In this chapter, “Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Extra Questions and Answers Industries,” we’ll traverse through the vast domains of factories and production units, discovering the various types of industries and their role in economic development. From understanding the concept of industrialization to exploring the challenges and opportunities in the industrial sector, this narrative unveils the significance of industries in shaping modern societies. Read this also Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science .
Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Extra Questions and Answers Industries
Industries Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 5 Very Short Answers Type
Question 1.
What is the basic function of secondary activities or manufacturing?
Answer:
The basic function of secondary activities or manufacturing is to change raw materials into products of more value to people.
Question 2.
Of what is the paper made up from?
Answer:
The paper is made up from pulp.
Question 3.
Name the classification of industries on the basis of raw material used by them.
Answer:
The industries classified on the basis of raw materials used by them are:
- Agro-based industries
- Mineral-based industries
- Marine based industries
- Forest-based industries
Question 4.
By whom are the private sector industries owned and operated?
Answer:
Private-sector industries are owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals.
Question 5.
What does an industrial system consist of?
Answer:
An industrial system consists of input, processes and outputs.
Question 6.
How does an industrial region emerge?
Answer:
Industrial region emerges when a number of industries are located close to each other and share the benefits of their closeness.
Question 7.
What is meant by industrial disaster?
Answer:
In industries, accidents/disasters mainly occur due to technical failure or irresponsible handling of hazardous material. This is known as industrial disaster.
Question 8.
Define Sunrise Industries.
Answer:
Emerging industries are also known as ‘Sunrise Industries’. These include Information technology, Wellness, Hospitality and Knowledge.
Question 9.
Define the process ‘smelting’.
Answer:
It is the process in which metals are extracted from their ores by heating beyond the melting point.
Question 10.
What is the full form of TISCO?
Answer:
TISCO: Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited.
Question 11.
On what basis are industries classified?
Answer:
Industries are classified on the basis of raw materials, size and ownership.
Question 12.
Under which category is production of automobile and heavy machinery is placed?
Answer:
Under large scale industry.
Question 13.
What may be the inputs in case of textile industry?
Answer:
In case of textile industry, the inputs may be cotton, human labour, factory and transport cost.
Question 14.
What was the official death total in 1989 in Bhopal tragedy?
Answer:
Official death total was 3,598 in 1989.
Question 15.
What is MIC?
Answer:
MIC is Methyl Isocynate gas responsible for gas tragedy of Bhopal.
Question 16.
Which is the major IT hub of India?
Answer:
Bengaluru.
Question 17.
Where was TISCO started in?
Answer:
It was started in Sakchi.
Question 18.
What is the date of Bhopal gas tragedy?
Answer:
On 3rd December 1984.
Question 19.
Which industries use produce from sea and oceans as raw materials?
Answer:
Marine based industries.
Question 20.
In which part of the world is silicon valley located?
Answer:
It is located next to the rocky mountains of North America.
Industries Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 5 Short Answers Type
Question 1.
Why was Sakchi chosen to set up the steel plant? Give reasons.
Answer:
Sakchi was chosen to set up the steel plant for several reasons because:
- the place was only 32 km away from Kalimati station on the Bengal-Nagpur railway line.
- It was close to the iron ore, coal and manganese deposits as well as to Kolkata, which provided a large market.
- TISCO gets coal from Jharia coalfields, and iron ore, limestone, dolomite and manganese from Odisha and Chattisgarh.
- The Kharkai and Subarnarekha rivers ensured sufficient water supply. Government initiatives provided adequate capital for its later development.
Question 2.
What was the ideal location for iron and steel industry before 1800 A.D and after 1950 how did the concept for ideal location of iron and steel industries change?
Answer:
Before 1800 A.D. iron and steel industry was located where raw materials, power supply and running water were easily available. Later, the ideal location for the industry was near coal fields and close to canals and railways.
After 1950, iron and steel industry began to be located on large areas of flat land near sea ports. This is because by this time steelworks had become very large and iron ore had to be imported from overseas.
Question 3.
How is the steel used by other industries as raw materials?
Answer:
Steel is used by other industries as raw material in many ways.
- Steel is tough and it can be easily shaped, cut, or made into wire.
- Special alloys of steel can be made by adding small amount of other metals such as aluminium, nickel and copper.
- Alloys give steel unusual hardness, toughness or ability to resist rust.
- Steel is often called the backbone of modern industry.
Question 4.
Define the concept of industrial system briefly.
Answer:
An industrial system consists of inputs, processes and outputs. The inputs are the raw materials, labour and cost of land, transport, power and other infrastructure. The processes include a wide range of activities that convert the raw material into finished products. The outputs are the end products and the income earned from it.
In case of textile industry the inputs may be cotton, human labour, factory and transport cost. The processes include ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing and printing. The output is the shirt you wear.
Question 5.
What does the concept of information technology industry deals in and which are the major hubs of the IT industry?
Answer:
The information technology industry deals in the storage, processing and distribution of information. Today, this industry has become global. This is due to a series of technological, political and socio-eco¬nomic events.
The main factors guiding the location of these industries are resource availability, cost and infrastructure. The major hubs of the IT industry are the Silicon Valley, California and Bengaluru, India.
Industries Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 5 Long Answers Type
Question 1.
How is the classification of industries done on the basis of raw materials size and ownership? Explain.
Answer:
Industries are classified on the basis of raw materials, size and ownership:
1. Raw materials: Industries may be agro-based, mineral-based, marine-based and forest-based depending on the type of raw materials used by them.
- Agro-based industries: These industries use plant and animal-based products as their raw materials.
- Mineral-based industries: These industries use mineral ores as their raw materials, and the products of these industries feed other industries.
- Marine based industries: They use the products from the sea and oceans as raw materials.
- Forest-based industries: It utilises forest produce as raw materials.
2. Size: It refers to the amount of capital invested, number of people employed and the volume of production.
Based on size, industries can be classified into small scale and large scale industries.
- Small scale industry: Cottage or household industries are a type of small scale industry where the products are manufactured by hand, by the artisans. These industries use lesser amount of capital and technology as compared to large scale industry.
- Large scale industry: These are industries that produce large volumes of products. Investment of capital is higher and the technology used is superior in large scale industries.
3. Ownership: Industries can be classified into private sector, state-owned or public sector, joint sector and cooperative sector.
- Private-sector industries: These are owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals.
- Public sector industries: These are owned and operated by the government.
- Joint sector industries: These are owned and operated by the state and individuals or a group of individuals.
- Cooperative sector industries: The are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both.
Picture Based Questions Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Industries
Look at the picture given below and answer the following questions:
Picture-1
(i) What does the above picture show?
(ii) Where was the iron and steel industry located before 1800 A.D.?
Answer:
(i) It shows the changing location of iron and steel industry.
(ii) Before 1800 A.D. iron and steel industry was located where raw materials, power supply and running water were easily available.
Picture-2
(i) Name the major railway station shown in the figure.
(ii) What does the picture show?
Answer:
(i) Tatanagar railway station.
(ii) It shows the location of iron and steel industry in Jamshedpur.
Map Skills Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Industries
Question 1.
On an outline Map of World show the major iron ore producing areas.
(i) Brazil
(ii) South Africa
(iii) Australia
(iv) Germany
(v) India
Answer:
Question 2.
On an outline Map of World show the important iron and steel producing centres.
(i) Jharkhand
(ii) Odisha
(iii) Chhattisgarh
(iv) West Bengal
Answer: