students who consistently wake up early each day actually scored better in tests and overall grade points than those who woke later on. Of course, this is not simply a result of waking up early, but when you wake up early, you’re more likely to take part in a fixed routine, and most importantly, you will eat a good breakfast. Late risers tend to skip breakfast to make up for the lost time, but this is a bad idea because your body needs those nutrients in the morning for energy and focusing on your tasks. Some of the most successful people in the world are early risers. It’s simple: if you wake up early, you get more time to get things done. There are less distractions in the early hours of the day and your brain is charged and ready to work hard. You are at your efficient best and will get things done quickly and efficiently. When a man is healthy and wealthy, he automatically grows wise. Early morning is the best time for the students and other intellectual workers to go about their work. They are fresh after the night’s rest and there is not much noise at this time to disturb them.

Thank you.

Question 10.
Shweta has to deliver a speech in the morning assembly on the topic: ‘The Generation Gap is destroying family life’. Write her speech in about 150-200 words.
Answer:

THE GENERATION GAP IS DESTROYING FAMILY LIFE

Respected Chairman, honourable judges, members of the staff, and my dear Mends!
I stand before you to speak my mind on “The Generation Gap is destroying family life’. There are many points to support this contention.
The generation gap has caused à chasm between the old and the young. There is a clash of ideas and ideals, tastes, ways of thinking, and lifestyle. The young hanker after luxury, comfort, and material happiness. They believe in full enjoyment and complete freedom. The elders insist on moral and spiritual values. They advocate renunciation and control of desires. The children think that their parents are slaves to customs.

The generation gap is evident in behaviour and manners of the two classes. The elders believe in strict obedience to a superior authority. They want that children must respect their elders and learn to be polite. The children pine for freedom. They resent all sorts of curbs. They demand freedom of expression. They want to have a say in family affairs. They insist that their views must be given proper consideration. This leads to bickerings, heart-burning, and tension in the family.

The elders insist on discipline and strict compliance of their orders. They advocate smiling acceptance of punishment meted out for breach of discipline. The young insist on unrestrained freedom and frankness. They advocate freedom of self-expression and are unwilling to tolerate any interference in their personal affairs—career, love-affair, or marriage. Thus there is a wide gap between the two generations. This difference in their way of thinking and behaviour is destroying family life.
Hence, I conclude that ‘The generation gap is destroying family life’.
Thank you.

Speech Writing Self Assessment Class 11 CBSE Pdf

1 Eating disorders are not a fad diet or an experiment to lose weight, but they are serious complex disorders that may take years to recover from. Write a speech in 150-200 words to be delivered in a seminar on } ‘Health and Fitness’ on the topic ‘Eating disorders’.

2 You have to speak on ‘How to Avoid Being Cyber Bullied?’ Prepare your speech to he delivered at the Inter-School Declamation contest being organised as a part of the annual cultural festival of your school. You are Darpan/Deepika. (150-200 words).

3 Write a speech to be given in the morning assembly of your school on the topic ‘Evil of Casteism in our country’ in 150-200 words.

4 You have been chosen for representing your school at the regional level Inter-School Debate Contest. Prepare a speech in 150-200 words for the same on the topic ‘Newspapers Ought to Contain More News and Fewer Advertisements’.

5 Parents play an important role in children’s education. Strangely enough, the same parents who complain of drawbacks in the education system during the early years of their children’s education, suddenly realise the importance of exams, results, percentage, coaching and competitions when their children come to class XI-XII. Write a speech on the topic ‘Role of Parents in Children’s Education’ in 150-200 words.

6 Despite rising taxes and increasing restrictions against tobacco use, there are still approximately 250
million smokers in India and the number is going up. Prepare a speech in 150-200 words on the topic ‘Quit Smoking not Life’ for a group of young smokers urging them to quit smoking. ”

7 The success of any business or consumer product in today’s world depends in part on the target market’s ability to distinguish one product from another. Branding helps consumers to ultimately identify a product from those of the competition. Write a speech for the morning assembly on the topic ‘Brand Names Cost More-But is the Quality Better?’ You are Suresh/Smita. (150-200 words)

8 Road accidents are a common sight. Further, people are often seen shouting at and threatening the people who have annoyed them in other ways. Even overtaking them quite legally can enrage them. Write a speech on the topic ‘Road Rage’ in 150-200 words.

9 Narcotics Control Bureau is organising a declamation contest in your school as part of its observance of International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking. Write a speech in 150-200 words on the topic ‘Youth and Drug Abuse’.

10 On the occasion of National Consumer’s Day, you have to speak on the topic ‘Consumer Rights and their Protection’. Draft the speech in 150-200 words.

11 The Delhi Government has banned the use of polythene and plastic bags as they are non-biodegradable and harmful to every living being and the environment. But still people are using them for carrying things. Write a speech, to be delivered in the morning assembly, on the topic ‘Say No to Polythene Bags’ in 150 – 200 words.

12 India is a country of festivals. There is a series of festivals which are celebrated throughout the year. They reflect our culture and bring us closer. Based on the visuals given below, write a speech in 150-200 words to be delivered in your school’s morning assembly on this topic. You are Kiran, class XI-A.

13 Games play an important role in our lives. They are not only a means of entertainment but also keep us physically fit. Some like indoor games and other outdoor. Write a speech in 150-200 words for your school’s morning assembly on the topic ‘The Importance of games in our Life’.

14 The Internet has become essential in our lives today. Some browse for many hours at a stretch every day. However, we know that excess of anything is bad. So by doing this, they not only waste their time but spoil their health also. Write a speech to be delivered in an Inter-Class Declamation Contest in 150-200 words on the topic ‘The Harms of Excessive Internet Browsing’.

15 High buildings, the Metro train, shopping malls, big parks, wide roads, etc attract people to live in metro cities. However, traffic jams, pollution, crime, and insecurity disappoint them. Basing your ideas on the picture given below, write a speech in 150-200 words to be delivered in the morning assembly on the topic ‘Disadvantages of Living in a Big City’.

Posters are an amalgam of notices, advertisements, and invitations. They may be in the form of large hoardings to be put up on walls, or the size of handbills to be displayed on the noticeboards, etc. Hence, they have to be captivating, attractive and persuasive so as to influence a large number of people. Generally, they are designed to create social awareness about current issues or to even extend public invitations and write notices.

Looking for an easy way to learn English Grammar? then you are in right place. Here we providing basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc… in this page, we are explained Poster Making Class 11.

Poster Writing Class 11 Format, Examples PDF

A poster is a very useful means to create awareness about current social problems or needs and issues or to even extend public invitations and write notices. Essentially a very brief communication with a powerful visual and a powerful message, a poster is always prepared with a particular target audience in mind. It very clearly mentions the theme or the topic, the schedule of an event and the occasion for it. The poster should be clear in communicating the intended message in an easily readable manner. It has to be captivating, attractive and persuasive so as to influence a large number of people.

Posters Writing Publicising and Highlighting

Posters can be used for publicising and highlighting the following

• Cultural show/ exhibition/ seminar/ workshop/ fair/ fete etc.
• Educational institutions and students’ activities.
• Promoting sales of a product or service.
• Influencing public opinion.
• Advancing a social cause and so on.

Types of Posters Pdf
There are two types of posters

A. For Awareness Of A Social Problem

• Details associated with the theme
• Effct of the problem
• Solution to the problem
• Any additional useful information

Points to be Kept in Mind

• A poster is designed to be put up at a public place, so it should be designed in such a way that it catches the attention of the passers by.
• A poster should have bigger/ bold/ capital letters because it is read by the public from a distance.
• A poster should not have any extra or irrelevant matter.
• A poster can be made more catchy by using phrases, slogans and attractive language.

Format of a Poster Writing CBSE

You are the Director of National Agriculture Organisation, Jaipur. You have to make the people all over Rajasthan state aware of the necessity of conserving water and also how to do it. Design a suitable poster to be inserted in the newspapers as well as being put up at prominent places in the towns of Rajasthan.
Answer:

Poster Writing Questions Answers for Class 11 CBSE Pdf

Question 1.
You are the Director of Disaster Management Authority. You want to make the people aware about earthquakes. Draft a poster for the same.
Answer:

Question 2.
You are the Marketing Manager of Starbucks Coffee Products Company. To promote the sales of ‘Starbucks Coffee’, you have to design a poster detailing the vast variety of Starbucks coffee available in restaurants all over India. Design a suitable poster.
Answer:

Poster Writing Topics for Class 11 with Answers

Question 1.
You are the Director of Health Services, Mizoram. You have to educate the public about the necessity of oral polio vaccine for small children. Design a simple and catchy poster to be put up at prominent locations in the whole state.
Answer:

Question 2.
You are the Principal of an English medium primary school. Design a catchy poster to instil discipline in the children which can be put up in the classrooms.
Answer:

Question 3.
Incidents of Road- rage are increasing day by day. Draft a poster on behalf of Delhi Traffic Police on Road Safety tips.
Answer:

Question 4.
You are a professional poster designer who has been asked to design a poster for recruitment of soldiers in the Indian Army, to be put up at prominent places in a district where a recruitment camp is to be held. Draft a poster giving details of the recruitment camp.
Answer:

Question 5.
You are Director General of Health Services. You want to invite people to come forward for eye donation. Draft a poster for the same.
Answer:

Question 6.
Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment needs a poster for its ‘Prevention of Drug Abuse’ campaign on the occasion of International Day against Drug Abuse (26th June every year). Draft a poster to raise public awareness against drug abuse.
Answer:

Question 7.
Draft an attractive poster for ‘Save Trees, Save Earth’ Campaign.
Answer:

Question 8.
Design a poster against the ill-effects of plastics on the environment. Suggest alternative solutions as well.
Answer:

Question 9.
Draft a poster to be issued by the Delhi Police cautioning people not to touch any unclaimed object.
Answer:

Question 10.
You are the Sports Instructor at Sadbhavna Primary School. You are arranging the Annual Sports Day of the school. Design an attractive poster to inform the parents of the students about it.
Answer:

Poster Writing Self Assessment Class 11 CBSE Pdf

(Here we have covered all types of posters.)

Question 1.
Repeated floods in various flood-prone areas in India have resulted in unprecedented damage and destruction to both life and property. Educating people on the precautions to be taken is the need of the hour. Prepare a poster for creating this awareness.

Question 2.
Design a poster to highlight the evils of the dowry system.

Question 3.
Design an attractive poster for a ‘Dog Show’ that your Kennel Club is going to organise.

Question 4.
MTV Roadies is going to conduct auditions for its new season. Create an attractive poster announcing the auditions.

Question 5.
Prepare a thought-provoking poster on the topic ‘Stop Child Abuse’. Use catchy slogans and visuals.

Question 6.
The police of your city needs a poster to raise public awareness on the increase in the number of cases of violence against women. Draft the poster for them.

Question 7.
You are making an effort to spread the message of Communal Harmony. Design an attractive poster to be displayed in the school campus.

Question 8.
Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, is organising a science exhibition in your school. Make an attractive poster announcing the event and inviting the general public to visit it.

Question 9.
Design a poster emphasising the ill effects of binging on junk food.

Question 10.
Design a poster urging people to adopt the three Rs — Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.

Question 11.
You are Gaurav, the Secretary of the Science Club of Avinash Public School, Rewari. Your school is organising an Exhibition on the cultural variety of India. Draft a poster to bring awareness among the school students about the importance of culture.

Question 12.
You are the Mayor of your town. The Municipal Corporation of your town has decided to conduct a ‘Tree Plantation Programme’ to make your city, a ‘Green City’. Design a poster to invite participation from the public for this noble cause.

Question 13.
You are the Publicity Manager of ABC TV Channel. Your channel is organising a ‘Talent Hunt Show’ of college students to be telecast on your channel. Design a suitable poster giving necessary details.

Question 14.
Prepare a poster on behalf of the local police advising the public to be wary of pickpockets in buses and bag snatchers on the roads. Suggest the precautions to be taken.

Question 15.
Prepare a poster for announcing the Annual Drama Festival of your school, asking for participation of groups of students interested. Invent the necessary details.

A letter is a form of written communication. Letters are of two types: formal and informal. Formal letters include business letters, letter of complaints, letter to government officials, etc. Informal letters include letters to friends, relatives, acquaintances, etc.

Letters can be either formal or informal. While informal letters are written to friends, family and relatives, formal letters could be official letters, business letters, job applications or letters to editor.

Looking for an easy way to learn English Grammar? then you are in right place. Here we providing basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc…

Letter Writing for Class 10 CBSE Format, Topics, Samples Pdf

Letter–writing is a form of written communication. Letters are of two types: formal and informal. Formal letters include business letters, letter of complaints, letter to government officials, etc., Informal letters include letters to friends, relatives, acquaintances, etc.

Formal/Official Letters

Formal or official letters are written to:

• Editors of newspapers
• Heads of different Depts; Directors
• Principals/Managers

Subject Matter:

• Complaints
• Reactions/Response to certain events/Speeches/Placing order for new items

Language: Formal, assertive
Format:

• Self Address (Sender’s address)
• Receiver’s Address
• Date
• Salutation (Sir/Madam)
• Subject: Reg……….
• Content
  • Refer to previous communication or source of news or information
  • Status (position/issue)
  • Analysis and reasons
  • Suggestion/Action required

Closing:

• Thanks
• Yours sincerely/truly
• Signature
• Full rank/name, if any

Inquiry Letter Writing Tips
Some useful language expressions

• We are interested in … and would like you to…
• Would you please tell me…/ send me the information…
• I shall be obliged if you could give me the following information…
• Be polite and formal
• Introduce yourself and mention your requirements
• Ask for detailed information about the product (price, discount, terms and conditions)

Complaint Letter Writing Format
Some useful language expressions

• We regret to remind you that…
• I am writing to complain about…
• We are sorry to inform you that
• Be polite and formal
• Introduce yourself and describe clearly what your complaint is
• Remember that the newspaper is only a medium to address the issue
• Do not ask the editor to resolve the issue

Letter To Editor Topics
Some useful language expressions

• Through the esteemed columns of your newspaper, I wish to bring to the notice of the concerned authorities…
• In my opinion…
• This is a very shocking/ disturbing use of…
• Describe your opinion clearly
• Say what you would like the receiver to do to redress the complaint (replacement/ refund of money/ free service)
• Mention your next course of action, if the complaint remains unattended.

Letter Writing Exercises With Answers Pdf for Class 10

Question 1.
You are Ashish/Astha, a resident of #254, Vigyan Vihar, Amla, Madhya Pradesh. You are worried to see your younger brother’s frequent habit of using Internet as a homework tool. Taking ideas from the input given below and your own, write a letter to the Editor of a popular newspaper, expressing your opinion on the advantages, disadvantages of the dependence of youth and the computers in the present times. (100–120 words)

In the techno world–24 hr access to the Internet–no doubt school children using Net as homework tool. has many advantages–quick way to find information update—more free time for other activities—provides a variety of sources. more drawbacks than advantages–students’ reading, writing and thinking skills seem to be disappearing—just copy information—some websites may contain inaccurate information no interest in listening to teacher in school–concept of hard work disappearing in present generation–balanced, sensible use of Net required.

Answer:
Write your letter in the following layout:

Question 2.
You are Rachna/Raghu, 15 Mall Road, Agra. You happen to see the following news item in a newspaper. Write a letter in about 100–120 words to the editor of the newspaper about your views on the matter.

New Delhi: The Supreme Court has passed an order that it is the responsibility of every citizen to look after their aged parents. If they fail, they will have no right of inheritance.

Answer:

Question 3.
You are Rizwan Ali, resident of 456, Rajouri Garden, New Delhi. Write a letter to the Editor of a national daily, drawing the attention of the concerned authorities to the deteriorating law and order situation in the city.
Answer:

456, Rajouri Garden New Delhi 15th May, 2017 The Editor The Hindustan Times New Delhi Sub: Deteriorating law and order situation in the city.Sir, Through this letter I wish to bring to the kind attention of the concerned authorities, my concern about the deteriorating law and order situation in the city.Incidents of theft, kidnapping, molestation, rape and murder are on the rise these days. Both, A person walking on the street (irrespective of the age or gender) or a person at home are unsafe. Everyone is susceptible to fall prey to the evil intentions of the antisocial elements in the society.There is no peace and disquiet has become a norm. Terrorists are seen wandering fearlessly in broad daylight.None of these criminals have been arrested so far. If arrested many of them go scot–free, those not arrested, are seen roaming freely on roads. It is time that laws are applied more effectively to curb the menace. I request the concerned authorities to look into this matter and take necessary actions to enable the residents to live in peace.Thanking youYours sincerely Rizwan Ali

Question 4.
Tourism being one of the biggest and fastest-growing industries globally, affects the economic, socio-cultural, environmental and educational resources of nations. Improving tourism industry in India would thus lead to national development in many spheres. As Ankit/ Ankita, write a letter to the Editor of The Times of India expressing your views on the same. You may take ideas from the unit– Travel and Tourism besides your own ideas. (about 100–120 words )
Answer:

12 Mall Road, Shimla–504321 July 28, 2016 The Editor The Hindustan Times New Delhi–110006 Subject: Improving tourism industry in IndiaSir, Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I would like to draw the attention of the concerned authorities towards the development of tourism industry in our country. India is a land of beautiful landscapes, rivers and places of religious, historical and cultural importance. We have innumerable tourist destinations which if used to their full potential can bring about a lot of development in the country. Tourism being one of the biggest and fastest-growing industries globally, affects the economic, socio-cultural, environmental and educational resources of nations.Improving tourism industry in India would thus contribute to the development of the nation in many spheres. It will have many positive effects on our economy. It will help in the growth and development of various industries directly linked with the tourism industry such as those pertaining to transportation, accommodation, wildlife, arts and entertainment. It also helps in the creation of new jobs.A lot of revenue will also be generated through foreign exchange on payments received for goods and services provided. The development of tourism also enhances the living conditions of the local people. It would therefore be appropriate for all concerned, to work towards perfect all aspects of this fastest-growing industry.Thank youYours sincerely Ankit

Question 5.
Our metropolitan cities witness a large number of accidents every day. What do you think is the reason? What can be done to bring down the rate of accidents? Write a letter in 100–120 words to the Editor of a national daily expressing your concerns and offering solutions to this problem. You are Arun/Aruna, 112 Model Town, Delhi.
Answer:

112 Model Town, Delhi. July 10, 2016 The Editor The Times of India New Delhi–110006 Subject: Rising number of road accidentsRespected Sir, Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I would like to draw the attention of the concerned authorities towards the increase in the number of road accidents in the metropolitan cities. The loss of life due to these accidents is also increasing. Why is this so?. The thrill for speed among the impatient youth or the underage drivers could be a cause. Blaming the youth solely for these accidents is not justified. There are many who do not follow traffic rules. The reason could be, to reach the destination in a hurry, stress leading to loss of concentration, distractions like mobile phone, road rage, the result is the same–accidents.Drunken driving is yet another cause of accidents. Everyone wants to live in luxury. With companies offering vehicles affordable EMI and costs, the dream of owning a vehicle is becoming a reality for many. However all this leads to an increase in number of vehicles on the road, thereby leading to more accidents.We need to take stringent measures to avoid these accidents. More policemen should be deployed to act as deterrents. There should be stricter punishment for even a small violation of rules. Another way would be to inculcate traffic rules and discipline at school itself.While issuing licence there should be comprehensive classes for traffic rules. In cases of underage drivers, parents should be held responsible and penalized. Another solution would be to car pool. This would not only reduce traffic but also reduce the pollution in the environment. If these measures are implemented, we will be able to save a lot of lives.Thank youYours sincerely Arun

Question 6.
The influence of friends can have both positive and negative impact on the students. Write a letter to the editor of a national daily in 100–120 words discussing how we can make it more positive and productive. You are Arun/Aruna 24, Mall Road, Chennai.
Answer:

24, Mall Road Chennai April 3, 2016 The Editor The Times of India New Delhi–110006Subject: Influence of friendsSir, Through the columns of your newspaper, I wish to draw the attention of the readers towards the increasing influence of friends on the life of youngsters these days. We hear a lot of youngsters referring to “Peer pressure”that affecting friendship these days. Friendship is a valuable relationship that helps the youth evolves. It establishes a strong bond between two human beings. Good friendship develops healthy completion among peers. Nowadays when stress has become a part of life, good friends help to reduce each others stress levels. A good friend will also be there whenever one is in trouble.Contrarily, the influence of a bad friend can be disastrous. One can develop vices like drinking, drugs, smoking, stealing, betting, etc. to be one among his peers, part of the crowd. The youth needs to understand that time, intelligence, money and relationship should be used in a productive way. One can learn a lot from friends. As a group, friends can take up projects and do social work. In a friendship, friends need to be encouraging and supportive of each other. On each other, have a positive influence.Thank youYours sincerely Arun

Question 7.
Many complaints about unfair means being used in exams have been reported. Write a letter to the Editor of a national daily newspaper in 100–200 words giving reasons . for this trend and suggest measures to combat this. You are Arun/Aruna 12 Fort Road Kochi.
Answer:

12, Fort Road Kochi September 20, 2015 The Editor The Hindustan Times New Delhi 110006Subject: Use of unfair meansSir, Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I would like to draw the attention of the concerned authorities to the alarming rise in the use of unfair means by students while appearing for exams.Students get chits, and use latest gadgets to copy. There are some who use the old method copying from the peers. Many are caught by the exam squads and suspended. Some even lose a year. But still the practice continues.What is it that is forcing students to fall prey to this dangerous practice? The primary reason is the high expectations of parents and teachers. Then there is peer pressures. The competition to be at the top. There are some who copy due to lack of preparation. Sometimes, fear of failure and poor vigilance also make students use unfair means during exams.The need of the hour is to take immediate measures to help the students. The teachers and parents need to play an active role in sensitizing students about the importance of learning. They should instill life skills and values of integrity and honesty. Vigilant should be excellent quality. We need to manoeuvre our children on to the right path.Yours sincerely Arun

Question 8.
You are Mr. Malik, the coordinator of the ABC Public School. Write a letter to place a bulk order for school uniform to M/S Sinha Garments.
Answer:

12 Pandeer Road, New Delhi 6th February, 20xx M/s Sinha Garments New DelhiSubject: Order for school uniform setsDearSir, This letter is with reference to the meeting that took place at your factory. We wish to purchase uniform material for our students from you. Our requirement is as follows: Size Quantity Small 80 Medium 75 Large 45 A total of 200 pieces. Please note that the entire payment will be made only after the delivery. Kindly make the delivery on or before 2nd April 20xx. I request you to offer us a discount on the order and send us the official bill along with the product. Please review the order and if you have any recommendations, or need any clarification, please contact the undersigned. We hope for a long–term association with you. Yours Sincerely Karan Malik Mob. No. 9811x XXXXX

Question 9.
You are Somita Roy, the librarian of ABC Puhlic School, New Delhi. Write a letter to the Unique Book Co., New Delhi, complaining about the poor quality of books supplied to your library.
Answer:

ABC Public School New Delhi 8th July, 2017 The Unique Book Co. New Delhi Subject: Supply of poor quality of booksDear Sir, We regret to inform you that the quality of books supplied by you to our library is quite deplorable and poor. ABC Public School has been your old and regular customer. We placed an order for the purchase of about five hundred books for the school library. The books supplied are poor in quality, not the latest editions and most of them are not the ones we had ordered. Please note that errors made in the supply given below and expedite the matter at the earliest. (a) Thirty copies of Modern Mathematics (10th Standard) 2015 Edition Supplied. (b) Thirty copies of English Grammar (10th Standard) 2015 Edition Supplied. Whereas 2017 Editions of the above-mentioned books are available in the market. We ordered for thirty copies of ‘History of India’ by S.K. Rao but received 10 copies of ‘History of India’ by S.P. Singh. Twenty copies of Science books are really in a bad shape and cannot be accepted as such. Please effect the changes on or before 1st of August, 2017. Yours faithfully Somita Roy Librarian

Question 10.
You are John/Jennifer, the incharge of tour and excursion club of Grand Public School, Agra. During the summer break, you are planning to organise a tour to a place of historical importance. Write a letter to the India Travel and Tour Agency, Agra, enquiring about the charges, facilities and all the other necessary details.
Answer:

Grand Public School, Agra 6th April, 20xx The Manager, India Travel and Tour Agency, Agra Subject: Enquiry about the charges and facilitiesSir, Grand Public School, Agra is organising a tour to a place of historical importance during the summer break. We are planning a tour in the first week of May. It would be a tour for three days. We are a group of twenty–five students, four teachers and two peons. Kindly furnish the following details regarding the tour and oblige. Information regarding the package tours provided by your agency. Arrangement for accommodation of the students, the teachers and the peons. Number of rooms and their total charges. Arrangements of breakfast, lunch and dinner and the charges per head. Arrangement of luxury buses and the charges for each bus. Any other information or relevant details regarding the tour. Yours faithfully John/Jennifer (Educator) Tour Incharge

Question 11.
Accidents in big cities is a common phenomenon. Unfortunately, hardly anyone comes to the rescue of road victims because of fear of harassment by the police. Now that the Supreme Court has issued guidelines that people who take road victims to a hospital will not be questioned or detained, there is no reason why bystanders/passersby should hesitate to help road victims and thus discharge their duty as responsible citizens. Write a letter in 100–120 words to the editor of a national daily requesting him to make people aware of Supreme Court guidelines and urge them to help people in distress. You are Shom/ Shobha, 24, Raj Nagar, Kanpur.
Answer:

24, Raj Nagar Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 12th March, 2018 The Editor Times of India Kanpur Subject: Supreme court directive.Sir, As a conscientious citizen of this great country, I consider it is my duty to make a humble request to your esteemed newspaper, towards effecting a very noble social cause. Road accidents are on the rise. Research says that we lose 17 lives every hour. Most often this is due to the non-availability of instant medical help. People hesitate to help a victim, because of the complications they get entangled in with the police.Through the columns of your paper, kindly spread awareness among the public about the guidelines issued by the Supreme Court, regarding the security of those who come forward to help. This may encourage people to be more responsible.Please help me in my endeavor.Yours faithfully (signature) Shobha sen

Question 12.
Accidents in big cities is a common phenomenon. Unfortunately, hardly anyone comes to the rescue of road victims because of fear of harassment by the police. Now that the Supreme Court has issued guidelines that people who take road victims to a hospital will not be questioned or detained, there is no reason why bystanders/passersby should hesitate to help road victims and thus discharge their duty as responsible citizens. Write a letter in 100–120 words to the editor of a national daily requesting him to make people aware of Supreme Court guidelines and urge them to help people in distress. You are Shom / Shobha, 24, Raj Nagar, Kanpur.
Answer:

12 Station Road Delhi 12th March, 2018 The Editor The New Indian Express New Delhi Subject: Problems faced by outstation students in DelhiSir, I wish to draw the attention of the concerned authorities towards the problems students from other states face when they join universities in Delhi.One of the major problems is that of finding an affordable accommodation. Institutions are not equipped to accommodate all the students. The rent charged by local landlords is exorbitant, rules and regulations they put forward are unreasonable, convenience that they provide is minimal, and security is not their responsibility. Students belonging to specific cultures are denied accommodation.May I suggest the following measures to solve the problems: government set a slab and pull up errant landlords Make it mandatory for educational institutions to cater to students requiring accommodation, along with meeting their food and medical needs. Through the columns of your esteemed daily I request you to bring our problems out in the public domain and help bring about a respite to the students who are miles away from their families. Yours faithfully Signature Raman Lyer

Question 13.
Shantikunj is a thickly populated locality inhabited mainly by the working-class people. Unfortunately, there is no Mother Dairy milk booth in the locality. Write a letter in 100–200 words to the editor of a local daily drawing the attention of the authorities to the problem faced by the people, requesting them to open a milk booth. You are Ram/Roma, 4, Shantikunj, Delhi.
Answer:

4 Shantikunj Delhi 16 March, 2018 The Editor The New Indian Express Delhi Subject: Request for a Mother Dairy Milk BoothSir, Shantikunj is a very thickly populated locality consisting of people belonging to the working class, i.e. the 4th–grade category of workers. Both men and women step out to fend for the upkeep of their families. Milk is considered to be one among the staple food varieties by our community. As the old concept of fresh milk being delivered at the doorstep has become a thing of the past, we face a lot of difficulty in securing milk to’give our children.Mother Dairy, which is considered to be the main milk provider in Delhi, does not have a booth in our area. Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I seek support in drawing the attention of the concerned authorities to set up a milk booth in our locality at the earliest.Thanking youYours faithfully (signature) Roma Mittal

Letter Writing Exercises for Class 10 CBSE

1. Software engineers from India have the reputation of being among the best in the world. Most of them migrate to other countries while their own country needs them the most. This is a matter of serious concern. Taking clues from the following visual and verbal input, write a letter to the editor of a famous newspaper expressing concern over the issue of brain drain in about 100–120 words.

Human capital flight, more commonly referred to as “brain drain”—the large–scale emigration of a large group of individuals with technical skills or knowledge. The reasons—(in source countries: lack of opportunities, political instability, economic depression, health risks; in host countries: rich opportunities, political stability and freedom, developed economy, better living conditions). In terms of individual reasons–family influence (overseas relatives, and personal preference: preference for exploring, ambition for an improved career). Loss to nation—the draining of skilled individuals—wheel of developing nations–great loss to these developing nations.

2. The visuals given here make it quite clear that the number of female children has drastically declined as indicated by “too many puppy–dogs’ –tails. The matter of concern is that their number is steadily shrinking. Taking inputs from your Unit–2, ‘Education’ and the visuals, given below, write a letter to the Editor of a national daily expressing your worry on the skewing sex ratio in the nation, in about 100–120 words.

3. Vishal came across the following newspaper clipping about a cholera and typhoid epidemic. Write a letter to the Editor of a local magazine emphasising the need to create awareness of the spread, prevention and treatment of such diseases. Taking ideas from the hints given below, and using your own ideas, write the letter in 100–120 words.

New Delhi: Twenty people died and several have been hospitalised in the Dhari village of UP due to the spread of cholera and diarrhoea. Doctors are of the opinion that lack of hygiene is the main reason for the outbreak of such an epidemic.

4. You are concerned about the increased incidents of road accidents involving school children. The main reason is the reckless driving habits of children. You decide to express your views in the form of a letter to the Editor of ‘The Hindu’ discussing this problem. Also suggest measures to combat the problem. Write the letter in not more than 120 words. You may use the following clues:

Owning vehicles at a young age – fashion statement–reckless driving to compete with friends – clash of egos – unable to understand that speed thrills but kills – don’t adhere to the traffic rules – don’t wear helmets – don’t listen to parents – must enforce use of public transport – parents to monitor – schools to make strict rules.

5. While reading a magazine you came across the following article:

There is a growing lack of sensitivity and respect for our fellow creatures. There is talk about the food web and the energy cycles and ecological balance and how removal of any element disrupts the whole system, and how this can affect human beings too. What this approach lacks is the essential interaction with Nature and with other human beings. Indeed, in many environmental activities the opposite takes place.

You are an educationist and feel that Environmental Education imparted in schools, needs reorientation. The stress should not be on preserving Nature for human use, but for protecting animals and plants for their own sake. Based on the information given above and using your own ideas, write a letter to the Editor of a national daily in about 100–120 words on the subject and give it a suitable title.

6. The condition of the public park in your locality is miserable and it is also misused by some mischievous people. Write a letter to the Editor of a local newspaper with the help of the points given below in 100–120 words. You are Ritu/Ravi, A–15 Kailash Colony, New Delhi.

poorly managed parks – heaps of garbage lying everywhere boundary wall broken – grass is scrounge very dirty, animals resting there – drunkards sit inside sometimes robbed lonely passerby – people are scared to go there

7. The number of tourists going to the hill stations is increasing. This has led to the commercialization and its ill effects are more and more hotels, garbage, effect on the life of the locals etc. Write a letter to the editor of a national daily expressing your concern over the situation. (100–120 words).

8. You are Rohit Verma of Class X in Vikas Sr Sec. School, Anand Vihar, New Delhi. Write a letter to the Editor of a local newspaper expressing your views on the importance of English (100–120 words).

9. You are Rakhi/Ashok. You have seen the following news item in a newspaper. Video games, internet, cell phones and other high–tech gears are the accessories of growing up in a digital world. But parents are concerned about the amount of time their children spend with these and worry that it might be distracting and hint them their academic and social development.

Write a letter to the Editor of ‘The Pioneer’in 100–120 words expressing your views.

10. You are Mr Satish Kaushik, the Sports Instructor in ABC Convent, New Delhi. The Principal of the school asked you to place an order for buying cricket kits, volleyball nets, footballs, badminton and other necessary sports accessories. Write a letter to place an order with Star Sports, New Delhi.

11. The Nobel Laureates, namely Rabindranath Tagore, C.V. Raman, Mother Teresa and Amartya Sen have done our country proud. However, greatness is not confined to a country or a political territory. Such people work selflessly for humanity and inspire us also to follow their path. Write a letter to the Editor of a local newspaper in 100–120 words. Take ideas from the input given below on the importance of being an ideal human being and an ideal citizen.

We should learn from the action of Nobel Laureate. Not follow the path of corruption and unlawful means Not being selfish Be kind, generous, humble Sharing with the people who do not have We should work towards becoming a better global society

12. Corruption has got into the nerve of the whole world and as a result, the corruption endemic commands a réprehensive global presence. Some of the social workers are reacting encouraging them and making the people aware of this evil practice and to raise their voice against corruption. As a concerned citizen, write a letter to the editor of a national daily highlighting the problem and suggesting ways and means to curb the menace about 100–120 words. You can take ideas from the input given below.

Corruption – wider phenomenon – omnipresent – growth hindered – brings havoc to the society – more dangerous than AIDS – creates income inequalities – economic offence – bribe – law thwarting – more damaging–should be uprooted – more vigilance required – urgent need to curb the monster.

13. You are Peter residing at D–25, Vivek Vihar, Lucknow. Write a letter to the General Manager of Lucknow Transport Undertaking to report about the poor, irregular local bus service and with a request to find a solution.

14. Accidents are caused almost everyday by stray bulls in the city. Write a letter to Mumbai Municipal Corporation’s Commissioner complaining about danger posed by this in about 100–120 words. You are Amrit Raj living at 21, Shivaji Enclave, Andheri, Mumbai.

15. Write a letter to the editor of ‘The Times of India’ expressing your concerns about the deteriorating food habits and increasing health issues of teenagers. You are Raman/Reema of Plot 26, Indirapuram, Bengaluru.

16. You are Amit/Amrita. You are surprised to see the poor infrastructural and educational conditions in government schools. Write a letter to the Editor of a leading newspaper, to urge the authorities to focus their attention on these school and to take necessary steps for their improvement. You may take help from the hints given below:

Poor infrastructure no toilet leaking roofs lack of efficient teachers lack of basic teaching aids no benches and furniture lack of teachers

17. You are Sameer/Sanjana. Write a letter to the editor of a local daily on ‘the acute shortage of water in the summer months’ in about 100–120 words.

You may take help from following hints:

Water table falling rapidly Scarce rainwater Unbridled urbanisation Burgeoning population Pollution–groundwater unfit to drink.

18. You are Chandan. You are unhappy to see that many vendors and shopkeepers keep the eatables uncovered. Dust and flies settle on these items. Ignorant people eat them and suffer from serious diseases like food poisonings, typhoid, jaundice, etc. Write a letter to the Editor of a leading newspaper to express your anxiety and suggest remedies in this regard. You could take help from the points given below.

The present condition of the vendors Eatables are uncovered people should be aware Health Dept. sleeps over the problem Quick action is required

19. You are Manav. You are distraught with the rising number of crimes against women. Write a letter to the Editor of a national daily expressing your concern on the issue. Also suggest measures to quell this menace.

20. Elections are round the corner. Various parties are offering freebies. This practice continues till a day before the elections. Write a letter to the Editor of a national daily expressing your disgust at the cheap topics being adopted by political parties to lure the poor towards them just for the sake of securing their votes. You are Ahmed/Ambika.

21. You are Kaizim/Kumud of 148, Raja Nagar, Delhi. You are awaiting your class 12th results. Meanwhile, you would like to do a short–term course on etiquette development. Write a letter to The Director, Personal Care, Hyderabad, enquiring about the course details. (100–120 words)

22. You are Suresh/Sarika Jain of H.No. 20, Jawahar Nagar, Jaipur. Two months ago you bought a desert cooler from M/s Cool Home Coolers, Jaipur. Now you discover that it is not working properly. Write a letter to The Manager (Customer Care) complaining about the malfunctioning of the unit and asking them to repair or if needed to replace it against the warranty that goes with it.

23. You are Satish/Sonali, the student prefect in charge of the school library. You have been asked by your Principal to write a letter to place an order for children’s storybooks (10 – 13 years). Write a letter to M.S.Book Depot, Ramnagar, Bikaner placing an order for the books. Invent the necessary details (100–120 words).

24. You are interested in taking a membership at The British Council library in Delhi. Write a letter to The Head Librarian asking for the details and the required procedure. You are Ahmed/Amina.

25. You are Upendra/Rashika staying at 3, Jawahar Nagar, Jaipur. Last year you bought a telephone answering system with Çeltel from the ‘Electronic World of Chandigarh. Though it records the caller’s message, it does not save it. Write a letter to the dealer complaining about the problem. Also request him to replace it, if needed, against the warranty that goes with it.

Articles are written to give information in a wide range of contexts for magazines or newspapers. They are a relatively long and sustained piece of writing. They give information on a variety of themes such as describing an event, person, someone’s life and actions, places, and experiences. They can also be an expression of the writer’s opinions on topics of social interest or arguments for or against a topic and they often offer suggestions.

Looking for an easy way to learn English Grammar? then you are in right place. Here we providing basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc… In this page, we are providing Article Writing Class 12.

Article Writing Topics for Class 12 CBSE Format, Examples Pdf

An article is a piece of writing about a particular subject for a newspaper or magazine. In fact, it is like a direct conversation with the reader. The first thing required in an article is an interesting title to catch the attention of the reader. It should be engaging enough to make the reader go from beginning to end. Make sure that the ideas are well organized. Spend some time in collecting the ideas and organizing them in a proper sequence. An article should end with the summing – up of the points made and drawing a conclusion from that.

Article Writing Topics for Class 12 With Answers CBSE

Question 1.
Hard work and punctuality are essential for a happy and successful life. They help in meeting the desired targets of our life. You are Kavya/Kanha. Write an article in 150 – 200 words highlighting the importance of hard work and punctuality in a student’s life.
Answer:

Hard work and punctuality in a student’s life
by Kavya

Hard work and punctuality are indispensable in a student’s life to reach the top. Students should develop this habit from the beginning of their life. If they becorrie punctual and hard-working, they can achieve success and happiness in life. So, punctuality and hard work are the requesites in a students life to meet his desired target in life.

Let us take a few examples. If a student comes late to his class, he misses the lesson, and the teacher becomes annoyed with him. Unpunctuality is considered a symbol of rudeness or uncivilized manner. Napoleon lost the battle of Waterloo because his marshal was too late to come to his chiefs side. Nelson once said that he owed his success in life due to punctuality.

Hence, hard work and punctuality lead a student to the path of success. So, every student is expected to work hard and do their assigned home work punctuality. Teachers will love him and success will come to him. Indeed, he will be blessed with punctuality.

Question 2.
The youth of today are the leaders of tomorrow. As a teenager you want India to achieve certain goals in the next ten years. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on ‘India After Ten Years’. You are Prabhu/Prabha. Use the following clues:

• Education
• Health
• Communication
• Infrastructure
• Inflation
• Employment

Answer:

Indian After Ten Years
by Prabhu

What is India today and what will it be after ten years is a question that is constantly engaging the youth of today who are the leaders of tomorrow.

India today is faced with manifold problems such as spread of education, health hazards, communication problems, infrastructure, inflation and unemployment. Though in the next ten years, the situation will not change much, the youth today have better education, better connection with home and abroad, better internet connectivity and wider social networking. It is hoped that in the next ten years, India will add about three times to its present GDP. Life expectancy will cross 70 for both the genders. There will be more traffic and more problems, more pollution. It is also hoped that people living below poverty line will be near zero before the year 2025. Human Development Index will be less than 50 against 127 today. Every youth will have a quality training with globally competitive employable vocation skill.

Question 3.
Our performance in Rio Olympics has told us that we do not pay enough attention to athletics and outdoor games. It is time we revised our attitude. Sports should be an important part of school’s daily routine. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on ‘Importance of Outdoor Games’. You are Sreeja/Thomas.
Answer:

Importance of Outdoor Gaines
by SreSja

Outdoor games play an important role in the life of children and adults. These are the sporting . events which involve a lot of physical activity and, since they are played outside, it makes one physically fit too as the whole body gets exercised.

Unfortunately, not much attention is paid to sports either by parents or school authorities. It’s high time we changed our outlook in this regard. It is the need of the hour and should become an integral part of a school’s daily routine. Outdoor sports event help us, especially students in many ways. Students learn the sportsmanship, develop a co – operative attitude and at the same time pick up the competitive spirit. Since it involves obeying rules and following the captain, children learn to form heterogeneous groups and get disciplined.

As the outdoor games are played in groups, there is no room for one’s personal gains or passion. It is the team that comes first and the team spirit that takes the topmost priority. Children, who develop a passion for outdoor sports, then go on to make a mark not only at school level but at regional, national and international level too provided they are given right coaching, guidance and facilities.

Question 4.
Every teenager has a dream to achieve something in life. What they are going to become tomorrow depends on what our youth dream today. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on AVhat I want to be in life’. You are Simranjit/Smita.
Answer:

What I Want to Be in Life
by Simranjit

Every youth has a dream to achieve something in life and I am no different! The idea of dreaming is to do something that has a purpose and adds value to one’s life. I have dreamt of a life where I am happy doing what I am doing as I firmly believe that happiness is the root of all desires. But one can’t be happy doing anything, one has to strive for a goal in life. Happiness requires struggle. One has to take risks and face challenges. Therein lies the effort which people don’t want to do.

My dream has been to go to the US for further studies and take up a job. After being financially sound, I would like to come back to my motherland and give back to the society which has made me what I am today. I could be asked why go to the US if I am so passionate about my country but going to the foreign shores too is part of my dream. I would like to be in a profession where I can serve people of my country.

Question 5.
To have a fair complexion is an obsession in our society. Demand for fair brides in matrimonial columns and sale of fairness creams are evidence enough. Write an article in 150 – 200 words giving your views on ‘Beautiful mind, better than a fair complexion.’ You are Natwar/Nimmi.

• Use the following clues:
• the West, people like to be tanned
• fair complexion, only skin deep
• beautiful mind
• attitude to life
• behaviour in society, etc.

Answer:

Beautiful mind, better than a fair complexion
by Natwar

If we look at the tantalizing matrimonial columns in the leading dailies, we observe great demand for fair brides and ads for sale of fairness creams. It implies, to have a fair complexion is an obsession in our society.

However, our major premise is beautiful mind is better than a fair complexion. First, we will see how our people, especially women folks, are influenced by the west. They tend to follow western culture and enrich facial beauty. But, virtually, this facial make – up is only skin – deep and represents only external beauty of a person. It is absolutely temporary. It only gives us sensual pleasure. A fair complexioned person may or may not possess a beautiful mind.

It all depends on his/her thoughts, deeds and behaviour that reveal what his/her persona is. Beauty of mind is internal and eternal and leads to a pretty mind, a pretty heart and a beautiful soul. These qualities change one’s attitude to life and add to make for a social behaviour. Those who possess these qualities and do beautiful deeds, such as Helen Keller, Vivekananda, B.T. Washington. Beauty lies not in the face, but in the heart. A beautiful mind is better than a fair complexion.

Question 6.
Teenagers are full of energy as well as ideas. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on “How to Channelise the Energy of the Teenagers”. You are Tejinder/Simran. You may use the following clues:

Teenagers curious – full of questions – question elders – sometimes even wrongly – generation gap – may go astray – effect on society – how to channelise – productive hobbies – social work – sports – part-time jobs, etc.

Answer:

How to Channelise the Energy of the Teenagers
by Simran

Teenagers are always curious to know the unknown and to see the unseen. So, engaging children in positive activities like sports, theatre and art is the hour of need. Channelising children’s energy to a positive goal is the primary motive of such initiatives. The teenagers pose a lot of r questions to the elders, sometimes even wrongly. Truly, they possess inquisitive minds.

However, these are different ways to channelise the energy of the teenagers. They can take up productive hobbies like social work take up part – time jobs or engage in sports activities, cleaning local parks, teaching underprivileged children. Sports camp can teach them team building and ‘ develop their organisational and leadership skills. Reading books can also inspire the teenagers in positive ways and make them understand human values.

Generation gap many a time, leads the youth to go astray. It is a must to channelise the energy of the teenagers in the right direction, so that they can utilise their energy in good and productive works in life.

Question 7.
Recent floods in many metropolitan cities of the country during the monsoon season laid bare the hollowness of the claims of the civic authorities of their preparedness. The poor had to bear the brunt of the problem while no one was ever held accountable. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on the common man’s woes during the monsoons and the need for accountability of the officials concerned. You are Sumit/Smita Verma.
Answer:
\

Common Man’s Woes during Monsoons
by Smita Verma

There have been floods in many metropolitan cities during the monsoon season this year. There was chaos everywhere; roads were heavily damaged as they had been badly made. There were many potholes at almost all the roads in the cities. Fallen trees further added to the mess on the roads. Several hundred people were afflicted with malaria, dengue, chikungunya, typhoid and viral fever. The poor people were the worst affected as they had become homeless due to j washing away of their kutcha houses.

These floods had laid bare the hollowness of the claims of the civic authorities of their preparedness to face disasters. The poor had to bear the brunt ; of the problem while none of the civic authorities were held accountable. It is high time the civic authorities took some concrete measures to’fight the menace caused by floods. Hospitals should be geared up to meet all challenges and should be adequately stocked with medicines. Civic authorities should ensure timely collection of garbage and clear all blocked drains on a i war – footing. Only then can there be some semblance of normalcy.

Question 8.
Sindhu, Sakshi, Saina and Deepa, all daughters of India have put those to shame who do not love a girl child. If they are given education, encouragement and proper training, the daughters can bring name, fame and support to the family. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on ‘Save and ‘ Love a Girl Child’. You are Raman/Geeta.
Answer:

Save and Love a Girl Child
by Geeta

It is well said that if they are given good education, encouragement and proper training, the daughters can bring name, fame and support to the family. But the irony of it all is that the girl child is fighting a great battle for survival. The very existence of the girl child is under threat.

Without recognising the feminine aspect of divinity, one cannot claim to know Ggd. To recognise the feminine, it is necessary to restore wholeness, completeness and universality, ‘Save and Love a Girl Chid’. But, alas!

Girl child, the God’s most divine creation, is a victim of gender discrimination in our country. Such is the irony of fate that ‘the hand that rocks the cradle, the procreator and mother of tomorrow, is today the one of the gravest concerns facing humanity.

Today, the girl child is facing several challenges such as child marriage, child labour, slavery, right to education, molestation, etc. These problems can lesson if the daughter is given equal opportunity, proper education and encouragement to improve her quality of life. It is necessary to create general awareness and change the mindset of the people towards the girl child. The hour of need is to let daughters of India unite and put those to shame to those who do not love a girl child.

Question 9.
India is a land of diversity. One way in which it makes us feel proud of it is the number of festivals we enjoy. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on ‘Festivals of India’. You are Karuna/Karan.
Answer:

Festivals of India
by Karuna

India is a country of cultural and traditional festivals. It has many festivals and religions. These are celebrated all across the country with a lot of fervour, great passion and joy and have become important part of our lives. There are mainly three types of festivals celebrated in India – national, religious apd seasonal. Each has its own significance and meaning and gives immense happiness to different sections of people at different times of the year.

The patriotic fervour abounds around the time of the three national festivals. The Republic Day, Independence Day and Gandhi Jayanti are celebrated as our three national festivals. During the religious and seasonal festivals, apart from the fact that all are celebrated with great aplomb, a lot of brotherhood is generated among all, family and friends get together, people from different religions wish and participate thereby ushering a feeling of camaraderie and togetherness.

The other important festivals are Diwali, Holi, Christmas, Eid, Durga Puja, Mahavir Jayanti, Janmashtami, Buddhpurnima, etc. to just name a few. All festivals celebrated in India promote national integration and bring harmony and peace in our society.

Question 10.
Rising pollution, fast and competitive lifestyle, lack of nutritious food, etc. have caused health woes for a large section of our population. Providing health care used to be a charitable and ethical activity. Today it has become commercialized, a money spinning business. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on ‘How to provide proper health care to the common man’. You are Karan/ Karuna.
Answer:

How to Provide Proper Health Care to the Common Man
by Karan

It is true that health care which used to be an ethical and charitable activity earlier has now become commercialized. It is a boon for the rich but a curse for the poor. India is a developing country where most people are below the poverty line and depend on government hospitals for treatment. Private hospitals are costly as they are equipped with the latest machines and technology, whereas the government hospitals having the best doctors lack basic facilities such as sanitation, drinking water and beds.

What ails the health care system is the large population, overcrowding in hospitals and lack of facilities, whereas for the private sector it’s a money – spinning business. But how will the common man get the benefits of good health care system? This is an uphill task, but not impossible. Every problem comes with a solution provided there is a will to find thp solution.

To start with, the government can tie up with private hospitals on conditions suitable tq both. Stricter laws to be enforced for the private medical sector and stringent punishment for the offenders, So, to create health awareness among the common people is very important. In fact, the need of the hour is also to open more government hospitals and provide health care in schools too. The focus should be the welfare of common people as all have a right to good and healthy living.

Question 11.
Education has always been a noble profession. Our ancestors received their learning at gurukuls and ashrams. Even in the near past pathshalas (schools) were associated with places of worship, Today, education is fast becoming commercialised. Parents have to shell out a lot of money on coaching classes, tuition fees etc. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on ‘The State of Education, Today’. You are Karan/Karuna.
Answer:

The State of Education, Today
by Karan

Education that was driven by devotion and thought is no more a noble profession today. It has become commercialized which should be a matter of concern for one and all. Gone are the days when the educational institutes were like places of worship; there were gurukuls and ashrams where our ancestors received their learning. Look at our education system today where things are not going as they should have been. Today private schools and coaching centres are prospering, have become a great source of generating profits, money spinning businesses and the sad part is that parents too feel compelled owing to today’s highly competitive world to spend any amount of money on their children to get to these institutes.

Private schools which are mushrooming in every part of the country are charging exorbitant fee; parents, who can afford, are sending their children as they want to live their dreams through them unmindful of the pressures they are creating. There is the ‘capitation fee’ being charged by higher educational institutes which is nothing but a price for selling education. There is a strong need to change the basics of education system in order to revive the real importance of it.

Question 12.
According to 2011 census, literacy rate of hundred per cent or around has been achieved by only a couple of states in India. Illiteracy is found mostly among the old and the deprived sections of society. What can the youth do to spread literacy in society? Write an article in 150 – 200 words on ‘Role of students in eradicating illiteracy’. You are Karuna/Karan.
Answer:

Role of Students in Eradicating Illiteracy
by Karuna

Students can play a crucial role in removing illiteracy which continues to exist at an appalling scale in our country. India has 29 states, and only a couple of them have achieved hundred per cent literacy. India has been a free nation for nearly seventy years now. Illiteracy gives birth to many issues such as poverty, unemployment, child labour, female foeticide, and population boom. It is mostly found in old people and the deprived sections of society who have little access to this basic right.

Although several concerted efforts have also been made on the part of the government to deal with illiteracy, a lot still remains to be done. And that is where the role of our educated youth comes in. They can share their experiences with illiterate people, give interesting talks on the importance of literacy, stage street plays to remove their superstitions and hollow beliefs, organize short baithaks to teach how to read and write. They can also join hands with educational institutions, National Literacy Mission, NGOs and others to help the country achieve hundred per cent literacy rate which is not an insurmountable task given the fact that our youth form a sizable chunk of the country’s population and is its backbone.

Question 13.
In spite of 24 – hour news on TV, the morning newspaper has not lost its relevancejn the daily life of the common man. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on ‘Print media and TV news’. You are Karuna/Karan.
Answer:

Print Media and TV News
by Karuna

The familiar sound of a newspaper dropped on one’s doormat every morning is linked in thousands of minds with the inviting feeling of crackling open the fresh pages of newsprint while taking the first few sips of one’s favourite morning brew. But with the television just a click away and lives getting busy, particularly with the morning rush hour hurdle, this familiar scene is receding like a fading rainbow, according to popular accounts. Yet the facts are different. According to the 59th Annual Media.

Report by the government there was an increase of 5.8% in print media belying the diminishing appeal of newspapers, emphasizing the leap ahead taken by the regional language readership. Even in metro cities, the general consensus of opinion states that television is for viewing serials in one’s leisure but the nose for news can only be satisfied after one has glanced at a newspaper.

A television news flash is like immediate gratification for the here and now moment. When one wants to go into the depth of a subject or even refers to something which has been reported earlier, the newspaper continues to be the ideal choice for readers.

Question 14.
Charity begins at home. If we want a clean India (Swachch Bharat) we have to begin with ourselves, make individual efforts not to make our surroundings dirty. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on ‘Role of individuals in society to keep our environment clean’. You are Karan/Karuna.
Answer:

Role of Individuals in Keeping Our Environment Clean
by Karan

The desire to have a clean India throb in every heart but not everyone knows the golden key to unlock this burning desire within us. Perhaps the best option is to not to look over one’s shoulder for change but to be the change oneself. In other words, by adopting certain measures of cleanliness one can set an example and see the result of our initiative gathering moss along the way. As disposal of household litter is a daily problem, determining not to litter the streets and putting our garbage where it can be collected easily, will ensure that litter does not get scattered around.

Instead of dumping all our throwaways into one package, it is best to organize garbage at home for recycling, before disposal. To keep trees healthy and tended in the neighbourhood, encourage your neighbours to plant trees. Alternately they can adopt a tree and keep it well maintained and clean off wild growth around itg roots. Conserving water and not keeping taps on unnecessarily are norms to follow. Also, keeping the car in the garage and cycling to fetch the day’s necessities from the market will keep the neighbourhood environment clean.

Question 15.
India is a large country having a very rich cultural tradition. It has the potential to provide great geographical and cultural diversity. Even then we have not been able to attract tourists to the extent that even the small countries have been able to do. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on how to promote tourism in the country. You are Mohan/Mohini.
Answer:

Growth Of Tourism Industry In India
by Mohan

The name of our country is known to the world. From the heights of the Himalayas in the north to the vastness of Indian Ocean in the south, from the desert of the west to the hills of the east, India has the potential to be a tourist’s attraction. India has its own unique culture, be it the dances of Rajasthan or the coast of the south, be it the beauty of Kashmir valley or the sunbath beaches of Goa.

The tourist industry today is seeing a new thrust in its promotion. However, internal factors like lack of security, patriarchal mindset and violence in the society are some problems which hinder the growth of tourism industry. The international view of Delhi is the ‘rape capital of India’ and I the instances of ‘terror acts’ and ‘instability in Kashmir Valley’ are reasons for lack of tourists in our country. But the failure of the system is also one of the factors impeding the promotion of the rich cultural and geographical diversity of India. The government, first of all, needs to provide internal security to the tourists and improve the international image of India. It should ‘ also allow new reforms to take care of natural and monumental heritage of our country.

The tourism ministry needs to create projects which provide rich experiences to the tourists and not just the sightseeing spots. More investment is needed for building the infrastructure such as roads and access points.

The most important factor that the government needs to work on is an aggressive tourism marketing strategy. There is no doubt that a promising tourism industry also helps in improving the economy of the country. We need to capitalize on India as a destination where the Royal Bengal Tiger, common labourer, a few millionaires, religious dichotomies, exotic culinary treasures and some of the most expensive spas of the world co – exist.

Question 16.
Write an article in 150 – 200 words on how we can make India a carefree and enjoyable place for women when they can go wherever they like to without any fear of being stared at, molested or discriminated against. You are Navtej/Navita.
Answer:

India – A Safe Place For Women
by Navtej

Each time our eyes hit the newspaper, the headlines provoke outrage with the narrative of gang [ rapes, violence, molestations and harassment of women. The women who comprise nearly half of our population, are still subject to violence and discrimination. Women continue to live in fear and under domination of men in India.

When we talk of freedom and independence of the country from the outside forces we are proud of what we have achieved today but women who were equal contributors to the freedom struggle continue to remain shackled by chains of patriasphal mindset. Women are often denied their freedom of choice. Nobody asks a girl what her dreams are or what role she aspires to play in . life. Rather her status is confined to the conventional roles that the society has assigned her.

To make this country a free and enjoyable place for women, we first need to empower the police and government in order to provide a safe environment to women so that they can travel wherever and whenever they want. We also need to improve our law and order situation and get serious about investigation, prosecution and trials. More investment needs to be made in promoting equality and improving ways for the women to take a stand for themselves.

The quality of freedom is not merely the implementation of rules and laws. Freedom emerges from liberty. It is only when the mindset of people changes and women are treated as equal to men that they will get a carefree and enjoyable atmosphere to be in. Men need to change their attitude towards women and only then we can create a truly safe and free country for one and all.

Question 17.
Emotionally as well as intellectually, a woman is as good as a man if not better. Yet we don’t allow her the same status as a man enjoys in society. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on “Status of Women in Society”. You are Navtej/Navita.
Answer:

Status of Women in Society
by Navtej

Women today are beset by paradoxes. On the one hand, they are portrayed as goddesses and, on the other, they are denied basic rights. For years, women have chosen broken dreams and broken bones over broken marriages. Despite various laws about domestic violence, female foeticide, rape and sexual harassment, girls and women, across the country, still continue to suffer.

The need of the hour is that we draw our attention to the centrality of the role women have played in the development of our civilization. Can we sustain a future without giving them their dues? It is true that in the present times, their social status is that of a marginalized community but this does not take away the fact that there can be no society without women. In fact, demographic, sociological and historical studies clearly indicate that for a just society there needs to be equality in sex – ratio at. birth and at workplace.

The parity in terms of employment, education, political and social status would not just boost economic productivity and guarantee a balanced and morally just society but also salvage the. right to equality. A woman’s responsibility cannot be restricted to her role as a homemaker and mother. The paradigm shift lies in changing our perception and acknowledging and accepting their immense contribution to shaping a society and the world at large.

The winds of change are blowing everywhere. Perhaps we will choose to be guided by the examples of Indira Gandhi, Indira Nooyi, Chanda Kochar, Bachendri Pal, Mary Kom or even the concerted efforts of women organizations like Sri Mahila Grah Udyog Lijjat Papad and Sewa. Women constitute almost half of the electorate and 35% parliamentarians with the increasing demand of reserving 50% of seats in the Parliament for them.

No doubt change can be seen. Be it the struggle of Malala Yousufzai or the verdict of the Nirbhaya case. But the real change will come when young girls of today raise their voice and come forward to make a place for themselves in all walks of life. Only then will we see an equal world where men and women walk shoulder ‘to shoulder with each other.

Question 18.
Children tend to become tense and nervous befor& the board exams. This affects their health and performance in the examination. Good counselling is, therefore, needed to help them overcome exam fear. Write an article in 150 – 200 words on the ‘Need for Counselling Before Board Exams.’ You are Gobind/Gobindi.
Answer:

Need for Counselling Before Board Exams
by Gobind

Every year with board exams approaching, schools and colleges work hard to prepare their students. While educational institutions compete hard to ensure good results, they also make sure their students don’t face stress. The stress that the Board exams have started creating is a recent phenomenon, which is primarily due to the highly competitive world we are heading into. Students often make securing high marks in boards an issue of life and death. This is also because the cut – off of many colleges is so high that many children miss their chance of studying in it and, therefore, are under pressure from parents, families and friends.

All these pressures affect the mental health of children as they become nervous before the exams, so much so they become even mentally blank and forget as they appear for a paper. Therefore, counselling before the board exams is very essential for better performance and health of the children. These counselling sessions give children some mental support and strength to use their energy in a positive manner. Most schools are now taking to these counselling sessions for better results. These counselling sessions are not only for students but also for parents. A counsellor in these sessions does not only talk and try to de – stress the child but also guides him to adopt a better lifestyle. Only counselling before board exams can help children deal with stress and not lose this important phase of life.

Question 19.
A newspaper report on a recent terrorist attack in your locality shattered you. You decided to write an article in a local daily on terrorist attacks and the need to maintain harmony and peace in society. Write the article in 150 – 200 words. You are Madhav/Meena.
Answer:

Towards A Harmonious Society
by Madhav Mathur

Acts of terrorism are on the rise across the world. The recent act of terror in my locality shattered me completely and forced me to question humanity in our society. The radical people who conduct these acts have the sole purpose of creating fear among the people.

The tragedy of our times is that we live in a world where every day we hear about terror attacks. From the United States, to France, to Baghdad, to India, every country is facing a threat from terrorism. The act of terror in Peshawar which killed school children, to Mumbai where innocent children were targeted are all a reflection of growing violence and hatred. Our society seems to have forgotten that the basis of human civilization is peace and brotherhood.

These terror acts become a success not only when they take innocent lives but also when we lose hope in harmony and become violent like them to take revenge. The only manner in which we can show terrorists that their attempts have failed is by showing them that our society is still defined by peace and harmony.

We need to rise beyond categorizing terrorism on the basis of religious groups because it is an act against the entire humanity. Therefore, the only way to defeat it is to strengthen the values of humanity.

If this is a war that humanity is fighting against terrorism, then we need to inculcate values of togetherness and unity. We need to create a society which is defined not by our differences but by our common hope.

Question 20.
Mahatma Gandhi once said, “I regard the English language as an open window for peeping into Western thought and science.” Write an article in 150 – 200 words on: ‘The Usefulness of English Language in India.’ You are Navin/Naina. [Foreign 2014
Answer:

Usefulness of English Language in India
by Navin Upadyaya

As the world today has become a global village and people are interacting with each other across national/regional boundaries, the one language which connects the world is English.

The use of English language in India is not new. Even during the freedom struggle, when India was divided into various regions, the one language which helped bind the people of India was English. Gandhi regarded Hindi as the language of India and also accepted that English is an open window to peep up in the western thoughts and sciences.

Gandhi’s word appears true today. As English is a medium of education in schools and colleges across India, it has given people an opportunity to look at the Western world. Many scientific developments happened due to knowledge of English in India. India has the largest English speaking population in the world. The youth of today, as part of the globalised world, are making the best use of it in their career choices. English indeed is a language which borrows from all languages without losing its own identity, a principle that can be aptly applied to life as well.

In this article we are providing Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom Extra Questions and Answers PDF Class 10 English First Flight CBSE, Extra Questions for Class 10 English was designed by subject expert teachers.

Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English First Flight

Extract Based Questions [3 Marks each]

Read the following extracts carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Question 1.
 10th May dawned bright and clear. For the past few days 1 had been pleasantly besieged by dignitaries and world leaders who were coming to pay their respects before the inauguration. The inauguration would be the largest gathering ever of international leaders on South African soil. The ceremonies took place in the lovely sandstone amphitheater formed by the Union Buildings in Pretoria. For decades this had been the seat of white supremacy, and now it was the site of a rainbow gathering of different colours and nations for the installation of South Africa’s first democratic, non-racial government. [CBSE2015]
(a) Who were coming and for what before the inauguration?
(b) What happened on the inauguration?
(c) Find out the word that means the same ‘commencement’ from the passage.
(d) Find the word from the passage which means ‘an open space surround by sloping land’.

Answer:
(a) Dignitaries and world leaders were coming to pay their respects before the inauguration.
(b) On the inauguration the first ever democracy, a non-racial government was installed as a victory of good or evil.
(c) The word is ‘inauguration’.
(d) The word is ‘ampitheater’.

Question 2.
On that lovely autumn day I was accompanied by my daughter Zenani. On the podium, Mr de Klerk was first sworn in as second Deputy President. Then Thabo Mbeki was sworn in as first Deputy President. When it was my turn, I pledged to obey and uphold the Constitution and to devote myself to the well-being of the republic and its people.
(a) Who accompanied Nelson Mandela on the inauguration?
(b) Who took the oath before Mandela? For what?
(c) Find out the word from the passage that has the same meaning as ‘maintain’.
(d) ……. means a small platform that a person stands on when giving a speech etc.
Answer:
(a) Zenani, the daughter of Nelson Mandela accompanied him on the inauguration.
(b) Mr Deklerk and Mr Thabo Mbeki took oath before Nelson Mandela as the second and first deputy president respectively.
(c) The word is ‘uphold’.
(d) The word is ‘podium’.

Question 3.
We, who were outlaws not so long ago, have today been given the rare privilege to be host to the nations of the world on our own soil.
We thank all of our distinguished international guests for having come to take possession with the people of our country of what is after all a common victory for justice, for peace, for human dignity.
We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation. We pledge ourselves to liberate all our people from the continuing bondage of poverty, deprivation, suffering, gender and other discrimination.
(a) What does ‘we’ refer in the first line of the passage?
(b) What did the people of South Africa achieve at last?
(c) The word ‘bondage’ means …… in the passage.
(d) Give a synonym of ’emancipation’.

Answer:
(a) ‘We’ refers to the people of South Africa in the first line of the jpassage.
(b) The people of South Africa achieved their political emancipation at last.
(c) The word bondage means slavery in the passage.
(d) ‘Freedom/liberation’ is a synonym of emancipation.

Question 4.
A few moments later we all lifted our eyes in awe as a spectacular array of South African jets, helicopters and troop carriers roared in perfect formation over the Union Buildings.
It was not only a display of pinpoint precision and military force, but a demonstration of military’s loyalty to democracy, to a new
government that had been freely and fairly elected. Only moments before, the highest generals of South African defence force and police, their chests bedecked with ribbons and medals from days gone by, saluted me and pledged their loyalty. I was not unmindful of the fact that not so many years before they would not have saluted but arrested me. Finally a chevron of Impala jets left a smoke Trail of the black, red, green, blue and gold of the new South African flag.
(a) What did the highest generals do in the event?
(b) What did the smoke trail of Impala symbolise?
(c) Pick out the word from the passage that means the same as adorned.
(d) is a line or pattern in the shape of ‘V’ signifying victory.
Answer:
(a) The highest generals of defence and police saluted Mandela and pledged their loyalty to him.
(b) The smoke trail of Impala symbolised the new national flag of South Africa.
(c) The word is ‘bedecked’.
(d) Chevron.

Question 5.
On the day of the inauguration, I was overwhelmed with a sense of history. In the first decade of the 20th century, a few years after the bitter Anglo-Boer war and before my own birth, the white-skinned people’s of South Africa patched up their differences and created a system of racial domination against the dark-skinned people of their own land. The structure they created formed the basis of one of the harshest, most inhumane societies the world has ever known. Now, in the last decade of the 20th centuryrand my own eighth decade as a man, that system had been overturned for ever and replaced by one that recognised the rights and freedoms of all peoples, regardless of the colour of their skin. That day had come about through the unimaginable sacrifices of thousands of my people, people whose suffering and courage can never be counted or repaid.
(a) What happened after Anglo-Boer war?
(b) On what basis the structure of new government created?
(c) Pick the word in the passage which has the same meaning as ‘submerged’.
(d) What is the meaning of the phrase ‘to patch up the differences’?

Answer:
(a) After Anglo-Boer war, the white people of South Africa erected a system of racial discrimination against the black people of their own land.
(b) New government was created as the recognition of the rights and freedoms of all peoples regardless of the colour of their skin.
(c) The word is ‘overwhelmed’.
(d) The meaning is ‘to settle some dispute’.

Question 6.
The policy of apartheid created a deep and lasting wound in my country and my people. All of us will spend many years, if not generations, recovering from that profound hurt. But the decades of oppression and brutality had another, unintended, effect, ‘ and that was that it produced the Oliver Tambos, the Walter Sisulus, the Chief Luthulis, the Yusuf Dadoos, the Bram Fischers, the Robert Sobukwes of our time-men of such extraordinary courage, wisdom and generosity that their like may never be known again. Perhaps it reguires such depths of oppression to create such heights of character. My country is rich in the minerals and gems that lie beneath its soil, but I have always known that its greatest wealth is its people, finer and truer than the purest diamonds.
(a) What did the policy of apartheid create?
(b) According to Mandela, what is the greatest wealth?
(c) Find out the word in the passage which means ‘large-heartedness.’
(d) Pick out the word from the passage which means to treat somebody/something cruelly and unfairly.

Answer:
(a) The policy of apartheid created a deep and lasting wound in the country and its people.
(b) According to Mandela the people of his nation are the greatest wealth, not the gems or minerals.
(c) The word is ‘generosity’.
(d) The word is ‘to oppress’.

Question 7.
“I learned that courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear. No one is born hating another person because of the colour of his skin or his background or his religion. People must learn to hate and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite. Even in the grimmest times in prison, when my comrades and I were pushed to our limits, I would see a glimmer of humanity in one of the guards, – perhaps just for a second, but it was enough to reassure me and keep me going. Man’s goodness is a flame that can be hidden but never extinguished.”
(a) How does Mandela define the brave?
(b) Which was the grimmest time for Mandela?
(c) Find a word similar in meaning to ‘victory’.
(d) Explain Man’s goodness is flame that can be hidden but never extinguished.
Answer:
(a) Mandela defines the brave as the one who has the courage to conquer fear.
(b) When Mandela and his comrades were pushed to their limit behind the bars, it was the grimmest time for him.
(c) The word is ‘triumph’.
(d) It means goodness flows through the human heart constantly: under compulsion, the shadow of selfishness may stop it for a while but it can never be altogether removed.

Question 8.
In life, every man has twin obligations- obligations to his family, to his parents, to his wife and children; and he has an obligation to his people, his community, his country. In a civil and humane society, each man is able to fulfil those obligations according to his own inclinations and abilities. But in a country like South Africa, it was almost impossible for a man of my birth and colour to fulfil both of those obligations. In South Africa, a man of colour who attempted to live as a human being was punished and isolated.           [CBSE 2014 ]
(a) What are the obligations that every man has in life?
(b) Why was it impossible for a coloured man to discharge his obligations?
(c) Find the word in the passage which has same meaning as ‘duty’.
(d) A word synonymous with intentions’ is ……… in the passage.
Answer:
(a) Every man has two obligations one is to his family and second to his community and country.
(b) In South Africa if a coloured man tried to fulfil his obligations, he was punished and isolated.
(c) The word is.‘obligation’.
(d) Inclinations.

Question 9.
“I was not born with a hunger to be free. I was born free — free in every way that I could know. Free to run in the fields near my mother’s hut, free to swim in the clear stream that ran through my village, free to roast mealies under the stars and ride the broad backs of slow-moving bulls. As long as I obeyed my father and abided by the customs of my tribe, I was not troubled by the laws of man or God. It was only when I began to learn that my boyhood freedom was an illusion, when I discovered as a young man that my freedom had already been taken from me, that I began to hunger for it. At first, as a student, I wanted freedom only for myself, the transitory freedoms of being able to stay out at night, read what I pleased and go where I chose. Later, as a. young man in Johannesburg, I yearned for the basic and honourable freedoms of achieving my potential, of earning my keep, of marrying and having a family—the freedom not to be obstructed in a lawful life.”
(a) In what ways was Mandela free?
(b) What kind of freedom did Mandela yearn for as a man?
(c) Give the meaning of the word ‘illusion’?
(d) What do you mean by ‘transitory’.

Answer:
(a) Mandela was free to run in the fields, free to swim in the stream, free to roast mealies and ride the backs of slow moving bulls.
(b) Mandela yearned for the basic and honourable freedoms of achieving his potential of earning his life, of marrying and having a family.
(c) Something which appears to be real but isn’t actually so.
(d) Transitory means ‘momentary or impermanent’

Question 10.
“But then I slowly saw that not only was I not free, but my brothers and sisters were not free.
I saw that it was not just my freedom that was curtailed, but the freedom of everyone who looked like I did. That is when I joined the African National Congress and that is when the hunger for my own freedom became the greater hunger for the freedom of my people.
It was this desire for the freedom of my people to live their lives with dignity and self-respect that animated my life, that transformed a frightened young man into a bold one, that drove a law-abiding attorney to become a criminal, that turned a family-loving husband into a man without a home, that forced a life-loving man to live like a monk. I am no more virtuous or self-sacrificing than the next man, but I found that I could not even enjoy the poof and limited freedoms I was allowed when I knew my people were not free. Freedom is indivisible; the chains on anyone of my people were the chains on all of them, the chains on all of my people were the chains on me.”
(a) Why did Mandela join the African National Congress?
(b) Why did Mandela say that freedom was indivisible?
(c) Find out the word in the passage with the same meaning ‘worthy’.
(d) Which word of English can replace the word ‘animated’ given is the passage without altering its sense.
Answer:
(a) Mandela joined the african national congress because he wanted to fight for the freedom of his people.
(b) Mandela knew that freedom is indivisible because the chains on anyone of his people were chains on all of them.
(c) the word is ‘virtuous’.
(d) the word is compelled/forced.

Short Answer Type Questions [2 Marks each]

Question 1.
What promise does Mandela make in the beginning of opening of his oath-taking speech?
Answer:
Mandela thanks all the international leaders and guests as he calls it an occasion of joy and victory for Justice. He promises that the country shall not again experience the oppression of one by another.

Question 2.
What freedom meant to Mandela in childhood? [CBSE 2015]
Answer:
During childhood the meaning of freedom for Mandela was quite limited he considered it to be free to run in the fields, to swim in the clear stream, free to roast mealies and ride the board backs of slow moving bulls.

Question 3.
Why did inauguration ceremony take place in the amphiteatre formed by the Union Building in Pretoria?
Answer:
It was the first democratic, non-racial government taking oath in South Africa. The ceremony was attended by dignitaries from more than 140 countries around the world and thousands of the people of South Africa of all the races to make the day memorable. So, it took place in, the amphiteatre formed by the Union Building in Pretoria.

Question 4.
What are the ideals which Mandela set for the future of South Africa in his swearing- in ceremony?
Answer:
Mandela emphasised to liberate all the people from poverty, deprivation, suffering, gender and other discriminations in his swearing-in ceremony.

Question 5.
What did Mandela think for oppressor and oppressed?     [CBSE 2011]
Answer:
Mandela always thought that both oppressor and oppressed are deprived of their humanity. Oppressor is a prisoner of hatred while oppressed has no confidence in humanity so both of them need to be liberated.

Question 6.
What do you understand by Apartheid’?
Answer:
‘Apartheid’ is a political system that divides people according to their race. In this system black-coloured people in South Africa were not free even to discharge their personal and social obligations of being parents, sons and husbands, etc.

Question 7.
Describe the effect of the policy of apartheid on the people of South Africa.
Answer:
The policy of apartheid could not be considered fortunate for the people of South Africa. It created distance and a deep wound in the country and the people. Many great men like Oliver Tambo, Walttr Sisulu, Yusuf Dadoo, Bram Fischer, etc were produced due to the brutality and oppression. They were men of great character

Question 8.
How is courage related to the brave man according to the author of the lesson?
Answer:
The author believes that courage is not the absence of fear, but it is the triumph over it. The brave man is not the one who does not feel fear of any kind but he is the one who has the courage to conquer it.

Question 9.
Could everyone fulfil the obligations personal or social in South Africa?
Answer:
No, everyone was not free to fulfil their obligations because of colour of the skin. If a persoti tried to fulfil their obligations, they were punished and isolated for being a rebellion.

Question 10.
What did Mandela realise about his brothers and sisters? [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
Mandela realised that his brothers and sisters were not free in their own country due to their colour. The freedom of everyone in his society was curtailed. He joined the African National Congress and fought for the freedom.

Question 11.
Why was Nelson Mandela changed into a bold man?
Answer:
Nelson Mandela was changed into a bold man due to his . desire of the freedom for his country and his countrymen. He wanted to live a life with dignity as he could not enjoy the limited freedom.

Long Answer (Value Based) Type Questions [8 Marks each]

Question 1.
What does Nelson Mandela refer to as “an extraordinary human disaster”?
Answer:
Nelson Mandela refers to the apartheid policy of the white race against the black people as “an extraordinary human disaster”. White people snatched freedom from the coloured people of South Africa to whom the country belonged. The black people were subjected to oppression for long. They were not even allowed to discharge their obligations to their own families, community and their country. White people had no compassion for them and oppressed their own people and put them in prison. If they had some freedom, it was curtailed. The black people lived the life of a slave.

Question 2.
Describe the views of Mandela for the black people who fought and sacrificed their likes for the country’s political independence?
Answer:
Mandela always said that the political freedom was the result of sacrifices of thousands of the black people who fought for that. He said that it could not be repaid. He thought himself as the sum of all of those African patriots. He regretted that he could not thank them. He cursed the policy of apartheid that wounded the people of his country, which would take centuries to heal.
He also said that the oppression and brutality of the white people produced great freedom fighters like Oliver Tambo, Walter Sisulu, Luthuli, Dadoo, Fischer, Sobukwe and many more. They were the men of courage, wisdom and large heartedness. They really suffered a lot for the political freedom of the country.

Question 3.
What does Mandela mean to say that the oppressor and the oppressed alike are robbed of their humanity?
Answer:
Mandela is right in saying that the oppressor and the oppressed alike are robbed of their humanity. Both of them are actually the victim of hatred. Everyone is obliged to discharge their duties whether personal or social but without freedom a man cannot do so. The person who snatches this freedom of a man is really an oppressor and a prisoner of hatred. He has lack of humanity. But this is the same with a person who is oppressed by other.

Question 4.
Describe the obligations which the author is talking about and also describe his feelings for them?
Answer:
In the chapter the author has talked about two obligation for every man. The first obligation is towards his family, parents, his wife and children. The second is towards his community and his country. Being a social person one has to fulfil these obligations.
But being a black coloured person in South Africa, a man was not free to perform his obligations and got punished if he tried to do that.
Being a child the author never thought of such obligations but after he did so, he fought for the people and the country to be free and enjoy their freedom of performing their duties personal and social.

Question 5.
Describe the value of freedom for the human beings and how it is important for the growth of civilisation and humanism as described in the lesson ‘Nelson Mandela : Long Walk to Freedom’. [CBSE2014]

Answer:
Everybody whether human or other creatures wants to live free as freedom is natural to all living beings. The value of freedom is better known to that human being who has not tasted it till he gets it. A person who is chained with the limits and not allowed to perform his duties freely, values freedom more than anyone else. For instance the value of freedom is known better to Mandela who remained behind the bars most of his life. Think about a bird or animal which is caged as they have the habit of living with full freedom but in the cage they are not free and their conditions are very pitiable. Similarly, life becomes a hell if we are deprived of freedom. There is no growth of civilisation as it grows only when one has freedom. Similarly, humanism grows in the atmosphere of freedom.

For More Resources

• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English
• CBSE Class 10 English First Flight Chapter Wise Question Bank
• CBSE Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter Wise Question Bank
• CBSE Class 10 English First Flight Extra Questions
• CBSE Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Extra Questions
• CBSE Revision Notes for Class 10 English First Flight
• CBSE Revision Notes for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet